Since the first law is expressed as heat added to the system and work expelled from the system then () and () will always produce positive values.

The net work can also be found by evaluating the heat added minus the heat leaving or expelled.

Blubber has advantages over fur ( as in sea otters ) in the respect that although fur can retain heat by holding pockets of air, the air pockets will be expelled under pressure ( while diving ).

* Circulating pump: It is designed to circulate water back to the boiler after it has expelled some of its heat.

This high temperature heat treatment breaks the aluminum-oxygen bonds and the aluminum atom is expelled from the zeolite framework.

The heat is expelled from a laptop by an exhaust centrifugal fan

The heat expelled by the magma expands the lithosphere and asthenosphere at the ridge, pushing them above the surrounding ocean floor.

In heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems, HVAC, recuperators are commonly used to re-use waste heat from exhaust air normally expelled to atmosphere.

As with all hot springs, the heat in the caldera forces pressurized water up through the ground, which is expelled here.

The hot exhaust gas flows over the central element, transferring some of its heat to the element, and is then ducted away for further treatment in dust collectors and other equipment before being expelled from the flue gas stack.

This is far from the vulgar, leering sexuality of the middle-class square in heat ''.

The volume is a piece of passionate special pleading, written with the heat -- and often with the wisdom, it must be said -- of a Liberal damning the shortsightedness of politicians from 1782 to 1832.

A relatively simple switching arrangement reverses the cycle so that the machine literally runs backward, and the heat is extracted from outdoor air and turned indoors.

Among other things, besides the nature of your house and how much heat finds its way into its various rooms from the outside, it will depend upon your personal habits and the makeup of your family.

The heat transfer to the anode in free burning arcs is enhanced by a hot gas jet flowing from the cathode towards the anode with velocities up Af.

In this design the anode holder is water cooled and the heat losses by conduction from the anode were determined by measuring the temperature rise of the coolant.

To reduce heat transfer from the hot gas to this anode holder outside the regime of the arc, a carbon shield was attached to the surface providing an air gap of 1/16 inch between the plate and the surface of the anode holder.

Temperatures of the shield and of the surface of the water-cooled anode holder were measured by thermocouples to account for heat received by the coolant but not originating from the anode plug.

The total heat flux from the porous plug into the plug holder is thereby Af.

The K factor, a term used to denote the rate of heat transmission through a material ( B.t.u./sq. ft. of material/hr./*0F./in. of thickness ) ranges from 0.24 to 0.28 for flexible urethane foams and from 0.12 to 0.16 for rigid urethane foams, depending upon the formulation, density, cell size, and nature of blowing agents used.

I was thinking of the heat and of water that morning when I was plowing the stubble field far across the hill from the farm buildings.

The massive walls require a large and relatively long input of heat from the sun ( radiation ) and from the surrounding air ( convection ) before they warm through to the interior and begin to transfer heat to the living space.

The kitchen is separated from the living area ( called the stube, the area of the home heated by a stove ), and second-floor bedrooms benefit from rising heat.

Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails.

The heat of summer is tempered in the south by the winds from the Gulf of Mexico, and in the north by the elevation above the sea.

However, since it is capable of being greatly altered and even discharged by heat, the color was believed by some authorities to be from an organic source.

Rather, a system with a negative temperature is hotter than any system with a positive temperature in the sense that if a negative-temperature system and a positive-temperature system come in contact, heat will flow from the negative-to the positive-temperature system.

Pierre-Simon Laplace and Antoine Lavoisier, in their 1780 treatise on heat, arrived at values ranging from 1, 500 to 3, 000 below the freezing-point of water, and thought that in any case it must be at least 600 below.

After James Prescott Joule had determined the mechanical equivalent of heat, Lord Kelvin approached the question from an entirely different point of view, and in 1848 devised a scale of absolute temperature which was independent of the properties of any particular substance and was based solely on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics.

The term " adiabatic " literally means impassable, coming from the Greek roots ἀ-(" not "), διὰ-(" through "), and βαῖνειν (" to pass "); this etymology corresponds here to an absence of heat transfer.

He settled on the sofa with his coffee, warming his hands on the cup, although the room was heavy with heat.

Calcium metal reacts with water, evolving hydrogen gas at a rate rapid enough to be noticeable, but not fast enough at room temperature to generate much heat.

Liquids that do not evaporate visibly at a given temperature in a given gas ( e. g., cooking oil at room temperature ) have molecules that do not tend to transfer energy to each other in a pattern sufficient to frequently give a molecule the heat energy necessary to turn into vapor.

LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are relatively expensive and require more precise current and heat management than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output.

Even though gallium will melt from the heat of one's hand just above room temperature, its boiling point is not far from that of copper.

The amount of energy required to induce the transition is more than the amount required to heat the water from room temperature to just short of boiling temperature, which is why evaporation is useful for cooling.

This requires reducing the power consumption, as extra energy used generates more heat thus causing the temperature in the room to exceed the acceptable limits ; hence normally, server rooms are equipped with air conditioning devices.

* Armazém de Calor: Only used by the Madeira Wine Institute, this method involves storing the wine in large wooden casks in a specially designed room outfitted with steam-producing tanks or pipes that heat the room, creating a type of sauna.

General technocentric enthusiasm even led some designers to take the " work kitchen " approach even further, culminating in futuristic designs like Luigi Colani's " kitchen satellite " ( 1969, commissioned by the German high-end kitchen manufacturer Poggenpohl for an exhibit ), in which the room was reduced to a ball with a chair in the middle and all appliances at arm's length, an optimal arrangement maybe for " applying heat to food ", but not necessarily for actual cooking.

The heat capacity on a volumetric basis in solid materials at room temperatures and above varies more widely, from about 1. 2 to 4. 5 MJ / m³K, but this is mostly due to differences in the physical size of atoms.

For gases at room temperature, the range of volumetric heat capacities per atom ( not per molecule ) only varies between different gases by a small factor less than two, due to the fact that in every ideal gas has the same molar volume.

In monatomic gases ( like argon ) at room temperature and constant volume, volumetric heat capacities are all very close to 0. 5 kJ / m³K, which is the same as the theoretical value of 3 / 2 RT per kelvin per mole of gas molecules ( where R is the gas constant and T is temperature ).

Such a system contains a boiler, furnace, or heat pump to heat water, steam, or air in a central location such as a furnace room in a home or a mechanical room in a large building.

* 1798 – Count Rumford ( Benjamin Thompson ) performs measurements of the frictional heat generated in boring cannons and develops the idea that heat is a form of kinetic energy ; his measurements are inconsistent with caloric theory, but are also sufficiently imprecise as to leave room for doubt.

Alice interpreted the look as a flirtation and left the room, prompting Gertrude to follow, and when Gertrude returned, she said, " doesn't want to come lunch .... She feels the heat today.

Natural human cooling by perspiration and evaporation may be facilitated through natural or forced convective air movement by fans, but ceiling fans can disturb the stratified insulating air layers at the top of a room, and accelerate heat transfer from a hot attic, or through nearby windows.

For the same reason, opening a food refrigerator or freezer actually heats up the room rather than cooling it because its refrigeration cycle rejects heat to the indoor air.

A sauna ( or ) is a small room or house designed as a place to experience dry or wet heat sessions, or an establishment with one or more of these and auxiliary facilities.

If the temperature is correct, and a room is unoccupied, the drapes can automatically close to reduce heat transfer in either direction.