This is far from the vulgar, leering sexuality of the middle-class square in heat ''.

The volume is a piece of passionate special pleading, written with the heat -- and often with the wisdom, it must be said -- of a Liberal damning the shortsightedness of politicians from 1782 to 1832.

A relatively simple switching arrangement reverses the cycle so that the machine literally runs backward, and the heat is extracted from outdoor air and turned indoors.

Among other things, besides the nature of your house and how much heat finds its way into its various rooms from the outside, it will depend upon your personal habits and the makeup of your family.

The heat transfer to the anode in free burning arcs is enhanced by a hot gas jet flowing from the cathode towards the anode with velocities up Af.

In this design the anode holder is water cooled and the heat losses by conduction from the anode were determined by measuring the temperature rise of the coolant.

To reduce heat transfer from the hot gas to this anode holder outside the regime of the arc, a carbon shield was attached to the surface providing an air gap of 1/16 inch between the plate and the surface of the anode holder.

Temperatures of the shield and of the surface of the water-cooled anode holder were measured by thermocouples to account for heat received by the coolant but not originating from the anode plug.

The total heat flux from the porous plug into the plug holder is thereby Af.

The K factor, a term used to denote the rate of heat transmission through a material ( B.t.u./sq. ft. of material/hr./*0F./in. of thickness ) ranges from 0.24 to 0.28 for flexible urethane foams and from 0.12 to 0.16 for rigid urethane foams, depending upon the formulation, density, cell size, and nature of blowing agents used.

I was thinking of the heat and of water that morning when I was plowing the stubble field far across the hill from the farm buildings.

The massive walls require a large and relatively long input of heat from the sun ( radiation ) and from the surrounding air ( convection ) before they warm through to the interior and begin to transfer heat to the living space.

The kitchen is separated from the living area ( called the stube, the area of the home heated by a stove ), and second-floor bedrooms benefit from rising heat.

Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails.

The heat of summer is tempered in the south by the winds from the Gulf of Mexico, and in the north by the elevation above the sea.

However, since it is capable of being greatly altered and even discharged by heat, the color was believed by some authorities to be from an organic source.

Rather, a system with a negative temperature is hotter than any system with a positive temperature in the sense that if a negative-temperature system and a positive-temperature system come in contact, heat will flow from the negative-to the positive-temperature system.

Pierre-Simon Laplace and Antoine Lavoisier, in their 1780 treatise on heat, arrived at values ranging from 1, 500 to 3, 000 below the freezing-point of water, and thought that in any case it must be at least 600 below.

After James Prescott Joule had determined the mechanical equivalent of heat, Lord Kelvin approached the question from an entirely different point of view, and in 1848 devised a scale of absolute temperature which was independent of the properties of any particular substance and was based solely on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics.

The term " adiabatic " literally means impassable, coming from the Greek roots ἀ-(" not "), διὰ-(" through "), and βαῖνειν (" to pass "); this etymology corresponds here to an absence of heat transfer.

Assuming thermal equilibrium between the anode surface and the transpiring argon, the gas enthalpy rise through the anode was calculated according to the relation Af whereby the specific heat of argon was taken as Af.

Oceanic models have shown that the opening of these two passages limited polar heat convergence and caused a cooling of sea surface temperatures by several degrees ; other models have shown that CO < sub > 2 </ sub > levels also played a significant role in the glaciation of Antarctica < sup >.</ sup >

Since less of its surface area is exposed to the arctic cold, less heat escapes the body.

Annualized geo solar buildings often have buried, sloped water-tight skirts of insulation that extend from the foundations, to prevent heat leakage between the earth used as thermal mass, and the surface.

It also happens when the combustion is quenched by a heat sink such as a solid surface or flame trap.

Smoldering is the slow, low-temperature, flameless form of combustion, sustained by the heat evolved when oxygen directly attacks the surface of a condensed-phase fuel.

He proposed that the Earth's mantle contained convection cells that dissipated radioactive heat and moved the crust at the surface.

** Grilling-direct heat on a shallow surface, fastest of all variants ; sub-variants include:

*** Charbroiling-direct dry heat on a solid surface with wide raised ridges.

*** Gridironing-direct dry heat on a solid or hollow surface with narrow raised ridges.

*** Griddling-direct dry or moist heat along with the use of oils and butter on a flat surface.

The increased random heat motion of the filament atoms knocks electrons out of the atoms at the surface of the filament, into the evacuated space of the tube.

The internal temperature rises as the black vanes impart heat to the air molecules, but the molecules are cooled again when they touch the bulb's glass surface, which is at ambient temperature.

With forged crankshafts, vanadium microalloyed steels are mostly used as these steels can be air cooled after reaching high strengths without additional heat treatment, with exception to the surface hardening of the bearing surfaces.

The temperature of the steam is easier to control than the surface of a heating element, and allows a high rate of heat transfer without heating at a very high temperature.

The heat of the compressed air vaporizes fuel from the surface of the droplets.

*** Ocean thermal energy conversion ( OTEC ): uses the small difference between cooler deep and warmer surface ocean waters to run a heat engine ( usually a turbine ).

The lost energy is converted into alternative forms such as heat, emission of low-energy secondary electrons and high-energy backscattered electrons, light emission ( cathodoluminescence ) or X-ray emission, which provide signals carrying information about the properties of the specimen surface, such as its topography and composition.

The reality is more complex: the atmosphere near the surface is largely opaque to thermal radiation ( with important exceptions for " window " bands ), and most heat loss from the surface is by sensible heat and latent heat transport.

In the case of the Creme Brulee, placing the ramekins in a roasting pan and filling the pan with hot water until it is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the way up the sides of the ramekins transfers the heat to the custard gently, which prevents the custard from curdling.

Cook-tops are used to heat vessels placed on top of the heat source, such as a sauté pan, sauce pot, frying pan, or pressure cooker.

A seasoned salt can be easily made by dry-roasting common salt with five-spice powder under low heat in a dry pan until the spice and salt are well mixed.

The traditional way is to stand the cases in a shallow pan full of water, then heat the necks of the cases with a torch, but this method makes it difficult to get an even heating of the entire case neck.

In Israel, families that do not kasher their ovens can bake cakes, casseroles, and even meat on the stovetop in a Wonder Pot, an Israeli invention consisting of three parts: an aluminium pot shaped like a Bundt pan, a hooded cover perforated with venting holes, and a thick, round, metal disc with a center hole which is placed between the Wonder Pot and the flame to disperse heat.

* Roasting: Food may be cooked with dry heat in an enclosed pan with lid.

Induction cookers generate heat in induction-compatible cookware via direct magnetic stimulation of the pan material.

In a differential scanning calorimeter ( DSC ), heat flow into a sample — usually contained in a small aluminium capsule or ' pan '— is measured differentially, i. e., by comparing it to the flow into an empty reference pan.

As a form of frying, pan frying relies on oil as the heat transfer medium and on correct temperature and time to retain the moisture in the food.

" jumped, bounced " in reference to tossing while cooking ) is a method of cooking food, that uses a small amount of oil or fat in a shallow pan over relatively high heat.

The primary mode of heat transfer during sautéing is conduction between the pan and the food being cooked.

Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill ( an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below ), a grill pan ( similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill ), or griddle ( a flat plate heated from below ).

In this case, the pan that holds the food is called a broiler pan, and heat transfer is by thermal convection.

In pan grilling, heat is applied directly to the food by the raised ridges, and also indirectly by heat radiating off the lower pan surface via the stove-top flame.

The griddle or pan may be prepared with oil ( or butter ), and the food is cooked quickly over a high heat.