Based on this understanding of the role of reason, Objectivists hold that the initiation of physical force against the will of another is immoral, as are indirect initiations of force through threats, fraud, or breach of contract.

The basic reason is that no productive factor with a non-zero marginal product is left unutilized, and the units of each factor are so allocated as to yield the same indirect marginal utility in all uses, a basic efficiency condition ( if this indirect marginal utility were higher in one use than in other ones, a Pareto improvement could be achieved by transferring a small amount of the factor to the use where it yields a higher marginal utility ).

A further reason for abridgment is that Shakespeare assumed that his audiences would be familiar with the Henry VI plays, and frequently made indirect references to events in them, such as Richard's murder of Henry VI or the defeat of Henry's queen Margaret.

The reason for this is that static above ground forts can not survive modern direct or indirect fire weapons larger than mortars, RPGs and small arms.

The reason for continued confusion is that " both direct and indirect realism are frankly incredible, although each is incredible for different reasons ".

The reason that employees are often paid according to hours of work rather than by direct measurement of results is that it is often more efficient to use indirect systems of controlling the quantity and quality of effort, due to a variety of informational and other issues ( e. g., turnover costs, which determine the optimal minimum length of relationship between firm and employee ).

Though the primary reason for the conference, from the point of view of the colonial government, was the institution of indirect rule, the conference holds a very significant place in the history of Dagbon.

It is for this reason that car diesel engines were almost all indirect injection until the ready availability of powerful CFD simulation systems made the adoption of direct injection practical.

In the Vishnu, Vayu, and Padma Puranas, a curse that Durvasa laid upon Indra is described as the indirect reason for the famous churning of the ocean.

The Court ruled that the estate tax, as a transfer tax ( and not a tax on property by reason of its ownership ) was an indirect tax.

For some reason, I always thought it would be an indirect route ; I didn't know that it would be comedy and Saturday Night Live.

In all cases the activity against Af cells was spread over a wider area than that with Af cells, regardless of the type of test ( saline, albumin, indirect Coombs ) used for comparison.

( 3 ) In other experiments the indirect conjugate was treated with 3 volumes of ethyl acetate as recommended by Dineen and Ade ( 1957 ).

This conjugate was passed twice through Dowex-2-chloride and treated with various tissue powders in the same manner as described for the indirect method.

In the indirect method, this was evident from the fact that tumor sections were stained light green even when stained with NS and Af or with Af only.

The specific staining by both direct and indirect methods showed that WTV antigen was concentrated in the pseudophloem tissue and in a few thick-walled cells in the xylem region, but was not detectable in any other tissues of the root and stem tumors.

159 </ sup > Array indexing was originally done by self-modifying code, and later using index registers and indirect addressing.

Failure to address the economic and social disparities and increasing political awareness of the less-affluent population, as well as indirect intervention and economic funding to the main political groups by both the KGB and the CIA, as part of the Cold War, led to a political polarization under Socialist President Salvador Allende which in turn resulted in the 11 September 1973 coup and the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet, whose 17-year regime was responsible for numerous human rights violations and deep market-oriented economic reforms.

Membership in guilds was an indirect form of citizenship in that it helped their members succeed financially.

Generally a party will be accused of indirect contempt by the party for whose benefit the order was entered.

It was not until 1997, however, that a direct experiment, by S. Lamoreaux, described above, quantitatively measured the force ( to within 15 % of the value predicted by the theory ), although previous work van Blockland and Overbeek ( 1978 ) had observed the force qualitatively, and indirect validation of the predicted Casimir energy had been made by measuring the thickness of liquid Helium films by Sabisky and Anderson in 1972.

The superscalar complexity in the case of modern x86 was solved with dynamically issued and buffered micro-operations, i. e. indirect and dynamic superscalar execution ; the Pentium Pro and AMD K5 are early examples of this.

In short, it was an indirect insult by the Ottomans to the HRE and the Russians.

The government led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, conferred the additional title upon her by an Act of Parliament, reputedly to assuage the monarch's irritation at being, as a mere Queen, notionally inferior to her own daughter ( Princess Victoria was the wife of the reigning German Emperor ); the Indian Imperial designation was also formally justified as the expression of Britain succeeding as paramount ruler of the subcontinent the former Mughal ' Padishah of Hind ', using indirect rule through hundreds of princely states formally under protection, not colonies, but accepting the British Sovereign as their suzerain.

During this period, businessman and politician Henry Norris was the club chairman and curiously he had an indirect role in the foundation of Fulham's local rivals Chelsea F. C ..

The Cortes was to be elected by universal suffrage, albeit by an indirect method.

An indirect sequel, Hexen, was released a year later.

In the aftermath, all power was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown, which began to administer most of India as a number of provinces ; the John Company's lands were controlled directly, while it had considerable indirect influence over the rest of India, which consisted of the Princely states ruled by local royal families.

Although normally used to imply forcible imposition of a more powerful foreign government's control on a weaker country, or over conquered territory that was previously without a unified government, " imperialism " is sometimes also used to describe loose or indirect political or economic influence or control of weak states by more powerful ones.

( The Library of Alexandria in fact had an indirect cause in the creation of writing parchment — due to the library's critical need for papyrus, little was exported and thus an alternate source of copy material became essential.

The French policy of assimilation and direct rule, however, was never applied with any vigor in Mauritania, where a system that corresponded more to Britain's colonial policies of association and indirect rule developed.

The articulation of the primacy of embodiment led him away from phenomenology towards what he was to call “ indirect ontology ” or the ontology of “ the flesh of the world ” chair du monde, seen in his last incomplete work, The Visible and Invisible, and his last published essay, “ Eye and Mind ”.

Their purpose was to locate the enemy and direct and correct the indirect fire of artillery from the artillery fortifications as well as to report on the progress and position of key enemy units.

Mercenary-on-mercenary warfare in Italy led to relatively bloodless campaigns which relied as much on manoeuvre as on battles, since the condottieri recognized it was more efficient to attack the enemy's ability to wage war rather than his battle forces, discovering the concept of indirect warfare 500 years before Sir Basil Liddell Hart, and attempting to attack the enemy supply lines, his economy and his ability to wage war rather than risking an open battle, and manoeuvre him into a position where risking a battle would have been suicidial.

The government has focused on improving the collection of its current revenues with a focus on indirect taxes.

Anarcho-syndicalists believe that only direct action — that is, action concentrated on directly attaining a goal, as opposed to indirect action, such as electing a representative to a government position — will allow workers to liberate themselves.

In December 1934, a small group of nationalists — members of the newly formed Moroccan Action Committee ( Comité d ' Action Marocaine — CAM )— proposed a Plan of Reforms that called for a return to indirect rule as envisaged by the Treaty of Fès, admission of Moroccans to government positions, and establishment of representative councils.

In most Marxist-Leninist states this has taken the form of directly electing representatives to fill positions, though in some states ; such as China, Cuba, and the former Yugoslavia ; this system also included indirect elections such as deputies being elected by deputies as the next lower level of government.

5 ) At this point the government has an indirect control over the company, wants to promote market competition, and does not want to hinder the support “ for Televerket ’ s growth strategies ”.

However, the system of indirect election of president stayed and many military persons were appointed to highly ranked government positions, keeping the remnants of the Yushin era.

In Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad,, the Supreme Court ruled that ( 1 ) the Sixteenth Amendment removes the Pollock requirement that certain income taxes ( such as taxes on income " derived from real property " that were the subject of the Pollock decision ), be apportioned among the states according to population ; ( 2 ) the federal income tax statute does not violate the Fifth Amendment's prohibition against the government taking property without due process of law ; ( 3 ) the federal income tax statute does not violate the Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 requirement that excises, also known as indirect taxes, be imposed with geographical uniformity.

" State legislatures also retained the theoretical right to " instruct " their senators to vote for or against proposals, giving them both direct and indirect representation in the federal government.

The government owned no shares and had only indirect control.

Anarcho-syndicalists believe that only direct action — that is, action carried out by the workers themselves, which is concentrated on attaining a goal directly, as opposed to indirect action, such as electing a representative to a government position — will allow workers to liberate themselves.

Representatives sometimes hold the power to select other representatives, presidents, or other officers of government ( indirect representation ).

Hegemony (,, ;, “ leadership ”, “ rule ”) is an indirect form of government of imperial dominance in which the hegemon ( leader state ) rules geopolitically sub-ordinate states by the implied means of power, the threat of the threat, rather than by direct military force.

The authors of the Basic Law chose an indirect form of presidential election because they believed it would produce a head of state who was widely acceptable and yet at the same time insulated from public pressure and lacking in sufficient popular legitimacy to undermine other institutions of government.

Another explanation holds that the sea monster which could change shape is actually the Roman form of government ; and that the Merovingians and their Frankish legacy would indeed continue the legal and cultural tradition of the Roman Empire throughout Central and Northern Europe ( and thus the world ) in direct and indirect ways.

However, unlike a free-market economy, the government would wield considerable indirect influence over the economy through fiscal and monetary policies designed to counteract economic downturns and capitalism's tendency toward financial crises and unemployment, along with playing a role in interventions that promote social welfare.

In 1979 the French government took a 20 % share in Dassault and established the Societé de Gestion de Participations Aéronautiques ( SOGEPA ) to manage this and an indirect 25 % share in Aerospatiale ( the government also held a direct 75 % share in that company ).

* indirect government payments, such as radio and television licenses

This new government did have indirect representation, based on the Cadiz model.

Ehrhardt, who found refuge in Bavaria under the reactionary government of Gustav von Kahr ( itself an indirect product of the Kapp coup ) and there attempted to organize plots against the republican constitution and government of Germany.

In early 2003, the Republic of China ( ROC ) government permitted its air carriers to ferry Chinese New Year passengers back and forth across the Strait by way of " indirect charter flights " that touched down briefly in Hong Kong or Macau.