In plasma generators as currently commercially available for industrial use or as high temperature research tools often more than 50% of the total energy input is being transferred to the cooling medium of the anode.

It is obvious that the careful choice of photocathode which maximizes Af for a given input E ( in the case of the second stage, for the first phosphor screen emission ) is very important.

We have evaluated the `` matching integrals '' for two types of photocathodes ( S-11 and S-20 ) and three types of light input.

The luminous gain of the discussed tube was calculated from Eq. ( 6 ) for the 16 possible combinations of S-11 and S-20 photocathodes and P-11 and P-20 phosphor screens, for night light and P-20 light input.

In addition, the cutoff frequency for input accelerations is approximately proportional to the servo loop gain ; ;

Aided AAC makes great use of symbols, particularly for non-literate users, as well as a large variety of input methods.

This evaluation requires the input of family, particularly for early intervention.

While Zhuyin is not used as a mainstream writing system, it is still often used in ways similar to a romanization system — that is, for aiding in pronunciation and as an input method for Chinese characters on computers and cellphones.

" Thus Boolos and Jeffrey are saying that an algorithm implies instructions for a process that " creates " output integers from an arbitrary " input " integer or integers that, in theory, can be chosen from 0 to infinity.

: Precise instructions ( in language understood by " the computer ") for a fast, efficient, " good " process that specifies the " moves " of " the computer " ( machine or human, equipped with the necessary internally contained information and capabilities ) to find, decode, and then process arbitrary input integers / symbols m and n, symbols + and =

Typically, when an algorithm is associated with processing information, data is read from an input source, written to an output device, and / or stored for further processing.

In computer systems, an algorithm is basically an instance of logic written in software by software developers to be effective for the intended " target " computer ( s ), in order for the target machines to produce output from given input ( perhaps null ).

Sensory ataxia presents itself with an unsteady " stomping " gait with heavy heel strikes, as well as a postural instability that is usually worsened when the lack of proprioceptive input cannot be compensated for by visual input, such as in poorly lit environments.

This may be useful when, for example, multiple processing units may be assigned to discrete parts of the input.

The key size used for an AES cipher specifies the number of repetitions of transformation rounds that convert the input, called the plaintext, into the final output, called the ciphertext.

ANAC announces the caller's own number ; the reverse lookup gives the directory name for a listed telephone number input by the user.

In theoretical analysis of algorithms it is common to estimate their complexity in the asymptotic sense, i. e., to estimate the complexity function for arbitrarily large input.

It has been hypothesized that the portion of the brain responsible for processing stimulation from amputated limbs, being deprived of input, expands into the surrounding brain, ( Phantoms in the Brain: V. S. Ramachandran and Sandra Blakeslee ) such that an individual who has had an arm amputated will experience unexplained pressure or movement on his face or head.

Based on this definition, the drain efficiency cannot exceed 25 % for a class A amplifier that is supplied drain bias current through resistors ( because RF signal has its zero level at about 50 % of the input DC ).

The rise time, t < sub > r </ sub >, of an amplifier is the time taken for the output to change from 10 % to 90 % of its final level when driven by a step input.

Experiments and computational models in Multimodal integration have shown that sensory input from different senses is integrated in a statistically optimal way, in addition, it appears that the kind of inferences used to infer single sources for multiple sensory inputs uses a Bayesian inference about the causal origin of the sensory stimuli.

These models are black box systems, using mathematical and statistical concepts to link a certain input ( for instance rainfall ) to the model output ( for instance runoff ).

Project C, which has come to be known as the Lada 2116 or Lada Silhouette, is a family car jointly developed with input from both Porsche and Renault, is intended to finally replace the Classic models.

The approach has several features that make it unique: the models are implemented as computer programs, which enables clear-cut and quantitative predictions to be made ; they learn from naturalistic input, made of actual child-directed utterances ; they produce actual utterances, which can be compared with children's utterances ; and they have simulated phenomena in several languages, including English, Spanish, and German.

Increasingly, however, research has focused on statistical models, which make soft, probabilistic decisions based on attaching real-valued weights to the features making up the input data.

Such models are generally more robust when given unfamiliar input, especially input that contains errors ( as is very common for real-world data ), and produce more reliable results when integrated into a larger system comprising multiple subtasks.

Increasingly, however, research has focused on statistical models, which make soft, probabilistic decisions based on attaching real-valued weights to each input feature.

* Automatic learning procedures can make use of statistical inference algorithms to produce models that are robust to unfamiliar input ( e. g. containing words or structures that have not been seen before ) and to erroneous input ( e. g. with misspelled words or words accidentally omitted ).

Early models of the PDP-11 had no dedicated bus for input / output, but only a memory bus called the Unibus, as input and output devices were mapped to memory addresses.

In the equivalence of models of computability, a parallel is drawn between Turing machines which do not terminate for certain inputs and an undefined result for that input in the corresponding partial recursive function.

Wireframe models are also used as the input for CAM ( computer-aided manufacturing ).

The earliest models such as the Altair 8800 were often sold as kits to be assembled by the user, and came with as little as 256 bytes of RAM, and no input / output devices other than indicator lights and switches, useful as a proof of concept to demonstrate what such a simple device could do.

Most of them derive from early models formulated by David Marr and James Albus, which were motivated by the observation that each cerebellar Purkinje cell receives two dramatically different types of input: On one hand, thousands of inputs from parallel fibers, each individually very weak ; on the other hand, input from one single climbing fiber, which is, however, so strong that a single climbing fiber action potential will reliably cause a target Purkinje cell to fire a burst of action potentials.

These models allowed him to share his ideas with others, and gather input from other professionals.

Also added was a backport accessible DE-9 joystick connector, making it far easier for users to add and remove game and input devices ( previous models requiring plugging the joystick / paddles directly into a 16-pin DIP socket on the motherboard ; the IIe retained this connector for backwards compatibility ).

In the so-called behavioral system theoretic approach due to Willems ( see people in systems and control ), models considered do not directly define an input – output structure.

Space weather models differ from meteorological model in that amount of input is vastly smaller and no single space weather model yet can reliably predict the environment from the surface of the Sun to the bottom of the Earth's ionosphere.

Earlier models in this line ( the Rex and the Rex-3 ) had almost no input possibilities except to download data when installed in a host computer or in a docking station ; the Rex 5 added a sixth button and introduced a modal input method.

These models provide evidence that there may, in fact, be sufficient information contained in the input to learn language, even syntax.

Human emissions of GHGs are an external input to the models, although it would be possible to couple in an economic model to provide these as well.

They can capture mouse input and also have controls like buttons or check boxes.

The AGM-88 can detect, attack and destroy a radar antenna or transmitter with minimal aircrew input.

By sweeping this surface through R < sup > 3 </ sup > as a function of the ion sequence input data, such as via ion-ordering, a volume is generated onto which positions the 2D detector positions can be computed and placed three-dimensional space.

Some basic types of responsiveness such as reflexes can be mediated by the spinal cord or peripheral ganglia, but sophisticated purposeful control of behavior based on complex sensory input requires the information-integrating capabilities of a centralized brain.

One can also define an A-ary function where A is any set ; there is one input for each element of A.

To say that a system has a certain bandwidth means that the system can process signals of that bandwidth, or that the system reduces the bandwidth of a white noise input to that bandwidth.

In telecommunications and computing, a product or technology is backward or downward compatible if it can work with input generated by an older product or technology.

Positive feedback loops, such as the simple X activates Y and Y activates X motif, essentially links output signals to their input signals and have been noted to be an important regulatory motif in cellular signal transduction because positive feedback loops can create switches with an all-or-nothing decision.

Modern encryption methods can be divided by two criteria: by type of key used, and by type of input data.

Ciphers can be distinguished into two types by the type of input data:

The pinyin method can be learned rapidly but its maximum input rate is limited.

Image: Keyboard layout Zhuyin. svg | A typical keyboard layout for zhuyin on computers, which can be used as an input method

Image: Keyboard layout Chinese Traditional. png | Chinese ( traditional ) keyboard layout, a US keyboard with Zhuyin, Cangjie and Dayi key labels, which can all be used to input Chinese characters into a computer

The languages described by these grammars are exactly all languages that can be recognized by a linear bounded automaton ( a nondeterministic Turing machine whose tape is bounded by a constant times the length of the input.

A simple way to enforce prefix-free-ness is to use machines whose means of input is a binary stream from which bits can be read one at a time.

Changing modes, such as number lock, can make other input provided with a single keystroke.

The practice uses sensors to measure the output performance of the device being controlled ( often a vehicle ) and those measurements can be used to give feedback to the input actuators that can make corrections toward desired performance.

coefficients, a transfer function relating the input and output can be obtained by taking their Laplace transform.

The stability of a general dynamical system with no input can be described with Lyapunov stability criteria.

The mouse sometimes features other elements, such as " wheels ", which allow the user to perform various system-dependent operations, or extra buttons or features that can add more control or dimensional input.

In contrast, an instance of this problem is a rather concrete utterance, which can serve as the input for a decision problem.

In this way, a weak input from a distal synapse can be amplified by sodium and calcium currents en route to the soma so that the effects of distal synapse are no less robust than those of a proximal synapse.

* Vapor compression evaporation Commercial large-scale units can achieve around 72 effects with electrical energy input, according to manufacturers.