Throughout the postwar period, economic progress also was assisted substantially by a level of internal and external political stability unseen in other East European countries during the same period, that was also a change in Bulgarian political scene was a lot of turbulence preceded the ascent to power of the BCP.

Listed in order of development level and portability, they are: corporate ( internal ), product-specific, and profession-wide.

For example, changes in the internal level do not affect application programs written using conceptual level interfaces, which saves substantial change work that would be needed otherwise.

In summary, the conceptual is a level of indirection between internal and external.

On one hand it provides a common view of the database, independent of different external view structures, and on the other hand it is uncomplicated by details of how the data is stored or managed ( internal level ).

The conceptual view also determines the internal level ( which primarily deals with data layout in storage ) to a great extent.

While the conceptual and external levels design can usually be done independently of any DBMS ( DBMS-independent design software packages exist, possibly with interfaces to some specific popular DBMSs ), the internal level design highly relies on the capabilities and internal data structure of the specific DBMS utilized ( see the Implementation section below ).

It may be desired that also some aspects of the architecture internal level are maintained.

It also contains all the information needed ( e. g., metadata, " data about the data ", and internal data structures ) to reconstruct the Conceptual level and External level from the Internal level when needed.

It also contains all the information needed ( e. g., metadata, " data about the data ", and internal data structures ) to reconstruct the Conceptual level and External level from the Internal level when needed.

For example, one of IBM's FORTRAN compilers ( H Extended IUP ) had a level of optimization which reordered the machine code instructions to keep multiple internal arithmetic units busy simultaneously.

While the real values of the specific economic items generally stay the same in terms of relatively stable foreign currencies, in hyperinflationary conditions the general price level within a specific economy increases rapidly as the functional or internal currency, as opposed to a foreign currency.

The 386 had no such internal cache but like the i486 supported a slower off-chip cache ( level 2 cache ).

In addition to the authentication and acknowledgment procedures which precede and follow the sending of the go messages, again in special codes, each message also contains an `` internal authenticator '', another specific signal to convince the recipient that he is getting the real thing.

But the enmities it will incur, the isolation into which it will descend, and the internal moral and spiritual softness that will be engendered, will, in the long term, bring it to economic and political disaster.

Commonly used electronic devices which are found in practically every hospital are closed-circuit TV and audio systems for internal paging and instruction, along with radiation counters, timers, and similar devices.

Several years ago headlines were made by a small radio transmitter capsule which could be swallowed by the patient and which would then radio internal pressure data to external receivers.

If internal frictions arose, they could be handled by the 25,000-man Congolese army, the Force Publique, which had been trained and was still officered by white Belgians.

Tadpoles have cartilaginous skeletons, gills for respiration ( external gills at first, internal gills later ), lateral line systems and large tails which they use for swimming.

The classic example, considered by their American counterparts quite curious, was the maintenance of the internal comma in a British organisation of secret agents called the " Special Operations, Executive " — " S. O., E " — which is not found in histories written after about 1960.

By some estimates, this might account for most of the internal radiation damage, as the recoil nuclei are typically heavy metals which preferentially collect on the chromosomes.

A perfect crystal is one in which the internal lattice structure extends uninterrupted in all directions.

For a simple substance, during an adiabatic process in which the volume increases, the internal energy of the working substance must decrease

Other forms of agate include Lake Superior agate, carnelian agate ( exhibiting reddish hues ), Botswana agate, blue lace agate, plume agates, moss agate, tube agate ( with visible flow channels or pinhole-sized ' tubes '), fortification agate ( which exhibit little or no banding structure ), fire agate ( which has internal flash or ' fire ', the result of a layer of clear agate over a layer of hydrothermally-deposited hematite ), Mexican crazy-lace agate, which often exhibits a brightly colored, complexly banded pattern ( also called Rodeo Agate and Rosetta Stone depending on who owned the mine at the time ).

Scholars such as Dierk Lange attribute the decline of ancient Ghana to numerous unrelated factors, only one of which can be likely attributable to internal dynastic struggles that were instigated by Almalvorid influence and Islamic pressures, but devoid of any military conversion and conquest.

Partly for this reason, Alberta has never developed a large presence in the industries that have traditionally started industrialization in other places ( notably the original Industrial Revolution in Great Britain ) but which require large labour forces, and large internal markets or easy transportation to export markets, namely textiles, metallurgy, or transportation-related manufacturing ( automotives, ships, or train cars ).

Much of the story line revolves around various parties attacking or repairing ansibles, and around the internal politics of ISC ( InterStellar Communications ), which holds a monopoly on the ansible technology.

He fundamentally defined his arbitrary orientation for the cell as being that in which the internal current would run parallel to and in the same direction as a hypothetical magnetizing current loop around the local line of latitude which would induce a magnetic dipole field oriented like the Earth's.

This accompanied or facilitated other important evolutionary developments: the bilaterian body plan ; the coelom, an internal cavity that provided space for a circulatory system and, in some animals, formed a hydrostatic skeleton which enables worm-like animals to burrow ; metamerism, in which the body was built of repeated " modules " which could later specialize, for example the heads of most arthropods are composed of fused, specialized segments.

In aerodynamics, air is normally assumed to be a Newtonian fluid, which posits a linear relationship between the shear stress ( the internal friction forces ) and the rate of strain of the fluid.

Each of the Entities has its own Council of Ministers, which deal with internal matters not dealt with by the state Council.

Modern bicycle brakes may be: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims ; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs ; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.

Whether a concept analogous to the principle of internal responsibility operates in a nation's external relations is less obvious and more difficult to establish.

To him, law is the command of the sovereign ( the English monarch ) who personifies the power of the nation, while sovereignty is the power to make law -- i.e., to prevail over internal groups and to be free from the commands of other sovereigns in other nations.

And Zen Buddhism, though it is extremely difficult to understand how these internal contradictions are reconciled, helps them in their struggle to achieve personal salvation through sexual release.

Certainly it is not necessary to repeat that the United States has no intention of interfering in the internal affairs of any nation ; ;

Different parts of these cells sometimes absorb or reflect different wavelengths so that it is often possible to see internal portions of cells in a different color.

( B ) That because of the low viscosity of the fluid, the internal pressure is the same in all directions.

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on temperature only and is independent of pressure or volume.

As Loomis remarks, `` In the internal pattern the chief reason for interacting is to communicate liking, friendship, and love among those who stand in supporting relations to one another and corresponding negative sentiments to those who stand in antagonistic relations ''.

But there is also a firm aspect to lexicostatistics: the aspect of learning the internal organization of obvious natural genetic groups of languages as well as their more remote and elusive external links ; ;

For internal political reasons, the union asks for ( and accepts ) increases in the basic wage rate, and would vigorously oppose a reduction in this rate, but the adjustment of the basic wage rate upwards is essentially up to the discretion of the companies of the industry.

The aim is to collect a very broad range of physical, chemical, morphological, and structural data for crystals on an encyclopedic scale and to seek all possible useful and revealing correlations of properties with internal structure.

Basically, this means that simpler processing equipment ( the mixture has good flowing characteristics ) and less external heat ( the foaming reaction is exothermic and develops internal heat ) are required in one-shot foaming, although, at the same time, the problems of controlling the conditions of one-shot foaming are critical ones.

This relatively high value is probably due to the small fiber diameters increasing the number of internal reflections.

They differ from the cryptobranchids by having the prearticular bones in their lower jaw fused and reproduction is by internal fertilisation.

In caecilians, fertilisation is internal, the male extruding an intromittent organ, the phallodeum, and inserting it into the female cloaca.

In some fictional works, the difference between a robot and android is only their appearance, with androids being made to look like humans on the outside but with robot-like internal mechanics.

Stored data is regarded as part of the internal state of the entity performing the algorithm.

For most speakers ( even native speakers ), this form of the language is generally difficult to understand, as it contains many highly specialised terms for diplomatic, internal, official, and military matters.

Where a lake has formed within the basin, the water body is usually saline as a result of the internal drainage — the water has no outlet to the sea.

When the pressure applied on a parcel of air decreases, the air in the parcel is allowed to expand ; as the volume increases, the temperature falls and internal energy decreases.

Since this process does not involve any heat transfer or work, the First Law of Thermodynamics then implies that the net internal energy change of the system is zero.