" Capitalism ," as anarcho-capitalists employ the term, is not to be confused with state monopoly capitalism, crony capitalism, corporatism, or contemporary mixed economies, wherein market incentives and disincentives may be altered by state action.

With LAFTA in place existing productive capacity could be used more fully to supply regional needs, industries could reduce costs as a result of potential economies through expanded output and regional specialization, and attraction to new investment occurred as a result of the regional market area.

Initially, Stalin directed systems in the Eastern Bloc countries that rejected Western institutional characteristics of market economies, democratic governance ( dubbed " bourgeois democracy " in Soviet parlance ) and the rule of law subduing discretional intervention by the state.

The unified Canadian market and the introduction of railroads created a relative weakness in the Maritime economies.

Planned economies are in contrast to unplanned economies, i. e. the market economy and proposed self-managed economy, where production, distribution, pricing, and investment decisions are made by autonomous firms based upon their individual interests rather than upon a macroeconomic plan.

Although most economies today are market economies or mixed economies ( which are partially planned ), fully planned economies exist in the remaining few countries of Cuba, Libya, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Belarus, and Myanmar.

Mixed economies usually employ macroeconomic planning, while micro-economic affairs are left to the market and price system.

Critics of planned economies argue that planners cannot detect consumer preferences, shortages, and surpluses with sufficient accuracy and therefore cannot efficiently co-ordinate production ( in a market economy, a free price system is intended to serve this purpose ).

Firms combine labour and capital, and can achieve far greater economies of scale ( when the average cost per unit declines as more units are produced ) than individual market trading.

It is also a justification for free trade policies, since some economies of scale may require a larger market than is possible within a particular country — for example, it would not be efficient for Liechtenstein to have its own car maker, if they would only sell to their local market.

In this case, with perfect competition in the output market the long-run equilibrium will involve all firms operating at the minimum point of their long-run average cost curves ( i. e., at the borderline between economies and diseconomies of scale ).

Friedrich Hayek argues for the classical liberal view that market economies allow spontaneous order ; that is, " a more efficient allocation of societal resources than any design could achieve.

" According to this view, in market economies sophisticated business networks are formed which produce and distribute goods and services throughout the economy.

With the sharp growth of economies in the 20th century, and increasing foreign exchange, the world's gold reserves and their trading market have become a small fraction of all markets and fixed exchange rates of currencies to gold were no longer sustained.

Indonesia is the largest economy in Southeast Asia and is one of the emerging market economies of the world.

This has produced a manufacturing sector often focused on the export of niche market and luxury products, that if on one side is less capable to compete on the quantity, on the other side is more capable of facing the competition from emerging economies based on lower labour costs, with higher quality products.

Within the next century, however, European and Asian economies were slowly becoming integrated through the rise of new global trade routes ; and the early thrust of European political power, commerce, and culture in Asia gave rise to a growing trade in lucrative commodities — a key development in the rise of today's modern world free market economy

Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland had remained interested in Marshall aid despite the requirements for a convertible currency and market economies.

Overall the western market may be considered mature with a flat to declining overall volumes while there is strong growth in the emerging economies.

The kind of bridge hardware and software that becomes available for different technologies that are popular at the same time are often not developed for differing technologies in different times, because of the lack of a large demand for it and the lack of associated reward of a large market economies of scale, though some of this " glue " does get developed by vendors and enthusiasts of particular legacy technologies ( often called " retrocomputing " communities ).

China, South Korea, Italy, South Africa, and Germany are aggressively pursuing market opportunities in Eritrea.

His grandfather, also named Edward, had lost all of his assets as a result of the South Sea Bubble stock market collapse in 1720, but eventually regained much of his wealth, so that Gibbon's father was able to inherit a substantial estate.

In South Asia, it appears to have developed into a fully-fledged money market instrument, which was only gradually replaced by the instruments of the formal banking system in the first half of the 20th century.

Some restrictions preclude the South African market from following international trends, the local is restricted to local investment opportunities in terms of exchange control, the lack of regulated structures restricts the amount of exposure which the South African retirement fund industry has to hedge fund strategies and foreign investors are put off investing directly into South African hedge funds by adverse taxes and other obstacles.

Kumyoung and TJ Media, 2 large firms based in South Korea produces digital music ( MIDI ) contents and manufacture computer music players for the Asian market.

The Krugerrand kroo-guh-rahnd is a South African gold coin, first minted in 1967 to help market South African gold.

The coin, produced by the South African Mint, proved popular and by 1980 the Krugerrand accounted for 90 % of the global gold coin market.

With little over 3 % of world tourist arrivals ( and less than 2 % if one excludes South Africa ) Africa remains an undeveloped market in global terms.

In 2007, the economy of Malaysia was the 3rd largest economy in South East Asia and 28th largest economy in the world by purchasing power parity with gross domestic product for 2008 of $ 222 billion with a growth rate of 5 % to 7 % since 2007 Malaysia also accounts for two thirds of global $ 82. 2 billion sukuk market in 2007.

Ninety percent of Namibia's imports originate in South Africa, and many Namibian exports are destined for the South African market or transit that country.

Namibian manufacturing is inhibited by a small domestic market, dependence on imported goods, limited supply of local capital, widely dispersed population, small skilled labour force and high relative wage rates, and subsidised competition from South Africa.

New Zealand has a market economy that is greatly dependent on international trade, mainly with Australia, the European Union, the United States, China, South Korea and Japan.

South Korea has a market economy which ranks 15th in the world by nominal GDP and 12th by purchasing power parity ( PPP ), identifying it as one of the G-20 major economies.

Having almost no natural resources and always suffering from overpopulation in its small territory, which deterred continued population growth and the formation of a large internal consumer market, South Korea adapted an export-oriented economic strategy to fuel its economy, and in 2010, South Korea was the seventh largest exporter and tenth largest importer in the world.

Despite the South Korean economy's high growth potential and apparent structural stability, South Korea suffers perpetual damage to its credit rating in the stock market due to the belligerence of North Korea in times of deep military crises, which has an adverse effect on the financial markets of the South Korean economy.

This strategy was particularly well suited to that time because of South Korea's poor natural resource endowment, low savings rate, and tiny domestic market.

South Korea eventually became the world's dominant shipbuilder with a 50. 6 % share of the global shipbuilding market as of 2008. Notable Korean shipbuilders are Hyundai Heavy Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering, and STX Offshore & Shipbuilding, the world's four largest shipbuilding companies.

Although there were no startling developments in shotgun design this year, a number of new models and variations of existing models did hit the market.

But after all, can anyone imagine a market wherein the reverse of these things were true??

In a way, we may be witnessing the same thing in the sales of automobiles today as the public no longer is willing to purchase any car coming on the market but is more insistent on compact cars free of the frills which were accepted in the Fifties.

While the factories were always the center of the labor market, they were often on the city's periphery.

Second, the `` potato chip industry '' has caught the fancy of investors lately, and until Morton Foods came along there were only two potato chip stocks -- Frito and H. W. Lay -- on the market.

Both of those have had dynamic run-ups in price on the market in recent months, both were selling at higher price-earnings and yield bases than Morton was coming to market at, and everyone who knew anything about it expected the Morton stock to have a fast run-up.

Other reasons mentioned by one-third or more of the builders were `` resistance to high interest rates, cost advantage of buying over renting has narrowed, shelter market nearing saturation and prospects unable to qualify ''.

Let us look at the heavy-electrical-goods industry in which General Electric, Westinghouse and a number of other manufacturers were recently convicted of engaging in a conspiracy to rig prices and allocate the market.

His hands were swinging at his sides, and he passed through the dingy market place with his back straight and, pivoting on his heel, he entered an old stone building.

Portuguese explorer Paulo Dias de Novais founded Luanda in 1575 as " São Paulo de Loanda ", and the region developed as a slave trade market with the help of local Imbangala and Mbundu peoples who were notable slave hunters.

Where in the beginning locally found agates were used to make all types of objects for the European market, this became a globalized business around the turn of the 20th century: Idar-Oberstein imported large quantities of agate from Brazil, as ship's ballast.

Besides Carnegie ’ s market manipulation, United States trade tariffs were also working in favor of the steel industry.

Low-cost time base correctors ( TBC ) specifically designed to work with the Toaster quickly came to market, most of which were designed as standard Amiga bus cards.

At that time, early LAN systems were just coming to market, including Ethernet, Token Ring and ARCNET.

The series spawned a total of six distinct models: The CPC464, CPC664, and CPC6128 were highly successful competitors in the European home computer market.

By mid-2009 PCIe cards dominated the market ; AGP cards and motherboards were still produced, but OEM driver support was minimal.

The Abbey's monks were allowed to run a market and build a harbour.

A paddle controller and an updated self-centering version of the original controller were also in development, but never made it to market.

Because of the market success of the NES, companies chose to develop for it first and were thus barred from developing the same games on competing systems for two years.

It has been said that these studies require serious attention and that such effects were not clearly tested for by pharmaceutical companies prior to obtaining approval for placing the drugs on the market.

Wine coolers gained popularity in the U. S. market in the 1980s when Bartles and Jaymes began advertising their brand of wine coolers, which were followed by other brands, including when Bacardi introduced the Breezer.

There were several GUI-based BBSes on the Apple Macintosh platform, including TeleFinder and FirstClass, but these remained widely used only in the Mac market.

The island had 22 municipalities until March 1970, of which 6 were market cities and 16 parish municipalities.