Use of the term " shanty ," once this paradigm for singing had become a comprehensive practice for most tasks, incorporated all manner of shipboard work songs under its definition, regardless of style and origin.

Thus while European sailors had learned to put short chants to use for certain kinds of labor, the paradigm of a comprehensive system of developed work songs for most tasks may have been contributed by the direct involvement of or through the imitation of African-Americans.

The behavior of the horizon in this situation is a dissipative system that is closely analogous to that of a conductive stretchy membrane with friction and electrical resistance — the membrane paradigm.

It is from this feedback that the paradigm of the control loop arises: the control affects the system output, which in turn is measured and looped back to alter the control.

Hermann Bondi named the principle after Copernicus in the mid-20th century, although the principle itself dates back to the 16th-17th century paradigm shift away from the Ptolemaic system, which placed Earth at the center of the Universe.

" They noted that " the law of transformation of quantity into quality ", " holds that a new quality emerges in a leap as the slow accumulation of quantitative changes, long resisted by a stable system, finally forces it rapidly from one state into another ," a phenomenon described in some disciplines as a paradigm shift.

Brune states that Kraepelin's nosological system was ' to a great deal, built on the degeneration paradigm '.

The 20th century witnessed a shift from a master-apprentice paradigm of teaching of clinical medicine to a more " democratic " system of medical schools.

The beliefs and techniques of Magi vary enormously, and the ability to alter reality can only exist in the context of a coherent system of belief and technique, called a paradigm.

Historically, the use of neural networks models marked a paradigm shift in the late eighties from high-level ( symbolic ) artificial intelligence, characterized by expert systems with knowledge embodied in if-then rules, to low-level ( sub-symbolic ) machine learning, characterized by knowledge embodied in the parameters of a dynamical system.

Structuralism is a theoretical paradigm that emphasizes that elements of culture must be understood in terms of their relationship to a larger, overarching system or structure.

The logical progression from that paradigm is a system where that networking logic becomes applicable in every realm of daily activity, in every location and every context.

# Prototype: Launching of a first " cap-and-trade " system as part of the US Acid Rain Program in Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act, officially announced as a paradigm shift in environmental policy, as prepared by " Project 88 ", a network-building effort to bring together environmental and industrial interests in the US.

< Dictionary. com http :// dictionary. reference. com / browse / dogma >.</ ref > It serves as part of the primary basis of an ideology or belief system, and it can not be changed or discarded without affecting the very system's paradigm, or the ideology itself.

In the transition, a major shift in the vowel harmony paradigm occurred, long vowels developed, the case system was slightly reformed, and the verbal system was restructured.

The majority of quorum sensing systems that fall under the " two-gene " ( an autoinducer synthase coupled with a receptor molecule ) paradigm as defined by the Vibrio fischeri system occur in the Gram-negative Proteobacteria.

The " most decisive historical factor accelerating, channelling and shaping the information technology paradigm, and inducing its associated social forms, was / is the process of capitalist restructuring undertaken since the 1980s, so that the new techno-economic system can be adequately characterized as informational capitalism " ( Castells 2000: 18 ).

The paradigm of a tax system which rewards investment over consumption was accepted across the political spectrum, and no plan not rooted in supply-side economic theories has been advanced in the United States since 1982 ( with the exception of the Clinton tax increases of 1993 ) which had any serious chance of passage into law.

A " dominant paradigm " refers to the values, or system of thought, in a society that are most standard and widely held at a given time.

The following are conditions that facilitate a system of thought to become an accepted dominant paradigm:

In the past, the price difference between the two models has favored " scale up " computing for those applications that fit its paradigm, but recent advances in virtualization technology have blurred that advantage, since deploying a new virtual system over a hypervisor ( where possible ) is almost always less expensive than actually buying and installing a real one. Configuring an existing idle system has always been less expensive than buying, installing, and configuring a new one, regardless of the model.

A societal paradigm is an idea, a shared unstated assumption, or a system of thought that is the foundation of complex social structures.

A raster system requires much less processing power however, and was the prevailing paradigm at the time that QuickDraw was developed.

The former was built on the Xt Intrinsics toolkit common to X ; the latter used the same paradigm as the GUI libraries for Sun's earlier SunView window system, making it relatively easy to use it to migrate applications from SunView to X.

Applying the techniques developed at Harvard for generating a paradigm from a representative form and its classification, we can add all forms of a word to the dictionary at once.

The paradigm of a spherical Earth was developed in Greek astronomy, beginning with Pythagoras ( 6th century BC ), although most Pre-Socratics retained the flat Earth model.

Although it was based on the proof methods of logic, Planner, developed at MIT, was the first language to emerge within this proceduralist paradigm 1969.

Further, Willis wrote that the movement never developed " a coherent analysis of either male or female psychology " and that it ultimately raised hopes that its narrow " commitment to the sex-class paradigm " could not fulfill ; when those hopes were dashed, according to Willis the resulting despair was the foundation of withdrawal into counterculturalism and cultural feminism.

Conceptual clustering developed mainly during the 1980s, as a machine paradigm for unsupervised learning.

Initially post-processualism was primarily a reaction to and critique of processual archaeology, a paradigm developed in the 1960s by ' New Archaeologists ' such as Lewis Binford, and which had become dominant in Anglophone archaeology by the 1970s.

A third paradigm, developed over the past two or three decades, studies questions related to other subfields of anthropology with the tools of linguistic inquiry.

Redundant forms, however, are especially common in business, political and even academic language that is intended to sound impressive ( or to be vague so as to make it hard to determine what is actually being promised, or otherwise misleading ), For example: " This quarter, we are presently focusing with determination on an all-new, innovative integrated methodology and framework for rapid expansion of customer-oriented external programs designed and developed to bring the company's consumer-first paradigm into the marketplace as quickly as possible.

" " From the beginning biofeedback developed as a research-based approach emerging directly from laboratory research on psychophysiology and behavior therapy, The ties of biofeedback / neurofeedback to the biomedical paradigm and to research are stronger than is the case for many other behavioral interventions ” ( p. 151 ).

One of the core characteristics of services developed using service-orientation design paradigm is that they are composition-centric.

For instance, biologist Marc Bekoff developed a paradigm using dog urine for testing self-awareness in canines.

The sequence paradigm of screenwriting was developed by Frank Daniel.

In Haskell, this programming paradigm is developed into the applicative functor, which extends the higher-order functional abstraction beyond monad.

Value investing is an investment paradigm that derives from the ideas on investment that Ben Graham and David Dodd began teaching at Columbia Business School in 1928 and subsequently developed in their 1934 text Security Analysis.

As a result, a new command and control paradigm was collaboratively developed to provide a consistent, integrated framework for the management of all incidents from small incidents to large, multi-agency emergencies.

As a research method that emerged from the tradition of social constructionism and interpretive paradigm, autoethnography challenges the traditional social scientific methodology that emphasizes the criteria for quality in social research developed in terms of validity.

While similar signaling control mechanisms have been developed in other countries, what sets CTC apart is the paradigm of independent train movement between fixed points under the control and supervision of a central authority.

Over the course of the past several decades, these Protestant traditions have developed remarkably similar patterns of liturgy, drawing from ancient sources as the paradigm for developing proper liturgical expressions.

By the 1970s, the field of cross-cultural communication ( also known as intercultural communication ) developed as a prominent application of the cross-cultural paradigm, in response to the pressures of globalization which produced a demand for cross-cultural awareness training in various commercial sectors.

The IL Movement works at replacing the special education and rehabilitation experts ’ concepts of integration, normalization and rehabilitation with a new paradigm developed by people with disabilities themselves.

One analytical paradigm developed by linguists is known as the Ausbausprache-Abstandsprache-Dachsprache framework.