This type of farmer-labour co-operation became common throughout Western Canada, leading to the creation of the short-lived Progressive Party of Canada in the 1920s, and the more durable Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( Farmer-Labour-Socialist ) in Calgary, Alberta, in 1935, precursor to Canada's modern-day social democratic party, the New Democratic Party.

In modern-day Sudan, Muhammad Ahmad is sometimes seen as a precursor of Sudanese nationalism.

The Canton of Baden () was a canton of the Helvetic Republic ( a Napoleonic-era precursor of modern-day Switzerland ).

He was also the Secretary of the Alabama Territory, the position which was the precursor to the modern-day Secretary of State of Alabama.

Dianetics was the secular precursor to Hubbard's Church of Scientology.

Following the formation of baseball's first professional organization, the National Association of Professional Baseball Players, which became known as the National Association, the Association, or NA, in 1871, Spalding joined the Boston Red Stockings ( precursor club to the modern Atlanta Braves ) and was highly successful ; winning 206 games ( and losing only 53 ) as a pitcher and batting. 323 as a hitter.

The International Bible Students Association ( precursor to Jehovah's Witnesses ) identified Abaddon as Satan in the 1917 seventh and final volume of Millennial Dawn, to which Charles Taze Russell's name was attached ( although his authorship of the work is doubted ).

It is believed that a precursor of Artemis was worshiped in Minoan Crete as the goddess of mountains and hunting, Britomartis.

A precursor to the public bulletin board system was Community Memory, started in August, 1973 in Berkeley, California, using hardwired terminals located in neighborhoods.

It was also the first BBS to produce audio for its visitors, broadcasting news about screen printing and music in a pre-recorded method in what was the precursor to Internet Radio.

Blackjack's precursor was twenty-one, a game of unknown origin.

Another precursor was the early development of the theory of computation and the digital computer in the 1940s and 1950s.

However, the possibility of actually constructing a conscious machine was probably first discussed by Ada Lovelace, in a set of notes written in 1842 about the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, a precursor ( never built ) to modern electronic computers.

By 1935, the only significant independent nation that did not possess a central bank was Brazil, which subsequently developed a precursor thereto in 1945 and the present central bank twenty years later.

During World War I Wilkinson Sword transitioned from mail to a lamellar design which was the precursor to the flak jacket.

Engelbart's research was funded by DARPA, and SRI's ARC became involved with the ARPANET, the precursor of the Internet.

In some versions of Doom II, both of these secret levels incorporate level design and characters from Dooms precursor, Wolfenstein 3D, which was also developed by id.

At the age of 13, Hopper and his family moved to San Diego, where his mother worked as a lifeguard instructor and his father was a post office manager ( Hopper has acknowledged, though, that his father was in the Office of Strategic Services, the precursor to the Central Intelligence Agency, in China with Mao Zedong ).

DARPA has been responsible for funding the development of many technologies which have had a major effect on the world, including computer networking, as well as NLS, which was both the first hypertext system, and an important precursor to the contemporary ubiquitous graphical user interface.

DARPA also funded the development of the Douglas Engelbart's NLS computer system and The Mother of All Demos ; and the Aspen Movie Map, which was probably the first hypermedia system and an important precursor of virtual reality.

This work was a precursor of a modern formulation in terms of constructive type theory.

His work was a precursor to later artistic movements such as minimalism, repetitive music, and the Theatre of the Absurd.

A precursor to GUIs was invented by researchers at the Stanford Research Institute, led by Douglas Engelbart.

Galvanic paint, a precursor to hot-dip galvanization, was patented by Stanislas Sorel, of Paris, France in December, 1837.

The Byronic hero, in particular, was a key precursor to the male goth image, while Dracula's iconic portrayal by Bela Lugosi appealed powerfully to early goths.

Over the same period that Hellenism was spreading through the Mediterranean world, northern and western Europe were dominated by the La Tène culture, a precursor to the Celts that would populate the same area during the Roman age.

Francia, as this state is sometimes known, was divided into several parts, West Francia would evolve into the Kingdom of France, while East Francia would evolve into the Holy Roman Empire, a precursor to modern Germany.

In the early 1990s, studies indicated that emissions of SO < sub > 2 </ sub >, a sulfate precursor, from the Navajo Generating Station affected visibility in the Canyon mainly in the winter, and which if controlled would improve wintertime visibility by 2 to 7 %.

It was originally built as Iidamachi Station ( albeit in a slightly different location ), terminus of the then Kobu railway, precursor to today's Chūō Line.

This Phase 1 Program was a precursor to the International Space Station maintaining a continuous American presence in space and developing the procedures and hardware required for an international partnership in space.

He was responsible for a multi-national team which executed nine Shuttle docking missions to the Russian Space Station Mir, with seven astronauts spending 30 months cumulatively on board the Mir Station, plus all the associated science and docking hardware to ensure the success of the joint program, a precursor to the building of the joint International Space Station.

540A Harrison Ave, a vacant building, originally opened in 1891 as the Central Power Station for the West End Street Railway Company, the precursor to the MBTA.

The precursor ensemble of the BBC NOW was the Cardiff Station Orchestra, which was founded in 1928.

Developed by the US Naval Academy and NASA from 1987 to 1988, Longshot was designed to be built at Space Station Freedom, the precursor to the existing International Space Station.

The Shelikhov-Golikov company, precursor of the Russian-American Company, built a fort in Yakutat in 1795 to facilitate trade in sea otter pelts.

Its active use as a fort was short at only about 20 years, owing to technical changes in armaments, but it was a precursor of the later Palmerston Forts.

The Shelikhov-Golikov company, precursor of the Russian-American Company, built a fort on Yakutat Bay in 1795.

The precursor of present-day Wolgast was a Wendish stronghold, the fort Hologast ( alt.

Islamic law " departed from Justinian's Digest and the Nomos Rhodion Nautikos in condemning slave jettison ", and the Islamic Qirad was a precursor to the European commenda limited partnership. The " Islamic influence on the development of an international law of the sea " can thus be discerned alongside that of the Roman influence.

Indeed, precursor settlements to what is now Pembroke sprung up alongside the river's banks, and artifacts found there have been dated to the early Woodland period.

This was the precursor of another, three year stint with Ford, again alongside McRae, beginning with the 2000 season.

The party may be seen as a precursor to the Christian Social Union in Bavaria but alongside the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, the Bavaria Party ( Bayernpartei )-which has members elected to city councils in some Bavarian regions-and the Bavarian Centre Party ( bayerische Zentrumspartei ) were also refounded after the war and are explicitly claiming the historical heritage of the BVP.

Another precursor to the modern street newspaper was Cincinnati's Hobo News, which ran from 1915 to 1930 and featured writing from prominent labor and social activists as well as Industrial Workers of the World members, alongside contributions of oral history, creative writing, and artwork from hoboes, or itinerant beggars.

This task force is heavily implied to have been " Special Operations Group Echo: Black Ops 9 " -- the covert and international peace enforcing unit of the United Nations and the precursor of the Global Defense Initiative, one of the two main and iconic factions of the Tiberian series alongside the Brotherhood of Nod.

Many critics have placed The Confidence-Man alongside Melville's Moby-Dick and " Bartleby the Scrivener " as a precursor to 20th-century literary preoccupations with nihilism, existentialism, and absurdism.