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The radiation converts to heat which causes global warming, which is better known as the greenhouse effect.
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radiation and converts
Polonium solutions are first colored in pink by the Po < sup > 2 +</ sup > ions, but then rapidly become yellow because alpha radiation from polonium ionizes the solvent and converts Po < sup > 2 +</ sup > into Po < sup > 4 +</ sup >.
Acute neutron radiation, such as from a nuclear criticality accident, converts some of the stable < sup > 23 </ sup > Na in human blood to < sup > 24 </ sup > Na ; by measuring the concentration of < sup > 24 </ sup > Na in relation to < sup > 23 </ sup > Na, the neutron radiation dosage of the victim can be calculated.
These systems combine a photovoltaic cell, which converts electromagnetic radiation ( photons ) into electricity, with a solar thermal collector, which captures the remaining energy and removes waste heat from the PV module.
When material expelled in an initial normal supernova explosion meets dense nebular or material or dust close to the star, the shockwave converts kinetic energy efficiently into visible radiation.
Like all Tamaraneans, Starfire's alien physiology constantly absorbs ultraviolet radiation and converts it to energy for flight.
The pyrgeometer's thermopile detects the net radiation balance between the incoming and outgoing long wave radiation flux and converts it to a voltage according to the equation below.
A solar cell converts solar radiation into electrical energy that can then be used to light a bulb or power a computer.
Photoreceptors are capable of phototransduction, a process which converts light ( electromagnetic radiation ) into, among other types of energy, a membrane potential.
The overall luminous efficacy of a source is the product of how well it converts energy to electromagnetic radiation, and how well the emitted radiation is detected by the human eye.
Acute neutron radiation exposure ( e. g., from a nuclear criticality accident ) converts some of the stable in human blood plasma to.
The scintillator converts X-ray radiation to visible light, which is picked up by the camera and recorded.
radiation and heat
Radiation, therefore, is at an initial cost disadvantage even though only 1 to 10 per cent as much radiation energy as heat energy is required for radiopasteurization or radiosterilization.
The massive walls require a large and relatively long input of heat from the sun ( radiation ) and from the surrounding air ( convection ) before they warm through to the interior and begin to transfer heat to the living space.
One-part adhesives harden via a chemical reaction with an external energy source, such as radiation, heat, and moisture.
The binding of nuclear receptors by glucocorticoids, heat, radiation, nutrient deprivation, viral infection, hypoxia and increased intracellular calcium concentration, for example, by damage to the membrane, can all trigger the release of intracellular apoptotic signals by a damaged cell.
When exposed to sunlight, artificial light, or infrared radiation ( even the heat of a hand nearby can be enough ), the vanes turn with no apparent motive power, the dark sides retreating from the radiation source and the light sides advancing.
Infrared radiation in the spectral distribution of a black body is usually considered a form of heat, since it has an equivalent temperature, and is associated with an entropy change per unit of thermal energy.
Thus, any electromagnetic radiation can " heat " ( in the sense of increase the thermal energy termperature of ) a material, when it is absorbed.
Thermal radiation is an important mechanism of heat transfer.
Transfer of thermal energy by heat occurs by both of these mechanisms: heat can be transferred by electromagnetic radiation, or by physical contact in which direct particle-particle impacts transfer kinetic energy.
These techniques use convection, conduction, & radiation of heat energy.
There are many biochemical consequences to the heat shock response within the cell, including slowed cell division and increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation therapy.
A primary explosive is an explosive that is extremely sensitive to stimuli such as impact, friction, heat, static electricity, or electromagnetic radiation.
FLARE initiators can ignite propellants through the release of plasma, or even through the use of ultraviolet heat radiation.
Current areas of study include how plasma will affect the propellant through radiation, the deliverance of mechanical energy and heat directly and by driving gas flow.
Eventually, the civilization would completely enclose the star, intercepting electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from visible light downwards and radiating waste heat outwards as infrared radiation.
Hoar frost ( also called radiation frost or hoarfrost or pruina ) refers to the white ice crystals, loosely deposited on the ground or exposed objects, that form on cold clear nights when heat losses into the open skies cause objects to become colder than the surrounding air.
Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity and reflects infrared radiation strongly.
The mechanism is named after the effect of solar radiation passing through glass and warming a greenhouse, but the way it retains heat is fundamentally different as a greenhouse works by reducing airflow, isolating the warm air inside the structure so that heat is not lost by convection.
Simple presentations of the greenhouse effect, such as the idealized greenhouse model, show this heat being lost as thermal radiation.
radiation and which
for a dose of radiation is not like a flu virus which causes temporary discomfort and then dies.
The lack of scientific unanimity on the effects of radiation is due in part to insufficient data covering large population groups, from which agreed-on generalizations could be drawn.
Radiation instruments suitable for home use are available, and would be of value in locating that portion of the home which offers the best protection against fallout radiation.
Commonly used electronic devices which are found in practically every hospital are closed-circuit TV and audio systems for internal paging and instruction, along with radiation counters, timers, and similar devices.
A completely new insight into living cells and their structure will be possible by use of a new technique which replaces visible light with ultraviolet radiation and combines a microscope with a color-TV system to view the results.
Three different wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation are selected by the variable filters placed in front of the three mercury xenon lights which serve as the ultraviolet sources.
Mars has been observed twice at about 3-cm wave length, and the intensity of the observed radiation is in reasonable agreement with the thermal radiation which might be predicted on the basis of the known temperature of Mars.
Piddington and Minnett explained their observations by pointing out that rocklike materials which are likely to make up the surface of the moon would be partially transparent to radio waves, although opaque to infrared radiation.
Steady radiation which was presumably of thermal origin was observed from Venus at 3.15 and 9.4 cm, and from Mars and Jupiter at 3.15 cm in 1956 ( Mayer, McCullough, and Sloanaker, 1958, A, B, C ), and from Saturn at 3.75 cm in 1957 ( Drake and Ewen, 1958 ).
The measurements made with the NRL 50-foot reflector, which is altitude-azimuth-mounted, would have shown a systematic change with local hour angle in the measured intensities of Venus and Jupiter if a substantial part of the radiation had been linearly polarized.
The received radiation is compared with the radiation from a hypothetical black body which subtends the same solid angle as the visible disk of the planet.
The apparent black-body disk temperature is the temperature which must be assumed for the black body in order that the intensity of its radiation should equal that of the observed radiation.
The radio radiation of the sun which is reflected from the moon and planets should be negligible compared with their thermal emission at centimeter wave lengths, except possibly at times of exceptional outbursts of solar radio noise.
This temperature was taken as environmental temperature to which the anode holder was exposed as far as radiation is concerned.
Wyatt and Whipple, 1950 ), which is a retardation of the orbital motion of particles by the relativistic aberration of the repulsive force of the impinging solar radiation, causes the dust to spiral into the sun in times much shorter than the age of the Earth.
Exceptions are Lambertian surfaces, which scatter radiation in all directions according to a cosine function, so their albedo does not depend on the incident distribution.
The briefness of this period and the swiftness with which radiation took place would help account for the relative scarcity of primitive amphibian fossils.
Most eggs contain the pigment melanin which raises their temperature through the absorption of light and also protects them against ultraviolet radiation.
The higher value for alpha radiation is generally attributable to the high linear energy transfer ( LET ) coefficient, which is about one ionization of a chemical bond for every angstrom of travel by the alpha particle.
By some estimates, this might account for most of the internal radiation damage, as the recoil nuclei are typically heavy metals which preferentially collect on the chromosomes.
The radiation then passes through a monochromator in order to separate the element-specific radiation from any other radiation emitted by the radiation source, which is finally measured by a detector.
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