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The term " dictator " is comparable to, but not synonymous with, the ancient concept of a tyrant ; initially " tyrant ", like " dictator ", did not carry negative connotations.
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term and dictator
Although his term lasted only six months instead of twelve ( except for the Dictatorships of Sulla and Caesar ), all other magistrates reported to the dictator ( except for the tribunes of the plebs-although they could not veto any of the dictator's acts ), granting the dictator absolute authority in both civil and military matters throughout the Republic.
Like the term " tyrant " ( which was originally a respectable Ancient Greek title ), and to a lesser degree " autocrat ", " dictator " came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive, even abusive rule, yet had rare modern titular uses.
In modern usage, the term " dictator " is generally used to describe a leader who holds and / or abuses an extraordinary amount of personal power, especially the power to make laws without effective restraint by a legislative assembly.
In general, the term " dictator " came to be a negative term, not a title used by rulers to call themselves but a term used by the foes of an oppressive ruler.
But Carías, by then a virtual dictator, wanted even more, so in 1939 the legislature, now completely controlled by the PNH, obediently extended his term in office by another six years ( to 1949 ).
The second well-known incident of a leader extending his term indefinitely was Roman dictator Julius Caesar, who made himself " Perpetual Dictator " ( commonly mistranslated as ' Dictator-for-life ') in 45 BC.
The term ' an authoritarian regime ' denotes a state in which the single power holder-an individual ' dictator ', a committee or a junta or an otherwise small group of political elite-monopolizes political power.
* March 11 – Chilean military dictator Augusto Pinochet is sworn in as President of Chile for another 8-year term.
* 439 BC: Cincinnatus again becomes dictator of the Roman Republic ; during his term he defeats the Volsci.
* Julius Caesar, Roman dictator ( lived 100 – 44 BC, term 46 – 44 BC )
In November 1936 the term " axis " was used by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini when he spoke of a Rome-Berlin axis arising out of the treaty of friendship signed between Italy and Germany on 25 October 1936.
During his term as dictator, Julius Caesar enacted laws that required the publication of Senate resolutions.
He came out of retirement again for a second term as dictator ( 439 BC ) to put down a conspiracy of Spurius Maelius, who supposedly was planning to become king.
One of the most well-known incidents of a republican leader extending his term indefinitely was Roman dictator Julius Caesar, who made himself " Perpetual Dictator " in 45 BC.
Traditionally, the office of dictator could only be held for six months, and although he was not the first Roman dictator to be given the office with no term limit, it was Caesar's dictatorship that inspired the string of Roman emperors who ruled after his assassination.
However, De Gaulle was pushed in the short term to decide in favour of Jean Moulin's proposal as he still struggled to show the Allies that he was not a dictator.
The term was also used by Gabriele d ' Annunzio as dictator of the self-proclaimed Italian Regency of Carnaro in 1920, and most significantly by the Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini.
term and is
It became the sole `` subject '' of `` international law '' ( a term which, it is pertinent to remember, was coined by Bentham ), a body of legal principle which by and large was made up of what Western nations could do in the world arena.
So in these pages the term `` technology '' is used to include any and all means which could amplify, project, or augment man's control over himself and over other men.
It is of the utmost importance to the people of America and of the world how their governing President `` ends up '' during the four years of his term.
Only when that term is ended and he is a private citizen again can he be permitted the freedom and the courage to discount the dangers of his death.
`` I may possibly be a greater risk than is the normal person of my age '', the President had said on February 29th of the election year, ignoring the fact that no one of his age had ever lived out another term.
Let us not confuse the issue by labeling the objective or the method `` psychoanalytic '', for this is a well established term of art for the specific ideas and procedures initiated by Sigmund Freud and his followers for the study and treatment of disordered personalities.
Mr. Wagner might or might not be a `` new '' Mayor in this third term, now that he is free of the pressure of those party leaders whom he calls `` bosses ''.
This is done at varying speeds, ranging from the slow and fast Shifte Telli ( a musical term meaning double strings ) to the fastest, ecstatic Karshilama ( meaning greetings or welcome ).
the term of loans for working capital is 6 years.
Interim financing of construction costs is provided by a short term loan from The Chase Manhattan Bank.
For the near term, however, it must be realized that the industrial and commercial market is somewhat more sensitive to general business conditions than is the military market, and for this reason I would expect that any gain in 1961 may be somewhat smaller than those of recent years ; ;
If you would feel happier with full collision insurance, there is a small additional charge, again varying from country to country and depending on the term of such insurance.
The collective by which I address you in the title above is neither patronizing nor jocose but an exact industrial term in use among professional thieves.
for, using the fact that N and N' commute Af and so when R is sufficiently large every term in this expression for Af will be 0.
The only other one I shall mention here is his use of the term capitalism.
This is not, however, the case, and development is a term which we can apply to Hardy only in a very limited sense.
`` Disaffiliation '', by the way, is the term used by the critic and poet, Lawrence Lipton, who has written several articles on this subject, the first of which, in The Nation, quoted as Epigraph: `` We disaffiliate.
This term refers to the ability of a material to resist bending stress and is determined by measuring the load required to cause failure by bending.
Incumbent Richard Salter seeks re-election and is opposed by Donald Huffman for the five-year term.
The term " anthropology " is from the Greek anthrōpos (), " man ", understood to mean humankind or humanity, and-logia (- λογία ), " discourse " or " study.
In some European countries, all cultural anthropology is known as ethnology ( a term coined and defined by Adam F. Kollár in 1783 ).
As amoebas themselves are polyphyletic and subject to some imprecision in definition, the term " amoeboid " does not provide identification of an organism, and is better understood as description of locomotion.
term and comparable
The term pagan is a Christian adaptation of the " gentile " of Judaism, and as such has an inherent Abrahamic bias, and pejorative connotations among monotheists, comparable to heathen and infidel.
The nontrivial zeros, namely those on the critical strip, can potentially be of an asymptotic order comparable to the main term x if, so we need to show that all zeros have real part strictly less than 1.
The aos sí (, "", older form aes sídhe ), "") is the Irish Gaelic term for a supernatural race in Irish mythology and Scottish mythology comparable to the fairies or elves.
In a broader sense, a prime minister can be used loosely to refer to various comparable positions under a Head of State that is an absolute monarch ( especially is the case of ancient or feudal eras, so the term " prime minister ", in this case, could be considered an anachronism ).
Other scenes, especially in genre painting, have been seen as either closely comparable to their equivalents set in modern-day or historical Europe, or as also reflecting an Orientalist mind-set in the Saidian sense of the term.
At the end of his term, Argentina's country risk premium was a low 6. 10 percentage points above yield on comparable US Treasuries.
Hence, by Late Antiquity the term " eunuch " had come to be applied not only to castrated men, but also to a wide range of men with comparable behavior, who had " chosen to withdraw from worldly activities and thus refused to procreate ".
Originally a specific class of poet, contrasting with another class known as fili in Ireland and Highland Scotland, the term " bard ", with the decline of living bardic tradition in the modern period, acquired generic meanings of an epic author / singer / narrator, comparable with the terms in other cultures ( minstrel, skald, scop, rhapsode, udgatar, griot, ashik ) or any poets, especially famous ones.
Chemical bonding is likely to change under high pressure, when the P * V term in the free energy becomes comparable to the energies of typical chemical bonds-i. e.
At that time, Medberry and his neighbors were referred to as " clamdiggers ", a derogatory term comparable to the pejorative hayseed.
* Natural Terminal Port, an Australian term referring to pricing of commodities roughly comparable to Ex Works at the nearest port or railway station
Among Scientologists, the term is pejorative, and comparable in meaning to heretic.
" Second Superpower " is a term used to conceptualize a global civil society as a world force comparable to or counterbalancing the United States.
The term is also used to describe comparable collusion in other political entities such as the German Empire ( prior to and through the first world war ), Britain, France and ( post-Soviet ) Russia.
Other advocates of the significance of the term argue that anti-Americanism represents a coherent and dangerous ideological current, comparable to anti-Semitism.
As such, their characterization as " espresso " machines is at times contentious, but due to their use of pressure and steam for brewing, comparable to all espresso prior to the 1948 Gaggia, they are accepted within broader uses of the term, but distinguished from standard modern espresso machines.
A Studentenverbindung ( comparable to fraternities in the US or Canada ) is the umbrella term that includes the Burschenschaften, Landsmannschaften, Turnerschaften, Sängerschaften, Corps, Catholic Corporations, Wingolf and Ferialverbindungen ; also often just Verbindung.
The term was first used by local news media in the aftermath of the 1991 Oakland firestorm, to distinguish it from the comparable, and more familiar, hot dry wind in Southern California known as the Santa Ana wind.
This term particularly applies to AIs which have the potential to significantly impact humanity, such as those with intelligence comparable to or exceeding that of humans (" superintelligence "; see strong AI and technological singularity ).
The comparable term in the Anglican and Episcopal churches is Lay Reader.
Note, however, that if the sum can be performed in twice the precision, then ε is replaced by ε < sup > 2 </ sup > and naive summation has a worst-case error comparable to the O ( nε < sup > 2 </ sup >) term in compensated summation at the original precision.
He further asserted that it was a term to apply a concrete definition to ninjas ' ability to use jutsu in Naruto, and was comparable to the Force in Star Wars or to magic points in role-playing games.
In more recent times, especially with the introduction and growth of the Internet, High Street may also be interchangeable with the term " bricks and mortar business " in the United Kingdom ( note the spelling with the " s ", comparable to the United States term " brick and mortar "), referring to the material used in the construction of a retail shopfront operation versus an online Internet operation.
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