For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure ( that is to say, sound ) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding fluctuations in the current produced by a coil in an electromagnetic microphone, or the voltage produced by a condensor microphone.

Many automotive Hall effect sensors have a built-in internal NPN transistor with an open collector and grounded emitter, meaning that rather than a voltage being produced at the Hall sensor signal output wire, the transistor is turned on providing a circuit to ground through the signal output wire.

The principle behind cold cathode version is the same, except that electrons are produced in the discharge of a high voltage.

Early analog synthesizers were usually monophonic ( capable of playing only one note at a time ), and controlled via a voltage produced by their keyboards.

* Coil protection – suppress the surge voltage produced when switching the coil current

The conductivity is varied by the electric field that is produced when a voltage is applied between the gate and source terminals ; hence the current flowing between the drain and source is controlled by the voltage applied between the gate and source.

At the power stations the energy is produced at a relatively low voltage between about 2. 3 kV and 30 kV, depending on the size of the unit.

The alternating current signal produced by the flow of this charge is amplified and used as an analogue for the DC voltage applied to the capacitor.

* If the high and low signal levels have the same voltage with opposite polarity, coded signals have zero average DC voltage, thus reducing the necessary transmitting power and minimizing the amount of electromagnetic noise produced by the transmission line.

Electromagnetic noise is produced in the source due to rapid current and voltage changes, and spread via the coupling mechanisms described earlier.

The voltage and frequency of the power produced by a generator depends on the rotational speed.

Some forms of DC ( such as that produced by a voltage regulator ) have almost no variations in voltage, but may still have variations in output power and current.

If otherwise, it indicates that the voltage isn't increasing linearly, and therefore that the magnetic field produced by the deflection yoke is not linear.

It has been proposed therefore to heat such materials simultaneously throughout their mass by means of the dielectric loss produced in them when they are subjected to a high voltage, high frequency field.

Depending upon the type of end-use, this type of DC current may then be further modified into the type of relatively constant voltage DC characteristically produced by such sources as batteries and solar cells.

Alternatively ( and some would say properly, in the context of electrocardiography ), the word lead may refer to the tracing of the voltage difference between two of the electrodes and is what is actually produced by the ECG recorder.

Inter-operation with RS-232 devices may be impossible as the serial port cannot withstand the voltage levels produced and may have other differences that " lock in " the user to products of a particular manufacturer.

It produced a small DC voltage.

The voltage produced is proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions.

The voltage difference, V, produced across the terminals of an open circuit made from a pair of dissimilar metals, A and B, whose two junctions are held at different temperatures, is directly proportional to the difference between the hot and cold junction temperatures, T < sub > h </ sub > − T < sub > c </ sub >.

This is used as a reference for comparing the ohmic heating and the electrical energy obtained from the measured current through the element and the measured voltage across the element.

The opening action is obtained when a capacitor, charged to high voltage, is suddenly discharged through the foil.

The purpose of the present study is to study the thermal conditions and to establish an energy balance for a transpiration cooled anode as well as the effect of blowing on the arc voltage.

Let us also assume the existence of only one class or type of service, all of which is supplied at the same voltage, phase, etc. to residential, commercial, and industrial customers.

In the system shown in Fig. 7-1, the accelerometer output is amplified and the resulting voltage is applied to the gyro output-axis torquer.

The voltage Af is amplified by Af and applied to the gyro torquer with scale factor Af.

The turning is accomplished by applying voltage to the gyro torquers described above.

The current drawn by typical constant-voltage energy distribution systems is usually dictated by the power ( watts ) consumed by the system and the operating voltage.

so it follows that if the voltage is doubled and the power remains the same, the current will be halved .</ ref >

The voltage or the current is said to be an " analog " of the sound.

Thus, an analog signal is one represented by a continuous stream of data, in this case along an electrical circuit in the form of voltage, current or charge changes ( compare with digital signals below ).

Internally the positively charged cations are flowing away from the anode ( even though it is negative and therefore would be expected to attract them, this is due to electrode potential relative to the electrolyte solution being different for the anode and cathode metal / electrolyte systems ); but, external to the cell in the circuit, electrons are being pushed out through the negative contact and thus through the circuit by the voltage potential as would be expected.

When a positive voltage is applied to anode of the diode from the circuit, more holes are able to be transferred to the depleted region, and this causes the diode to become conductive, allowing current to flow through the circuit.

A high voltage is applied across the anode and cathode, resulting in an ionization of the fill gas.

Digital ammeter designs use an analog to digital converter ( ADC ) to measure the voltage across the shunt resistor ; the digital display is calibrated to read the current through the shunt.

They must not be connected to a source of voltage ; they are designed for minimal burden, which refers to the voltage drop across the ammeter, which is typically a small fraction of a volt.

The voltage output from these anemometers is thus the result of some sort of circuit within the device trying to maintain the specific variable ( current, voltage or temperature ) constant.

When the system is idle, the CPU clocks itself down via lower bus multiplier and selects a lower voltage.

When a program demands more computational resources, the CPU quickly ( there is some latency ) returns to an intermediate or maximum speed with appropriate voltage to meet the demand.

It blocks voltage dependent sodium channels.

* Equine hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis as well as Human hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis ( HyperPP ) are caused by a defect in voltage dependent sodium channels.

In any case, the severity of the wear is strictly dependent on the technological parameters used in the operation ( for instance: polarity, maximum current, open circuit voltage ).

Another example of voltage dependent capacitance occurs in semiconductor devices such as semiconductor diodes, where the voltage dependence stems not from a change in dielectric constant but in a voltage dependence of the spacing between the charges on the two sides of the capacitor.

Hexokinases I and II can associate physically to the outer surface of the external membrane of mitochondria through specific binding to a porin, or voltage dependent anion channel.

When voltage is applied along the gel, proteins migrate through it at different speeds dependent on their size.

Using grids on both sides cancels out voltage dependent part of non-linearity but leaves charge ( attractive force ) dependent part.

When there are no dependent sources ( all current and voltage sources are independent ), there are two methods of determining the Norton impedance R < sub > No </ sub >.

If there are dependent sources in the circuit, another method must be used such as connecting a test source across A and B and calculating the voltage across or current through the test source.

The frequency of oscillation is dependent on the reflector voltage, and varying this provides a crude method of frequency modulating the oscillation frequency, albeit with accompanying amplitude modulation as well.

The voltage across the capacitor, which is time dependent, can be found by using Kirchhoff's current law, where the current through the capacitor must equal the current through the resistor.

In addition, the spark voltage is also dependent on contact effectiveness, and poor sparking can lead to lower engine efficiency.

Thus, the effective surge energy absorption capacity of the entire system is dependent on the MOV with the lowest clamping voltage, and the additional MOVs do not provide any further benefit.

At the output the dependent voltage source delivers voltage A < sub > v </ sub > V < sub > A </ sub >

In general, a postsynaptic potential is dependent on the type and combination of receptor channel, reverse potential of the postsynaptic potential, action potential threshold voltage, ionic permeability of the ion channel, as well as the concentrations of the ions in and out of the cell ; this determines if it is excitatory or inhibitory.

Another variant is to use diodes or resistors, but neither diodes ( e. g. Metal insulator metal diodes ), nor non-linear voltage dependent resistors ( i. e. varistors ) are currently used.

Voltage-gated ion channels, also known as voltage dependent ion channels, are channels whose permeability is influenced by the membrane potential.

Recovery from an action potential is partly dependent on a type of voltage-gated potassium channel that is closed at the resting voltage level but opens as a consequence of the large voltage change produced during the action potential.

The voltage is theoretically dependent on the logarithm of the ionic activity, according to the Nernst equation.