These molecules mark the cell for phagocytosis by cells possessing the appropriate receptors, such as macrophages.

These techniques allowed for the discovery and detailed analysis of many molecules and metabolic pathways of the cell, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle ( citric acid cycle ).

These molecules recognize specific reactant molecules called substrates ; they then catalyze the reaction between them.

These other types of substances, such as ionic compounds and network solids, are organized in such a way as to lack the existence of identifiable molecules per se.

These cylindrical carbon molecules have unusual properties, which are valuable for nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science and technology.

These were however used as abbreviations in diagrams or procedures ; there was no concept of atoms combining to form molecules.

These methods can be applied to proteins and other large biological molecules, and allow studies of the approach and interaction ( docking ) of potential drug molecules ( e. g. and ).

These pores cross both of the membranes, providing a channel that allows free movement of small molecules and ions.

These atomic orbitals are known to have specific angular relationships between each other, and thus the valence bond model can successfully predict the bond angles observed in simple molecules.

These perturbations result in different arrangement of electrons in the excited state of the involved molecules and therefore in different effects.

These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.

These and similar names for the ends of the carotenoid molecules form the basis of a systematic naming scheme, according to which:

These pores are about 120 nm in diameter and regulate the passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm, permitting some to pass through the membrane, but not others.

These synthetic molecules can be used not only in medicine, but in creation of new materials.

These channels are gated so they can open and close, thus regulating the flow of ions or small polar molecules.

These techniques, generally known as recombinant DNA technology, use DNA molecules from different sources, which are combined into one molecule to create a new set of genes.

These sequences are recognized by spliceosomal RNA molecules when the splicing reactions are initiated.

These interactions tend to align the molecules to increase the attraction ( reducing potential energy ).

These porins form channels that allow molecules 5000 Daltons or less in molecular weight to freely diffuse from one side of the membrane to the other.

These energy-rich molecules are produced within the matrix via the citric acid cycle but are also produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis.

These forms are called furanoses and pyranoses, respectively — by analogy with furan and pyran, the simplest compounds with the same carbon-oxygen ring ( although they lack the double bonds of these two molecules ).

These RNA molecules are chemically and thermodynamically stable, able to remain intact in the mouse body for more than 8 hours and to resist degradation by RNase in the blood stream.

These fields frequently overlap, but tend to use different methodologies and techniques.

These warning colours tend to be red or yellow combined with black, with the fire salamander ( Salamandra salamandra ) being an example.

These alcohols are called fusel alcohols or fusel oils in brewing and tend to have a spicy or peppery flavor.

These intermetallic alloys appear homogeneous in crystal structure, but tend to behave heterogeneous, becoming hard and somewhat brittle.

These techniques also tend to form the backbone of most undergraduate analytical chemistry educational labs.

These persons generally have increased energy and tend to become more active than usual.

These longer chain acids tend to be rather soluble in less-polar solvents such as ethers and alcohols.

These range in diameter from a few tens of meters up to about 300 km, and they range in age from recent times ( e. g. the Sikhote-Alin craters in Russia whose creation were witnessed in 1947 ) to more than two billion years, though most are less than 500 million years old because geological processes tend to obliterate older craters.

These dialects have roots in 17th-century English and African languages ; unlike most native varieties of English, West Indian dialects often tend to be syllable-timed rather than stress-timed.

These crankshafts tend to be very expensive due to the large amount of material that must be removed with lathes and milling machines, the high material cost, and the additional heat treatment required.

These myths tend to emphasize creative forces as animistic in nature rather than sexual, and depict the sacred as the elemental and integral component of the natural world.

These films tend to feature people as products of their environment, and lean towards the avant-garde.

These " politically neutral " groups tend to avoid global conflicts and view the settlement of inter-human conflict as separate from regard for nature-in direct contradiction to the ecology movement and peace movement which have increasingly close links: While Green Parties and Greenpeace, and groups like the ACTivist Magazine for example, regard ecology, biodiversity and an end to non-human extinction as absolutely basic to peace, the local groups may not, and may see a high degree of global competition and conflict as justifiable if it lets them preserve their own local uniqueness.

These Churches do not practice Communion with any other Orthodox jurisdictions nor do they tend to recognize each other.

These forces will be different depending on how often data is used, so that seldom-used data will tend to be on just a few nodes which specialize in providing that data, and frequently used items will be spread widely throughout the network.

These unpaired dipoles ( often called simply " spins " even though they also generally include angular momentum ) tend to align in parallel to an external magnetic field, an effect called paramagnetism.

These movements or styles tend to classify the artists by their relationship to their social and economic contexts, since, in most countries, graffiti art remains illegal in many forms except when using non-permanent paint.

These students are inclined to infer from these inconsistencies that both manuscripts may represent an exercise in forensic falsification, and they tend to locate their place of origin as Rome.

These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to require less workforce and, this way, developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the secondary and tertiary sectors.

These Australians of Irish background did not tend to regard Ireland as their " mother country "-primarily because few had a wish to return to a home they had left in search of a better life.

These gases tend to be very hazardous.

These minerals tend to be soft, weak, brittle, and water-soluble.

These micronations tend to have a reasonably serious intent, and often involve significant numbers of people interested in recreating the past or simulating political or social processes.