In 1971, Bardeen received the IEEE Medal of Honor for " his profound contributions to the understanding of the conductivity of solids, to the invention of the transistor, and to the microscopic theory of superconductivity.

Key invention in the development of electronic spreadsheets was made by Rene K. Pardo and Remy Landau, who filed in 1971 on spreadsheet automatic natural order recalculation algorithm in 1970.

Roger Penrose is credited with the invention of spin networks in 1971, although similar diagrammatic techniques existed before that time.

The unit is named after the Swedish chemist Theodor Svedberg ( 1884 – 1971 ), winner of the 1926 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work on colloids and his invention of the ultracentrifuge.

An alternative view, however, used to be popular: The 1971 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, for instance, claims that Edison " apparently thought so little of his invention that he failed to pay the $ 150 that would have granted him an international copyright.

Because his invention pre-dated the actual introduction of colour television by so long, his patent was exceptionally extended to 1971.

In 1971 Tolkien once again referred to his " invention ":

The patent for the latter invention was filed on 28 May 1969 and was granted on 28 December 1971, published as US 3, 630, 486 A.

Its introduction launched the development of mechanical calculators in Europe first and then all over the world, development which culminated, three centuries later, in the invention of the microprocessor developed for a Busicom calculator in 1971 ; the microprocessor is now at the heart of all computers and embedded systems.

Morey attributes inspiration for invention of the Boogie board ( July 7, 1971 ) to a particular Baha ' i prayer he kept coming across which included the passage " convey upon me, oh, my God, a thought which will turn this planet into a rose garden.

He is credited with the invention of the remote controlled cardiac catheter ( US Patent Sep., 1971 Bentov.

The patent for a grow hair mechanism awarded to Ideal in 1971 and attributed to inventors Francis Amici, Robert David, and Richard Levine is scarcely different from the original invention used in the 1963 Tressy doll.

The earliest programming languages predate the invention of the computer, and were used to direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms and player pianos.

An account of his invention was published on October 10, 1877, by which date Cros had devised a more direct procedure: the recording stylus could scribe its tracing through a thin coating of acid-resistant material on a metal surface and the surface could then be etched in an acid bath, producing the desired groove without the complication of an intermediate photographic procedure.

History shows that turning the concept of an invention into a working device is not always swift or direct.

Alongside, the invention of the handheld transistor radio in the 1950s lead to users simply just propping it on the dashboards and baskets in bicycles and automobiles respectively with no direct permanent mounting brackets whatsoever as casual users only wanted their audio equipment simple.

Elvin says that this direct supervision of their work by well-educated lords who had broad knowledge of the latest scientific and engineering principles may have contributed to the invention of the automatic spinning wheel as a means of improving their work efficiency.

Before the fuze's invention, detonation had to be induced either by direct contact, or a timer set at launch, or an altimeter.

At the time of invention, both Hugh and Stanley Rockwell ( not direct relations ) worked for the New Departure Manufacturing Co. of Bristol, CT. New Departure was a major ball bearing manufacturer that, in 1916, became part of United Motors and, shortly thereafter, General Motors Corp.

The range of feeling and mood as well as poetic and formal invention which Berlioz found in Shakespeare had a strong influence on his music, making a direct musical setting of Shakespeare's work only natural.

Jeffree Star's song title " Your Heart Is My Piñata " is a direct reference to the Katty Kathy quote of the Rhea sister's invention, with Jeffree's debut album " Beauty Killer " containing several references to the novel.

It was not until the invention of printing had greatly reduced the cost of books, thus allowing many more people direct access to owning books, that it became the practice to write the title on the spine and shelve books with the spine outwards.

His invention ( or reinvention ) of the tool that bears his name may have been a direct result of the disaster, as he saw the need for better firefighting tools.

However, this model could not explain the observed strength of grain boundaries and, after the invention of electron microscopy, direct evidence of the grain structure meant the hypothesis had to be discarded.

But the 19th-century invention of the steamboat made indigenous cultures of European colonies and their artifacts more accessible to the direct observation and analysis of art lovers.

The voyage became the basis for the invention of the global system of Longitude.

Since the invention of the MIDI system in the early 1980s, for example, some people have worked on programs which map MIDI notes to an algorithm and then can either output sounds or music through the computer's sound card or write an audio file for other programs to play.

CAutoD can be applied not just to tuning a predefined control scheme, but also to controller structure optimisation, system identification and invention of novel control systems, based purely upon a performance requirement, independent of any specific control scheme.

Prior to the invention of tension rods drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems such as that used on the Djembe or pegs and ropes such as that used on Ewe Drums, a system rarely used today, although sometimes seen on regimental marching band snare drums.

Hayek viewed the free price system not as a conscious invention ( that which is intentionally designed by man ), but as spontaneous order or what he referred to as " that which is the result of human action but not of human design ".

In the area of computer programming, the invention of the Linux operating system began as a student's hobby.

Innovation and invention in 19th century America has been said to be attributed to the development of the patent system.

The vowel system would have to have shrunk some time between these texts and the invention of the kana in the early 9th century.

His truly epochal invention was the combination of these elements into a practical system which allowed the mass production of printed books and was economically viable for printers and readers alike.

The invention of the stamp was a part of the attempt to reform and improve the postal system in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which in the early 19th century was in disarray and rife with corruption.

Col. Willard F. Rockwell made his fortune with the invention and successful launch of a new bearing system for truck axles in 1919.

Samuel Finley Breese Morse ( April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872 ) was an American contributor to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs, co-inventor of the Morse code, and an accomplished painter.

A similar system was used in 1831 by the American Charles Condert, who died in 1832 while testing his invention in the East River at only deep.

Edison patented a system for electricity distribution in 1880, which was essential to capitalize on the invention of the electric lamp.

They also exhibited the invention in Turin, Italy in 1884, where it was adopted for an electric lighting system.

During the first decade of the Internet after the invention of the Domain Name System ( DNS ) it became apparent that the devised system based on the classful network scheme of allocating the IP address space and the routing of IP packets was not scalable.

Although Baird's electromechanical system was eventually displaced by purely electronic systems ( such as those of Vladimir Zworykin, Marconi-EMI and Philo Farnsworth ), Baird's early successes demonstrating working television broadcasts and his colour and cinema television work earn him a prominent place in television's invention.

Hooke remained bitter about Newton claiming the invention of this principle, even though Newton ’ s “ Principia ” acknowledged that Hooke, along with Wren and Halley, had separately appreciated the inverse square law in the solar system, as well as giving some credit to Bullialdus.

The patent system captures those positive externalities for the inventor or other patent owner, so that the economy as a whole will invest a more closely optimum amount of resources in the process of invention.

In a newspaper advertisement from the St. Louis Dispatch, Thurman offered his invention of the horse-drawn ( which went door to door ) motorized cleaning system in St. Louis.

Once mobile suits have been developed by one side, the opposing force had to develop a similar system, just as British invention of tanks lead to the development of tanks in Germany, and eventually led to tank-to-tank battles.

Hayashizaki Jinsuke Shigenobu ( c. 1546 – c. 1621 ), the founder of the Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryū and Musō Shinden-ryū schools, is generally credited with the invention of iaijutsu, but this is contrary to the account of Iizasa Chōisai Ienao ( c. 1387 – c. 1488 ), who devised a system of drawing the sword and founded the Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū 100 years earlier.

The development of Japanese swordsmanship as a component system of classical bujutsu ( classical martial arts ) created by and for professional warriors ( bushi ), begins only with the invention and widespread use of the Japanese sword, the curved, single-cutting-edged long sword.

However, the basic idea of the point system – to generate different type sizes by multiplying a single minimum unit calculated by dividing a base measurement unit such as one French Royal inch – was not Didot ’ s invention, but Fournier ’ s .< ref group =" note ">