`` Culturally induced social cohesion resulting from common norms and values internalized by members of the group '' is operative in the boundary maintenance of the group as well as in the process of socialization.

Law became a conscious process, something more than simply doing justice and looking to local customs and a common morality for applicable norms.

The integumentary structure contains some typical characteristics common to terrestrial vertebrates, such as the presence of highly cornified outer layers, renewed periodically through a moulting process controlled by the pituitary and thyroid glands.

While at the time the process was openly referred to as colonization (" takushoku " 拓殖 ), the notion was later reframed by Japanese elites to the currently common usage " kaitaku "( 開拓 ), which instead conveys a sense of opening up or reclamation of the Ainu lands.

However, legislating for alterations to the Act is a complex process, since the act is a common denominator in the shared succession of all the Commonwealth realms and the Statute of Westminster 1931 acknowledges by established convention that any changes to the rules of succession may be made only with the agreement of all of the states involved, with concurrent amendments to be made by each state's parliament or parliaments.

For Joseph and his supports of Imperial reform, besides encouraging any first buddings of pan-national pride that would unite his multi-lingual and ethnic subjects under one common language ; they also hoped to save a considerable amount of money in the process.

But evolution is a non-directional process, and while increased complexity is a common effect, there is no reason why evolution cannot tend towards simplicity if that makes an organism better suited to its environment.

Beramok is considered to be the more common of the two and is associated with the depression and sadness resulting from a loss and the subsequent brooding process.

For most of human history, pearls were the ultimate precious beads of natural origin because of their rarity, although the pearl-culturing process has now made them far more common.

As the forests of Britain and Europe continued to be over-harvested to supply the keels of larger wooden boats, and the Bessemer process ( patented in 1855 ) cheapened the cost of steel, steel ships and boats began to be more common.

Bootstrapping or booting refers to a group of metaphors that share a common meaning: a self-sustaining process that proceeds without external help.

In contrast to common law incrementalism, the legislative process is very difficult to get started, as legislatures tend to delay action until a situation is totally intolerable.

( Codification is the process of enacting a statute that collects and restates pre-existing law in a single document — when that pre-existing law is common law, the common law remains relevant to the interpretation of these statutes.

In Commentaries on the Laws of England ( Bk I, ch. 4, pp 106 – 108 ), Sir William Blackstone described the process by which English common law followed English colonization:

But note that in each case, the statute sets the general principles, but the common law process determines the scope and application of the statute.

Unlike Blackstone and the Restatements, Holmes ' book only briefly discusses what the law is ; rather, Holmes describes the common law process.

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of universal common descent through an evolutionary process in On the Origin of Species, twice stating the hypothesis that there was only one progenitor for all life forms and ending with " There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one ".

Natural selection is the evolutionary process by which heritable traits that increase an individual's fitness become more common, and heritable traits that decrease an individual's fitness become less common.

The convention recognized for the first time in international law that the conservation of biological diversity is " a common concern of humankind " and is an integral part of the development process.

The abstract concepts are now considered to be totally autonomous, even though they originated from the process of abstracting or taking away qualities from perceptions until only the common, essential attributes remained.

The construction involves replacing a common word with a rhyming phrase of two or three words and then, in almost all cases, omitting the secondary rhyming word, in a process called hemiteleia, making the origin and meaning of the phrase elusive to listeners not in the know.

* Common Features: common features include practices that implement and institutionalize a key process area.

At maturity level 5, processes are concerned with addressing statistical common causes of process variation and changing the process ( for example, to shift the mean of the process performance ) to improve process performance.

He claims that he was denied due process of law in violation of the Fifth Amendment, because ( 1 ) at a hearing before a hearing officer of the Department of Justice, he was not permitted to rebut statements attributed to him by the local board, and ( 2 ) at the trial, he was denied the right to have the hearing officer's report and the original report of the Federal Bureau of Investigation as to his claim.

The railroad, claiming deprivation of property without due process of law, sought injunctive relief.

These grounds typically could include errors of law, fact, procedure or due process.

This corresponds to a speed of around 0. 05 c. There is surprisingly small variation around this energy, due to the heavy dependence of the half-life of this process on the energy produced ( see equations in the Geiger – Nuttall law ).

Eventual violation of the law was specified as subject to a secular legal process.

The law at the time did not allow a third party such as COICA to participate in that part of the reexamination process.

Because the United States Constitution sets no limits on this tripartite authority of administrative agencies, Congress enacted the APA to establish fair administrative law procedures to comply with the constitutional requirements of due process.

At worst, abusing judicial discretion would actually pave the way to a biased decision, rendering obsolete the judicial process in question — rule of law being illicitly subordinated by rule of man under such discriminating circumstances.

* Bar ( law ), in a legal context has three possible meanings: the division of a courtroom between its working and public areas ; the process of qualifying to practice law ; and the legal profession

* Revised Code of Washington 9. 12. 010: " Every person who brings on his or her own behalf, or instigates, incites, or encourages another to bring, any false suit at law or in equity in any court of this state, with intent thereby to distress or harass a defendant in the suit, or who serves or sends any paper or document purporting to be or resembling a judicial process, that is not in fact a judicial process, is guilty of a misdemeanor ; and in case the person offending is an attorney, he or she may, in addition thereto be disbarred from practicing law within this state.

USAID has programming in the following areas: economic policy reform and restructuring ; private sector development ( the Business Development Program ); infrastructure rebuilding ; democratic reforms in the media, political process and elections, and rule of law / legal code formulation ; and training programs for women and diplomats.

Following a protracted legal process culminating in a court ruling favorable to the Bahá ' ís, the interior minister of Egypt released a decree on April 14, 2009, amending the law to allow Egyptians who are not Muslim, Christian, or Jewish to obtain identification documents that list dash in place of one of the three recognized religions.

The most important single article of the Magna Carta, related to " habeas corpus ", provided that the king was not permitted to imprison, outlaw, exile or kill anyone at a whim — there must be due process of law first.

Common law ( also known as case law or precedent ) is law developed by judges through decisions of courts and similar tribunals ( as opposed to statutes adopted through the legislative process or regulations issued by the executive branch ).

A hedge fund that is an example of this type of arbitrage is Greenridge Capital, which acts as an angel investor retaining equity in private companies which are in the process of becoming publicly traded, buying in the private market and later selling in the public market.

It means resolving the conflict between the various competing goals, and involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality and social equity famously known as three dimensions ( triple bottom line ) with the resultant vector being technology, hence it is a continually evolving process ; the ' journey ' ( the process of achieving sustainability ) is of course vitally important, but only as a means of getting to the destination ( the desired future state ).

The process of governing must be more transparent, accountable and inclusive in order to achieve fairness and equity.

This transaction will complete GIP's equity syndication process for Gatwick.

The first Jewish / African-American woman tenured professor at Harvard Law School, Guinier's work includes professional responsibilities of public lawyers, the relationship between democracy and the law, the role of race and gender in the political process, equity in college admissions, and affirmative action.

Because private equity firms are continuously in the process of raising, investing and distributing their private equity funds, capital raised can often be the easiest to measure.

As long as broker-dealers exercised " due diligence " in their investigation into the company whose equity they were selling, and disclosed to the investor what they found, they would not be held liable for non-disclosure of information that was not discovered in the process of that investigation.

Through the process of debt restructuring and support given by financial institutions in coordination with IRCJ, the company has been acquired by IRCJ, Marubeni Corporation ( a trading company ) and Advantage Partners ( a private equity house ) in 2005.

That year, it began a process of shrinking the company, selling many of its small papers to the private equity firm Leonard Green & Partners, who formed Liberty Group Publishing.

Rival private equity firm, Forstmann Little & Co. was invited into the process by Shearson Lehman but attempted to provide a bid for RJR with a consortium of Goldman Sachs Capital Partners, Procter & Gamble, Ralston Purina and Castle & Cooke.

A 20 % haircut would reduce this debt by about $ 54 billion, creating an equal amount of equity in the process, thereby recapitalizing the bank significantly.

The process seeks equity between meeting the needs of the local population and preserving the protected areas and involves local people in decision making processes.

In the process, it modified the market model for trading, from a traditional specialist model to a competing market making model for the equity option market.

Critics of free market economy have used the term to denote what they perceive as a misguided belief, or deliberate deception, that free markets provide the greatest possible equity and prosperity, and that any interference with the market process decreases social well being.

Term taken from the process of short selling, or investing on the premise that the equity in question will soon decline in value.

A financier makes money through this process when his or her investment is paid back with interest or from part of the company's equity awarded to them as specified by the business deal.

Underwriting refers to the process that a large financial service provider ( bank, insurer, investment house ) uses to assess the eligibility of a customer to receive their products ( equity capital, insurance, mortgage, or credit ).

Securities underwriting refers to the process by which investment banks raise investment capital from investors on behalf of corporations and governments that are issuing securities ( both equity and debt capital ).

On July 27, 2009, the Irish Independent newspaper reported that Houghton Mifflin Harcourt's controlling shareholder EMPG was in the process of a re-structuring negotiations with its unsecured-debt holders that would lead to the conversion of the debt into equity.