What is the history of criticism but the history of men attempting to make sense of the manifold elements in art that will not allow themselves to be reduced to a single philosophy or a single aesthetic theory??

Accordingly, it is the aim of this essay to advance a new theory of imitation ( which I shall call mimesis in order to distinguish it from earlier theories of imitation ) and a new theory of invention ( which I shall call symbol for reasons to be stated hereafter ).

The central concern of Erich Auerbach's impressive volume called Mimesis is to describe the shift from a classic theory of imitation ( based upon a recognition of levels of truth ) to a Christian theory of imitation in which the levels are dissolved.

And it is clearly argued by Lord Percy of Newcastle, in his remarkable long essay, The Heresy Of Democracy, and in a more general way by Voegelin, in his New Science Of Politics, that this same Rousseauan idea, descending through European democracy, is the source of Marx's theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat.

Thus, in no ordinary sense of ' simplicity ' is the Ptolemaic theory simpler than the Copernican.

Analogously, anyone who argues that Einstein's theory of gravitation is simpler than Newton's, must say rather more to explain how it is that the latter is mastered by student-physicists, while the former can be managed ( with difficulty ) only by accomplished experts.

In a sense, Einstein's theory is simpler than Newton's, and there is a corresponding sense in which Copernicus' theory is simpler than Ptolemy's.

The strongest appeal of the Copernican formulation consisted in just this: ideally, the justification for dealing with special problems in particular ways is completely set out in the basic ' rules ' of the theory.

My reply is that I associate myself with all those who affirm that Gentile-Jewish relations should contribute to the theory and practice of human dignity.

Finally we may note that the idea appears in educational theory where its influence is at present widespread.

The point is that an ethical critic, with an assist from Freud, can seize on this theory to argue that tragedy provides us with a harmless outlet for our hostile urges.

In his study Samuel Johnson, Joseph Wood Krutch takes this line when he says that what Aristotle really means by his theory of catharsis is that our evil passions may be so purged by the dramatic ritual that it is `` less likely that we shall indulge them through our own acts ''.

But beginning, for all practical purposes, with Frederick Seebohm's English Village Community scholars have had to reckon with a theory involving institutional and agrarian continuity between Roman and Anglo-Saxon times which is completely at odds with the reigning concept of the Anglo-Saxon invasions.

that theory was and is sound.

Louis XIV of France ( 1643 – 1715 ) strongly promoted the theory as well.

Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory (" ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny ") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarizes its species ' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.

Galen promoted this theory and the typology of human temperaments.

He developed a " mutualist " theory of unions and as such was active within the Knights of Labor and later promoted anti-political strategies in the American Federation of Labor.

Knauss promoted the Giulio Douhet theory that air power could win wars alone by destroying enemy industry and morale by " terrorizing the population " of major cities.

The law of definite proportions contributed to, and was placed on a firm theoretical basis by, the atomic theory that John Dalton promoted beginning in 1803, which explained matter as consisting of discrete atoms, that there was one type of atom for each element, and that the compounds were made of combinations of different types of atoms in fixed proportions.

* William E. Connolly: Helped introduce postmodern philosophy into political theory, and promoted new theories of pluralism and agonistic democracy.

This would lead to some confusion between atomic weights ( promoted by proponents of atomic theory ) and equivalent weights ( promoted by its opponents and which sometimes differed from atomic weights by an integer factor ), which would last throughout much of the nineteenth century.

Another form of market socialism was promoted by critics of central planning and general equilibrium theory, the most notable economists being Alec Nove and Janos Kornai.

Rosenberg promoted the Nordic theory which regarded Germans as the " master race ", superior to all others, including to other Aryans ( Indo-Europeans ).

In the 1980s, this was attempted to be tackled with the urban bias theory which was promoted by Michael Lipton who wrote: "... the most important class conflict in the poor countries of the world today is not between labour and capital.

He also promoted science and arts ; Maurice is also the traditional author of the military treatise Strategikon which is praised in military circles as the only sophisticated combined arms theory until World War II.

Howard Rand also promoted the British Israelite theory and became National Commissioner of the Anglo-Saxon Federation of America in 1928.

The theory of British Israelism was also vigorously promoted by Herbert W. Armstrong in the 1950s founder and former Pastor General of the Worldwide Church of God.

Furthermore, he promoted the theory of gradual climate change over centuries of time once ancient petrified bamboos were found to be preserved underground in the dry, northern climate zone of Yanzhou, which is now modern day Yan ' an, Shaanxi province.

The domino theory was a theory during the 1950s to 1980s, promoted at times by the government of the United States, that speculated that if one state in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect.

In a 1994 report Right Woos Left, published by the Political Research Associates, investigative journalist Chip Berlet argued that right-wing populist conspiracy theories about the Bilderberg group date back as early as 1964 and can be found in Schlafly's self-published book A Choice, Not an Echo, which promoted a conspiracy theory in which the Republican Party was secretly controlled by elitist intellectuals dominated by members of the Bilderberger group, whose internationalist policies would pave the way for world communism.

She promoted the theory that the plays attributed to William Shakespeare were written by a group of men, including Francis Bacon, Sir Walter Raleigh and others.

Shahak promoted the theory that Israel's religious interpretation of Jewish history led it to disregard Arab human rights.

He went on to note that this theory had been promoted by the German government's policy of selective publication of documents, aided and abetted by most German historians in a policy of " self-censorship.

Jaynes strongly promoted the interpretation of probability theory as an extension of logic.

Condillac promoted " sensationalism ," a theory that says all knowledge comes from the senses and that there are no innate ideas.

J. Kenneth Grider, speaking from a governmental theory perspective, says that the governmental theory can incorporate within itself ' numerous understandings promoted in the other major Atonement theories ', including ransom theory, elements of the ' Abelardian " moral influence " theory ', vicarious aspects of the atonement, etc.

procedures change rapidly and parental confidence probably exceeds anything warranted by established psychological theory.

To guard against the tyranny of a numerical majority, Calhoun developed his theory of `` concurrent majority '', which, he said, `` by giving to each portion of the community which may be unequally affected by the action of government, a negative on the others, prevents all partial or local legislation ''.

That such deficiencies existed within Ptolemy's theory was not discovered de novo by Copernicus.

In the face of a clear judgment from archaeology, therefore, it became impossible for a time for scholars to re-adopt the `` shore settled by '' theory.

J. T. Shotwell was appalled by such spurious history as that which attributed the fall of the Carolingian empire to the woolen trade, and he urged Adams to `` transform his essay into a real history, embodying not merely those facts which fit into his theory, but also the modifications and exceptions ''.

However, they do demonstrate the presence of large normal pressures in the presence of flat shear fields which were forecast by the theory in the first part of the paper.

Sample areas in the new investigations were selected strictly by application of the principles of probability theory, so as to be representative of the total population of defined areas within calculable limits.

A state, the highest form of human organization in fact and theory, could be subjected to Law only by a manifestation of self-will, or consent.

The displacement ( at least to a considerable extent ) of the ethical jurisprudence of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by positivism reshaped both international law theory and doctrine.

Philosophy can prevent the working scientist from becoming slothful and self-content by noting the assumptions and level at which a hypothesis or theory is framed.

The theory claims to show by analysis that when we say, `` That is good '', we do not mean to assert a character of the subject of which we are thinking.

On the positivist theory, everything I sought to express by calling it evil in the first case is still present in the second.

In these circumstances, since what was expressed by the remark when first made is, on the theory before us, simply absent, the remark now expresses nothing.

-- On the basis of a differentiability assumption in function space, it is possible to prove that, for materials having the property that the stress is given by a functional of the history of the deformation gradients, the classical theory of infinitesimal viscoelasticity is valid when the deformation has been infinitesimal for all times in the past.

But then this theory confesses that it is completely at a loss as to how the image can possibly be received by the brain.

It is borne out also by the absence of any developed theory about how sin passes from one generation to the next.

Thus, while altruistic persons may under some circumstances be outcompeted by less altruistic persons at the individual level, according to group selection theory the opposite may occur at the group level where groups consisting of the more altruistic persons may outcompete groups consisting of the less altruistic persons.

Group selection theory has criticized by many other evolutionary scientists.