Under Mongol occupation, for example, Muscovy developed its mestnichestvo hierarchy, postal road network, census, fiscal system, and military organization.

Under the leadership of Ögedei Khan ( r. 1229 – 1241 ), both the Jin Dynasty and Western Xia Dynasty were conquered by Mongol forces.

Under Hongwu's rule, the Mongol bureaucrats who dominated the government in the Yuan Dynasty's time were replaced by Han Chinese officials.

In Shanghai and northern China, a " Five-Colored Flag " () ( Five Races Under One Union flag ) was used of five horizontal stripes representing the five major nationalities of China: the Han ( red ), the Manchu ( yellow ), the Mongol ( blue ), the Hui ( white ), and the Tibetan ( black ).

Under Mongol rule, they were pushed out of their medieval homeland south of the Don River in present-day Russia and part migrated towards and over the Caucasus mountains ( into the kingdom of Georgia and into the lands of present-day North Ossetia – Alania ), where they formed three distinct territorial entities.

Under Mongol rule, the Kipchak Khanate ( Golden Horde ) ruled much of Eastern Europe for another 150 years before disintegrating due to internal quarrels, its last remnants as the Tatar Crimean Khanate surviving into the 18th century before being absorbed into the Russian Empire.

Under the Mongolian People's Republic, socialist realism was the dominant painting style, however traditional thangka-like paintings dealing with secular, nationalist themes were also popular, a genre known as " Mongol zurag ".

Under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty of Kublai Khan, Amdo and Kham were split into two commandaries, which, along with Ü-Tsang, were collectively referred to as the three commandaries of Tibet.

Under Jochi's son Batu, Mongol rule expanded to its westernmost limit, and the Golden Horde ( Kipchak Khanate ) was established to consolidate the Jochid ulus.

Under Kaykhusraw II, however, the Mongols began to pressure the Sultan to go to Mongolia in person, give hostages, and accept a Mongol darugachi.

Under the name Zhongdu ( 中都, " central capital ", pinyin: Zhōngdū ) the city had earlier served as the capital of the Jin Dynasty, but was burned down in 1215 by Mongol forces.

Under Mongol administrators, Oljei and Harghasun, the Yuan court adopted policies that were designed to ensure political and social stability.

Under Esen taishi's leadership, the western Mongols and other Mongol tribes who support Togtoo-Bukha conquered the rest of Mongolia, and received the submission of the Jurchens and the Tuvans ( Uriankhais ) in Manchuria and Eastern Siberia.

* 2005 – Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14, 000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country ( Syrian occupation of Lebanon ).

Under the Geneva Conventions of 1949, it is a war crime to transfer, directly or indirectly, the civilian population of a country power onto land under that country's military occupation.

Under occupation by the Allies, German territories were split off, denazification took place, and the Cold War resulted in the division of the country into democratic West Germany and communist East Germany.

Under the US occupation, Islamist militias have waged a systematic campaign of violence against women in their bid to remake Iraq as an Islamist state.

Under the United States occupation at the end of World War II all armed forces in occupied Japan were disbanded and production of nihontō with edges was banned except under police or government permit.

Under its terms, Italy will pay $ 5 billion to Libya as compensation for its former military occupation.

* Under international law, the test for occupation is whether " effective control " of a foreign military can be said to exist.

Under threat of an occupation of Lisbon and a reoccupation of North East Brazil, the Portuguese being already involved in a war against Spain acceded to the demand of the Dutch.

Under the leadership of the tribal chief Hendrik Witbooi, the Namaqua put up a fierce resistance to the German occupation.

Under the Nazi occupation during World War II, Włocławek was renamed Leslau and administered as part of Reichsgau Wartheland.

Under the cloak of hate and darkness that spread over France during the years of occupation, thousands of lights refused to be extinguished.

Under Roman occupation the town ceded importance to the former Greek colony Ravenna as the continued siltation of the Po delta carried the seafront further to the east.

Under the “ Communist re-education program ” for political prisoners, Puyi is coerced by his interrogators to formally renounce his forced collaboration with the Imperial Japanese invaders for war crimes during their occupation of China during the war.

Under the occupation, Oltenia was the only part of the Danubian Principalities ( with the later exception of Bukovina ) to experience Enlightened absolutism and Austrian administration, although these were met by considerable and mounting opposition from conservative boyars.

Under the American occupation after the surrender of Japan, a partially successful attempt was made to dissolve the zaibatsu.

Under French occupation ( 1794-1814 ), Sittard was part of the Roer department.

Under Allied occupation and division, two other separate national teams were also recognized by FIFA: the Saarland team ( 1950 – 1956 ) and the East German team ( 1952 – 1990 ).

Under Japanese occupation, a concentration camp was maintained here for most of the duration of the Second World War.

Under the terms of the armistice, Romania announced its unconditional surrender to the USSR and was placed under occupation of the Allied forces with the Soviet Union as their representative, in control of media, communication, post, and civil administration behind the front.

Under Soviet occupation from 1945 to 1989, the town was officially named Kapsukas, after Vincas Kapsukas, founder of the Lithuanian Communist Party.

Under the Italian occupation he was Minister of Agriculture and Domestic Economy in Shefqet Verlaci ’ s government which started functioning on 12 April 1939, and Minister of Finances in 1943.

Under Barroso's leadership, Portugal became part of the " coalition of the willing " for the invasion and occupation of Iraq, sending non-combat troops.

Under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros, the Ottomans agreed to pull their troops out of the Transcaucasus to make way for British occupation at the close of the First World War.

:: Example 6 ( semi-presidential republic ): Under Chapter 4, Article 80, Section 3 of the Constitution of Russia:

Under Peter the Great, Russia was proclaimed an Empire in 1721 and became recognized as a world power.

Under the treaty, Russia became known as the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ).

Under the 1978 constitution, the parliament was the supreme organ of power in Russia.

Under Dzhokkar Dudayev, Chechnya declared independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, using self-determination, Russia's history of bad treatment of Chechens, and a history of independence before invasion by Russia as main motives.

Under Putin, Russia has sought to strengthen ties with the People's Republic of China by signing the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation as well building the Trans-Siberian oil pipeline geared toward growing Chinese energy needs.

In his 1914 article “ Disruption of Unity ”, Lenin wrote, " Under cover of ‘ non-factionalism ’ Trotsky is championing the interests of a group abroad which particularly lacks definite principles and has no basis in the working-class movement in Russia.

* Pipes, Richard ( 1994 ) Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime.

Under the Vajpayee government, the defence relations between India and Russia saw a new rebound with the signing of several key military deals such as the Sukhoi Su-30MKI, T-90 | T-90S Bhishma, INS Vikramaditya | INS Vikramaditya and the Sukhoi / HAL FGFA.

Under Imperial Russia the historic centre of Vitebsk was rebuilt with the Neoclassical architecture.

Under the Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarva signed in 1774, Russia had given these Danubian provinces back to Turkey ( the Ottoman Empire ) in exchange for Turkish recognition of Russia's exclusive right to " protect the Christian sites in Jerusalem and the Holy Land.

Under the inspiration of their teacher, this rapidly spread Hasidism beyond the Ukraine, to Poland, Galicia and Russia.

Under these changed alliances, the European powers entered the Seven Years ' War, which saw France, Austria, and Russia pitted against Britain and Prussia.

Under the guise of keeping good relations with India, one of its most important military customers, Russia withheld 2A46-2 125 mm smoothbore guns, cast turrets and other technology, which forced Ukraine to make its tank industry independent.

Under the influence of these Jewish communities, Bulan, the Khagan Bek of the Khazars, and the ruling classes of Khazaria ( located in what is now Ukraine, Southern Russia and Kazakhstan ), adopted Judaism at some point in the mid-to-late 8th or early 9th centuries.

Under the sway of the now dominant faction, Sweden, already the vassal, could not fail speedily to become the victim of Russia.

Under the presidential decree of June 16, 1998, it was called the Day of Russia.

Under support from the British and the initiative of Portugal, Otto von Bismarck, German Chancellor, called on representatives of Austria – Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden-Norway ( union until 1905 ), the Ottoman Empire, and the United States to take part in the Berlin Conference to work out policy.

Moscow Domodedovo Airport or Domodedovo International Airport () is an international airport located on the territory of Domodedovo Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction, Moscow Oblast, Russia, south-southeast of the centre of Moscow.

Under the terms of the Chantilly Agreement of December 1915 Russia, France, Britain and Italy were committed to simultaneous attacks against the Central Powers in the summer of 1916.

Under Napoleon, as under the revolutionary regime, he was a force for moderation, opposing adventures such as the invasion of Russia in 1812.

Under the pseudonym Boris Akunin, he has written many works of fiction, mainly novels and stories in the series The Adventures of Erast Fandorin, The Adventures of Sister Pelagia, The Adventures of the Master ( following Nicholas Fandorin, Erast's grandson ), all published in Russia by Zakharov Books, and the Roman-Kino (" Novel-Film ") series set during World War I. Akunin's specialty is historical mysteries set in Imperial Russia.