Zoroastrianism states that the urvan, the disembodied spirit, lingers on earth for three days before departing downward to the kingdom of the dead that is ruled by Yima.

According to non-Orthodox Jews and critical historians, Jewish law too has been affected by surrounding cultures ( for example, some scholars argue that the establishment of absolute monotheism in Judaism was a reaction against the dualism of Zoroastrianism that Jews encountered when living under Persian rule ; Jews rejected polygamy during the Middle Ages, influenced by their Christian neighbors ).

In the original conception of Zoroastrianism, for example, Ahura Mazda was the spirit of ultimate good, while Ahriman ( Angra Mainyu ) was the spirit of ultimate evil.

Thus, central to Zoroastrianism is the emphasis on moral choice, to choose between the responsibility and duty for which one is in the mortal world, or to give up this duty and so facilitate the work of druj.

In Zoroastrianism, good transpires for those who do righteous deeds.

In Zoroastrianism, the priesthood is reserved for men and is a mostly hereditary position.

A fire temple in Zoroastrianism is the place of worship for Zoroastrians.

Ahura Mazda ( Persian: اهورا مزدا ; Ahura Mazdā ), ( also known as Athura Mazda, Athuramazda, Aramazd, Ohrmazd, Ahuramazda, Hourmazd, Hormazd, Hurmuz, and Azzandara ) is the Avestan name for a divinity of the Old Iranian religion who was proclaimed the uncreated God by Zoroaster, the founder of Zoroastrianism.

However another reason for why this may be is that, in Manichaeism, the religions of Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Buddhism were in fact deviations of the true religion that Mani taught and in a way they were the same religion, hence making it easier to identify the cosmological figures of Mani with the cosmological figures of Zoroastrianism.

In church matters, as in philosophy, the two were opposed — Pletho advocated a partial return to Greek paganism in the form of a syncretic union between Christianity and Zoroastrianism ; while Georgios, more cautious, pressed the necessity for ecclesiastical union with Rome on doctrinal grounds, and was instrumental in drawing up a form which from its vagueness and ambiguity might be accepted by both parties.

Conder's work still adheres to the four-way classification, but in his eye for detail he puts together much historical work to create something resembling our modern Western image: he includes Druze, Yezidis, Mandeans, and Elamites under a list of possibly monotheistic groups, and under the final category, of " polytheism and pantheism ", he lists Zoroastrianism, " Vedas, Puranas, Tantras, Reformed sects " of India as well as " Brahminical idolatry ", Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Lamaism, " religion of China and Japan ", and " illiterate superstitions ".

What Westerners referred to as Nestorian Christianity flourished for hundreds of years, until Emperor Wuzong of the Tang dynasty adopted anti-religious measures in 845, expelling Buddhism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism and confiscating their considerable assets.

It was once the center of Zoroastrianism and subsequently also a home for Buddhists and Hindus kings.

Through Isaac's efforts the churches and monasteries destroyed by the Persians were rebuilt, education was cared for in a generous way, Zoroastrianism which Shah Yazdegerd I tried to set up was cast out, and three councils held to re-establish ecclesiastical discipline.

" In Zoroastrianism those who oppose conversion as being against the religious tradition generally deem themselves to be a force for " traditional values.

Such name roots back to the " Zoroastrianism " era of Persia ( Iran ); However after the Arab invasion of Persia ( Iran ) many Persian words lost their original form as in Arabic there are no letter for pronouncing " G / P / ZH / CH "; Hence " Azar Paigān " came to be known as Azarbaijan.

Zoroastrianism, another of Jaspers ' examples, is crucial to the development of monotheism -- although Jaspers uses the Seleucid-era estimate for the founding of Zoroastrianism, which is actually the date of Cyrus ' unification of Persia.

Zoroastrianism was the national faith of Iran for more than a millennium before the Arab conquest.

A possible source for the Greek hylozoists was the Persian philosopher Zarathushtra, founder of the religion of Zoroastrianism.

Zahedan and the area of Sistan has a very strong connection with Zoroastrianism and during Sassanid times Lake Hamun was one of two pilgrimage sites for followers of that religion.

He claimed that Abu Muslim was a prophet who was sent to reform Zoroastrianism, thus starting one of many movements claiming prophethood or divinity for Abu Muslim.

The concept, as well as the philosophical and theological consequences drawn from the purported existence of a more or less clearly defined summum bonum, could be traced back to the earliest forms of monotheism: for instance, Zoroastrianism and Judaism.

In other ways, it resembles Zoroastrianism, in particular with its belief in a narrow bridge walked by all souls upon death ; the wicked tumble off, unbalanced by their sins, to Skotos ' icy hell, while the souls of the virtuous make it across.

Zurvanism ( Zurvanite Zoroastrianism ), Manichaeism and Mandaeism, are representative of dualistic and monist philosophies since each has a supreme and transcendental First Principle from which the two equal-but-opposite entities then emanate.

In later Zoroastrianism this was explained as fleeing from the experiences of life, which was the very purpose that the urvan ( most commonly translated as the ' soul ') was sent into the mortal world to collect.

Although the names are old, this opposition is a modern western-influenced development popularized by Martin Haug in the 1880s, and was in effect a realignment of the precepts of Zurvanism ( Zurvanite Zoroastrianism ), which had invented a third deity, Zurvan, in order to explain a mention of twinship ( Yasna 30. 3 ) between the moral and immoral.

Achaemenid era ( 648 – 330 BCE ) Zoroastrianism developed the abstract concepts of heaven, hell, personal and final judgement, all of which are only alluded to in the Gathas.

Millennialism is also a doctrine of medieval Zoroastrianism concerning successive thousand-year periods, each of which will end in a cataclysm of heresy and destruction, until the final destruction of evil and of the spirit of evil by a triumphant king of peace at the end of the final millennial age ( supposed by some to be the year 2000 ).

He is credited with the authorship of the Yasna Haptanghaiti as well as the Gathas, hymns which are at the liturgical core of Zoroastrianism.

The remainder of the 21 nasks, including the Chihrdad, has been lost since then, especially after the fall of the Sassanid empire, after which Zoroastrianism was supplanted by Islam.

In the 3rd century AD another native Mesopotamian religion flourished, namely Manicheanism, which incorporated elements of Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, and Zoroastrianism, as well as local Mesopotamian elements.

The pre-Islamic Persian religion of Zoroastrianism, which made a notable " contribution to the religious formation of the West ", also has a linear sense of time.

More likely though, the alteration in the story of Hariti and her successful conversion to Buddhism seems to be an early strategy with which to convert the predominantly Iranic Gandharans from Zoroastrianism, and Animism to Buddhism.

The Proto-Indo-Iranian religions influenced Zoroastrianism and The Vedic Religions, which influenced Judism ; Judism Influenced Christianity and Islam.

According to Azerbaijani historians, the design comes from ancient times of Zoroastrianism as an expression of essence of that religion and it became subsequently a decor element which is widely used in Azerbaijani culture and architecture.

A uni-directional view of causality is present in some monotheistic views of the world with a beginning and an end and a single great force with a single end ( e. g., Christianity and Islam ), while a cyclic worldview of causality is present in religious traditions which are cyclic and seasonal and wherein events and experiences recur in systematic patterns ( e. g., Zoroastrianism, Mithraism and Hinduism ).

In the mid-5th century, the Sassanid King Yazdegerd II passed an edict requiring all the Christians in his empire to convert to Zoroastrianism, fearing that Christians might ally with Roman Empire, which had recently adopted Christianity as its official religion.

Because the Albigenses came from Armenia, where Zoroastrianism and Mithra worship were common, it may be that the symbol entered their iconography via the Zoroastrian Faravahar symbol, which in some versions clearly features an ouroboros at the waist instead of a vague disc-shape.

But the aggressive tendencies of the Sasanians were evident in their propagation of Zoroastrianism, which was probably established in Iberia between the 260s and 290s.

These kingdoms were later incorporated into various Iranian empires, including Achaemenid Empire, Parthian Empire, Sassanid Empire, during which Zoroastrianism became the dominant religion in the region.

The original etymology of this name is thought to have its roots in the ancient Zoroastrianism, namely, in Avestan Frawardin Yasht (" Hymn to the Guardian Angels "), there is a mentioning of: âterepâtahe ashaonô fravashîm ýazamaide, which literally translates from Old Persian as " we worship the Fravashi of the holy Atare-pata ".

Zoroastrianism has long encouraged interfaith, all the way from Cyrus the Great's speech in Babylon, which permitted the population to keep following their own religion and keep speaking their own language.

Photius mentions that Theodore wrote three books on " Persian Magic ", which not only attacked Zoroastrianism, but according to Photius betrayed his " Nestorian " views in the third book, and defended belief in the final restoration of all men.

Founded in Buenos Aires in 1911 by a Basque electrician named Joaquín Trincado, the EMECU blended the political ideals of anarchism with a cosmology which was an idiosyncratic synthesis of Zoroastrianism, Kabbalah and Spiritism.