Hegel, French materialist and utilitarian philosophe Claude Adrien Helvétius, Swiss collectivist philosophe Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French utopian socialist Henri de Saint-Simon, and Savoyard conservative Joseph de Maistre as thinkers who constituted the ideological basis for modern authoritarianism, in his book Freedom and Its Betrayal: Six Enemies of Human Liberty.

The hub of the road network is located at the old airport ( at the intersection of Boulevard Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Autoroute de Delmas ).

Jean-Jacques Rousseau et la Science Politique de Son Temps.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau ou le Rêve de la vie, Paris: Perrin

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* French socialist thought, in particular the thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Henri de Saint-Simon, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, and Charles Fourier ;

In 1811, prompted by discussions with a Chinese student about Chinese script, Silvestre de Sacy considered a suggestion made by Georg Zoëga in 1797 that the foreign names in Egyptian hieroglyphic inscriptions might be written phonetically ; he also recalled that as long ago as 1761, Jean-Jacques Barthélemy had suggested that the characters enclosed in cartouches in hieroglyphic inscriptions were proper names.

* August 7 – Jean-Jacques Lefranc, marquis de Pompignan, French poet ( d. 1784 )

* ( fr ) Jean-Jacques Thomas, La langue, la poésie-essais sur la poésie française contemporaine: Apollinaire, Bonnefoy, Breton, Dada, Eluard, Faye, Garnier, Goll, Jacob, Leiris, Meschonnic, Oulipo, Roubaud, Lille, Presses Universitaires de Lille, coll.

The first recorded observation of an endogenous circadian oscillation was by the French scientist Jean-Jacques d ' Ortous de Mairan in 1729.

A circadian cycle was first observed in the 18th century in the movement of plant leaves by the French scientist Jean-Jacques d ' Ortous de Mairan ( for a description of circadian rhythms in plants by de Mairan, Linnaeus, and Darwin see this page ).

Ernst Brinkmann of Münster University and Belgian genetics professor Jean-Jacques Cassiman of Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, conducted mitochondrial DNA tests in 2000 using samples from Marie-Antoinette, her sisters Maria Johanna Gabriela and Maria Josepha, their mother, Maria Theresa, and two living direct descendants in strict maternal line of Maria Theresa, Queen Anne of Romania and her brother, Prince André de Bourbon Parme.

On 8 May, Jean-Jacques Duval d ' Eprémesnil and Goislard de Montsabert, two of the leading members of the Parlement de Paris were arrested.

These children, known as L ' enfants de la Creuse, were brought to light in 2002 when Réunion exile Jean-Jacques Martial made a legal complaint against politician Michel Debré ( who had been the MP for Réunion at the time ) for " kidnapping of a minor, roundup and deportation ".

In 1960, Jean-Jacques Lebel oversaw and partook in the first European Happening L ' enterrement de la Chose in Venice.

* Emile, or On Education ( 1762 ), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, originally titled Émile ou de l ' education

Other noteworthy intellectuals and religious figures on the Index include Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Voltaire, Denis Diderot, Victor Hugo, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, André Gide, Immanuel Kant, David Hume, René Descartes, Francis Bacon, John Milton, John Locke, Galileo Galilei, Blaise Pascal, Hugo Grotius and Saint Faustina Kowalska.

After it became clear the French were going to try to reimpose slavery and restrictions on free gens de couleur, Boyer joined the patriots under Pétion and Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who led the colony to independence.

Napoleon ordered that several ships of the French Navy be named Marengo, including Sceptre ( 1780 ), Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 1795 ), Ville de Paris ( 1851 ) and Marengo ( 1810 ).

In France in the early 70s, Jean-Jacques Birgé performed on a toy-piano, besides synthesizers, and recorded it in " Le réveil " on his Défense de album in 1975, as Pascal Comelade built all his work on toy instruments, having played all kinds of toy pianos himself since 1978.

His parents had great aspirations for their son and sent him to the prestigious Catholic Collège de Juilly where his friends included the likes of musician and composer Jean-Jacques Debout.

French Enlightenment masterpieces such as Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de Buffon ’ s Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière ( begun in 1749 ) and Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d ' Alembert ’ s Encyclopédie ( volumes added between 1751 and 1772 ) thus became Ampère ’ s schoolmasters.

As well as holding positions at this school until 1828, in 1819 and 1820 Ampère offered courses in philosophy and astronomy, respectively, at the University of Paris, and in 1824 he was elected to the prestigious chair in experimental physics at the Collège de France.

Through Ampère, Ozanam had contact with leaders of the neo-Catholic movement, such as François-René de Chateaubriand, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire, and Charles Forbes René de Montalembert.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

In 1827 Ampère published his magnum opus, Mémoire sur la théorie mathématique des phénomènes électrodynamiques uniquement déduite de l ’ experience ( Memoir on the Mathematical Theory of Electrodynamic Phenomena, Uniquely Deduced from Experience ), the work that coined the name of his new science, electrodynamics, and became known ever after as its founding treatise.

In recognition of his contribution to the creation of modern electrical science, an international convention signed in 1881 established the ampere as a standard unit of electrical measurement, along with the coulomb, volt, ohm, and watt, which are named, respectively, after Ampère ’ s contemporaries Charles-Augustin de Coulomb of France, Alessandro Volta of Italy, Georg Ohm of Germany, and James Watt of Scotland.

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And although she numbered among her admirers the duc de Montmorency, Lucien Bonaparte, Prince Augustus of Prussia, Pierre-Simon Ballanche, Jean-Jacques Ampère and Constant, none of them obtained over her so great an influence as did Chateaubriand, though she suffered much from his imperious temper.

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In the following year Ozanam was sent to study law in Paris, where he fell in with the Ampère family ( living for a time with the mathematician André-Marie Ampère ), and through them with other leaders of the neo-Catholic movement, such as François-René de Chateaubriand, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire, and Charles Forbes René de Montalembert.

Among the early regular contributors who established the review's reputation as an elite liberal vehicle of haute culture were Albert, 4th duc de Broglie, François Guizot, Jacques Nicolas Augustin Thierry, Ludovic Vitet, Paul-François Dubois, the literary critics Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve and Gustave Plache, and Jean-Jacques Ampère.

Ampère was born on 20 January 1775 to Jean-Jacques Ampère, a prosperous businessman, and Jeanne Antoinette Desutières-Sarcey Ampère during the height of the French Enlightenment.

Jean-Jacques Ampère, a successful merchant, was an admirer of the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, whose theories of education ( as outlined in his treatise Émile ) were the basis of Ampère ’ s education.

When the Jacobin faction seized control of the Revolutionary government in 1792, Jean-Jacques Ampère resisted the new political tides, and he was guillotined on November 24, 1793, as part of the Jacobin purges of the period.

André-Marie Ampère took his first regular job in 1799 as a mathematics teacher, which gave him the financial security to marry Carron and father his first child, Jean-Jacques, the next year.

( Jean-Jacques Ampère eventually achieved his own fame as a scholar of languages.

Jean-Jacques Ampère

Jean-Jacques Ampère ( 12 August 1800 – 27 March 1864 ) was a French philologist and man of letters.

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* 1864 – Jean-Jacques Ampère, French scholar ( b. 1800 )

* August 12 – Jean-Jacques Ampère, French philologist, writer, and historian ( d. 1864 )

* Jean-Jacques Ampère ( 1800 – 64 ), French philologist