de Klerk allows the African National Congress to function legally and promises to release Nelson Mandela.

Frederik Willem de Klerk ( born 18 March 1936 ), often known as F. W. de Klerk, was the seventh and last State President of apartheid-era South Africa, serving from September 1989 to May 1994. de Klerk was also leader of the National Party ( which later became the New National Party ) from February 1989 to September 1997.

The name ' de Klerk ' ( literally meaning " the clerk " in Dutch ) is derived from Le Clerc, Le Clercq, and de Clercq and is of French Huguenot origin, as are a great number of other Afrikaans surnames, reflecting the French Huguenot refugees who settled in the Cape beginning in the 17th century alongside the Dutch, after they escaped religious persecution in France.

Born in Johannesburg to Johannes " Jan " de Klerk and Hendrina Cornelia Coetzer-" her forefather was a Kutzer who stems from Austria ".

In 1948, the year when the NP swept to power in whites-only elections on an apartheid platform, F. W. de Klerk's father, Johannes " Jan " de Klerk, became secretary of the NP in the Transvaal province and later rose to the positions of cabinet minister and President of the Senate, becoming interim State President in 1975.

de Klerk matriculated from Monument High School in Krugersdorp.

de Klerk graduated in 1958 from the Potchefstroom University with BA and LL. B degrees ( the latter cum laude ).

Following graduation, de Klerk practised law in Vereeniging in the Transvaal.

", as he became popularly known, was first elected to the House of Assembly in 1969 as the member for Vereeniging, and entered the cabinet in 1978. de Klerk had been offered a professorship of administrative law at Potchefstroom in 1972 but he declined the post because he was serving in Parliament.

Frederik de Klerk and Nelson Mandela shake hands at the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum held in Davos in January 1992.

As Minister of National Education, de Klerk was a supporter of segregated universities, and as a leader of the National Party in Transvaal, he was not known to advocate reform.

In Mandela: The Authorised Biography Sampson accuses de Klerk of permitting his ministers to build their own criminal empires.

In 1992, de Klerk held a whites-only referendum, with the result being an overwhelming " yes " vote to continue negotiations to end apartheid.

In 1990, de Klerk gave orders to end South Africa's nuclear weapons programme ; the process of nuclear disarmament was essentially completed in 1991.

In Essai de Cosmologie, Maupertuis noted:

The country is noted for its national park system, administered by SINAC ( Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion, or " National System of Conservation Areas ").

Chagas named the pathogenic parasite as Trypanosoma cruzi and later that year as Schizotrypanum cruzi, both honoring Oswaldo Cruz, the noted Brazilian physician and epidemiologist who successfully fought epidemics of yellow fever, smallpox, and bubonic plague in Rio de Janeiro and other cities in the beginning of the 20th century.

Nicolas de Condorcet was especially noted for his advocacy, in his articles published in the Journal de la Société de 1789, and by publishing De l ' admission des femmes au droit de cité (" For the Admission to the Rights of Citizenship For Women ") in 1790.

In the European Middle Ages, Hector figures as one of the Nine Worthies noted by Jacques de Longuyon, known not only for his courage but also for his noble and courtly nature.

* David Harvey ( born 1935 ), world's most cited academic geographer and winner of the Lauréat Prix International de Géographie Vautrin Lud, also noted for his work in critical geography and critique of global capitalism.

Hernando de Alarcón, a Spanish navigator of the 16th century, noted for having led an early expedition to the Baja California peninsula, meant to be coordinated with Francisco Vasquéz de Coronado's overland expedition, and for penetrating the lower Colorado River, perhaps as far as the modern California-Arizona boundary.

The documentary also noted that Holt was suffering a shoulder injury and had been advised by his physician Marcus de Laune Faunce not to play tennis or swim-advice that Holt ignored on both counts.

There may be some confusion here, however, in that Guy's son, Guy de Laval V, was also married to an Emma who described herself as the daughter of Reginald de Dunstanville, Earl of Cornwall, who was an illegitimate son of Henry I as noted below.

The existence of angular unconformities had been noted by Nicolas Steno and by French geologists including Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, who interpreted them in terms of Neptunism as " primary formations ".

Sartre has also been noted for his relationship with the prominent feminist theorist Simone de Beauvoir.

In 1929 at the École Normale, he met Simone de Beauvoir, who studied at the Sorbonne and later went on to become a noted philosopher, writer, and feminist.

The authors noted most for establishing the English mercantilist system include Gerard de Malynes and Thomas Mun, who first articulated the Elizabethan System, which in turn was then developed further by Josiah Child.

Flutes and whistles made of wood, cane, or bone are also played, generally by individuals, but in former times also by large ensembles ( as noted by Spanish conquistador de Soto ).

The 15th-century trees of Olivo della Linza located in Alliste province of Lecce in Puglia were noted by Bishop Ludovico de Pennis during his pastoral visit to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nardò-Gallipoli in 1452.

He is noted in history for laying the foundation stone for the Notre Dame de Paris.

After the death of Reclus as well as the main proponents of Le Play's ideas, and with Émile Durkheim turning away from his early concept of social morphology, Paul Vidal de la Blache, who noted that geography " is a science of places and not a science of men ", remained the most influential figure of French geography.

The Chinese scholar A ' de noted this was because the Lotus Sutra says Avalokitesvara takes on the visage of whatever being that would best help pervade the dharma.

But there is nothing we can do to stop Soviet Russia from granting de facto recognition to East Germany.

but the subsequent analysis of characteristics is reported only for the de jure population ( or, in some districts, only the de facto population ).

The inclination here is to accept a de facto cease-fire in Laos, rather than continue to insist on a verification of the cease-fire by the international control commission before participating in the Geneva conference.

To understand the past history -- and the future potential -- of American Catholic higher education, it is necessary to appreciate the special character of the esprit de corps of the religious community.

Alain Connes (; born 1 April 1947 ) is a French mathematician, currently Professor at the Collège de France, IHÉS, The Ohio State University and Vanderbilt University.

During this time most of what is known as ethnologie was restricted to museums, such as the Musée de l ' Homme founded by Paul Rivet, and anthropology had a close relationship with studies of folklore.

The most important French social theorist since Foucault and Lévi-Strauss is Pierre Bourdieu, who trained formally in philosophy and sociology and eventually held the Chair of Sociology at the Collège de France.

A trial de novo is usually available for review of informal proceedings conducted by some minor judicial tribunals in proceedings that do not provide all the procedural attributes of a formal judicial trial.

If a party is dissatisfied with the finding of such a tribunal, one generally has the power to request a trial " de novo " by a court of record.

AFI FEST is the only film festival in the US to hold FIAPF ( Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Films ) accreditation.

It is an Ethiopian name of the Ge ‘ ez script, ’ ä bu gi da, taken from four letters of that script the way abecedary derives from Latin a be ce de.

Since in practice it is not worth contrasting a zero probability with one that is nearly indistinguishable from zero, he prefers to categorize himself as a " de facto atheist ".

The mal de mer – it is horrible suffering!

* 1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged on the public gallows at Montfaucon.

* 1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist pretender to the English throne, is executed on the orders of Henry VIII.

* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.

It was won by Georges Bouton of the De Dion-Bouton Company, in a car he had constructed with Albert, the Comte de Dion, but as he was the only competitor to show up it is rather difficult to call it a race.

Armenia's economy is highly anticompetitive with government-connected individuals enjoying de facto monopolies over the import and distribution of basic commodities and foodstuffs, and under-reporting revenue to avoid paying taxes.

With de Broglie's suggestion of the existence of electron matter waves in 1924, and for a short time before the full 1926 Schrödinger equation treatment of hydrogen like atom, a Bohr electron " wavelength " could be seen to be a function of its momentum, and thus a Bohr orbiting electron was seen to orbit in a circle at a multiple of its half-wavelength ( this historically incorrect Bohr model is still occasionally taught to students ).

The current leader is Roger Chartier, who is Directeur d ' Études at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris, Professeur in the Collège de France, and Annenberg Visiting Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania.

Casa Batlló () is a building restored by Antoni Gaudí and Josep Maria Jujol, built in 1877 and remodelled in the years 1904 – 1906 ; located at 43, Passeig de Gràcia ( passeig is Catalan for promenade or avenue ), part of the Illa de la Discòrdia ( the " Block of Discord ") in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Spain.