The cold water currents contribute to heavy fog off the coast of eastern Canada ( the Grand Banks of Newfoundland area ) and Africa's north-western coast.

* In the year 1000, the Icelander Leif Ericson was the first European to set foot on North American soil, corresponding to today's Eastern coast of Canada, i. e. the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, including the area of land named " Vinland " by Ericson.

Newfoundland English in Canada is a notable exception.

It is also the first known European record ( in chapter 38 ) that mentions Vinland ( Winland ) island ( insula ), a land centuries later possibly identified as Newfoundland, Canada, North America, as well as dog-headed people in Scandinavia.

A complete map was published in 2009 ( Flood, et al., 2009 ) using these previous results with high quality mapping obtained in 2006 ( by researchers at Memorial University, Newfoundland, Canada who are project partners in this study.

The project was led by Dr Jeff Peakall and Dr Daniel Parsons at the University of Leeds in collaboration with the University of Southampton, Memorial University ( Newfoundland, Canada ), and the Institute of Marine Sciences ( Izmir, Turkey ).

In Canada the provinces of Atlantic Canada are known for being a home of Celtic music, most notably on the islands of Newfoundland, Cape Breton and Prince Edward Island.

In some parts of Atlantic Canada, such as Newfoundland, Celtic music is as or more popular than in the old country.

Tel ( now part of Telus ), in which a U. S. company ( GTE ) had a substantial stake ; Bell Canada, which served Ontario, most of Quebec, and part of the Northwest Territories ; and operations in Newfoundland, the Northwest Territories, Yukon and northern B. C.

On the Atlantic coast, the Maritimes are a subregion of Atlantic Canada, which also includes the northeastern province of Newfoundland & Labrador.

The Maritimes were the second area in Canada to be settled by Europeans, after Newfoundland.

The Canadian Senate is structured along regional lines, giving an equal number of seats ( 24 ) to the Maritimes, Ontario, Quebec, and western Canada, in addition to the later entry of Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as the three territories.

The Dominion of Newfoundland, Britain's oldest colony in the Americas, joined Canada as a province in 1949.

* The Dock, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

* 1931 – The British Parliament enacts the Statute of Westminster 1931, establishing legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Irish Free State, Dominion of Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa.

* Gander ( Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada )

Francis Bacon played a leading role in creating the British colonies, especially in Virginia, the Carolinas, and Newfoundland in northeastern Canada.

In the 8th century, North Germanic seamen launched a massive expansion, founding important states in Eastern Europe and northern France, while colonizing the Atlantic as far as North America by around 1000 AD ( L ' Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland, Canada ).

* 1892 – St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada is devastated in the Great Fire of 1892.

Several nationalist leaders banded together in 1916 under the leadership of Annie Besant to voice a demand for self-government, and to obtain the status of a Dominion within the British Empire as enjoyed by Australia, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand and Newfoundland at the time.

* Mount Janus ( Newfoundland ), Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

* 1613 – The first English child born in Canada at Cuper's Cove, Newfoundland to Nicholas Guy.

* 1949 – The Dominion of Newfoundland joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th Province of Canada.

In the four Atlantic provinces ( Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador ), the reception of English law was automatic, under the principle set out by Blackstone relating to settled colonies.

Acadians eventually built small settlements throughout what is today mainland Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, as well as Île-Saint-Jean ( Prince Edward Island ), Île-Royale ( Cape Breton Island ), and other shorelines of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in present-day Newfoundland and Labrador, and Quebec.

While Maritimers are predominantly of west European heritage ( Scottish, Irish, English, and Acadian ), immigration to Industrial Cape Breton during the heyday of coal mining and steel manufacturing brought people from eastern Europe as well as from Newfoundland.

Standing ( left to right ): Walter Stanley Monroe ( Prime Minister of Newfoundland | Newfoundland ), Gordon Coates ( Prime Minister of New Zealand | New Zealand ), Stanley Bruce ( Prime Minister of Australia | Australia ), J.

* Guy Fawkes Night ( United Kingdom, New Zealand and the Canadian province of Newfoundland & Labrador ), and its related observances:

Some Newfoundland English differs from General Canadian English in vowel pronunciation ( e. g., in much of Newfoundland, the words fear and fair are homophones ), in morphology and syntax ( e. g., in Newfoundland the word bes is sometimes used in place of the normally conjugated forms of to be to describe continual actions or states of being, as in that rock usually bes under water instead of that rock is usually under water, but normal conjugation of to be is used in all other cases ; bes is likely a carryover of British Somerset usage with Irish grammar ) or Cornish, and in preservation of archaic adverbial-intensifiers ( e. g., in Newfoundland that play was right boring and that play was some boring both mean " that play was very boring ").

It includes some Inuit and First Nations words ( for example tabanask, a kind of sled ), preserved archaic English words no longer found in other English dialects ( for example pook, a mound of hay ), Irish language survivals like sleveen and angishore, compound words created from English words to describe things unique to Newfoundland ( for example stun breeze, a wind of at least 20 knots ( 37 km / h )), English words which have undergone a semantic shift ( for example rind, the bark of a tree ), and unique words whose origins are unknown ( for example diddies, a nightmare ).

Approximately 94 percent of the province's population resides on the Island of Newfoundland ( including its associated smaller islands ), of which over half live on the Avalon Peninsula.

A pub, formally public house ( IPA: pʌb ), is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia, Newfoundland, and New Zealand.

After the French ceded its colonies on Newfoundland and the Acadian mainland to the British by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, the French relocated the population of Plaisance, Newfoundland to Île Royale and the French garrison was established in the central eastern part at Ste.

Newfoundland French was deliberately discouraged by the Newfoundland government through the public schools during the mid-20th-century, and only a small handful of mainly elderly people are still fluent in the French-Newfoundland dialect.

Historically, Newfoundland was also home to unique varieties of French, and Irish, as well as the now-extinct Beothuk language.

The name Newfoundland is derived from English as " New Found Land " ( a translation from the Portuguese Terra Nova, and still reflected in the province's French language name, " Terre Neuve ").

In the far north, the English on several occasions sent fleets to raid French settlements and destroy fishing stages on Newfoundland, but suffered the loss of St. John's in 1708 / 9 after the French made an overland march from Plaisance.

Pitt's refusal to grant the French a share in Newfoundland proved the biggest obstacle to peace, as Pitt declared he would rather lose the use of his right arm than give the French a share there and later said he would rather give up the Tower of London than Newfoundland.

The descent of the French on St. John's, Newfoundland, 1762.

The notable exception was the French seizure of St. John's, Newfoundland.

* French Canadian Pea Soup Quebec soupe aux pois vs. Newfoundland pea soup

Verrazzano gave the names Francesca and Nova Gallia to that land between New Spain and English Newfoundland, thus promoting French interests.

French interest in the New World began with Francis I of France, who in 1524 sponsored Giovanni da Verrazzano to navigate the region between Florida and Newfoundland in hopes of finding a route to the Pacific Ocean.

He participated in a 1762 attempt by the French to gain control of Newfoundland, escaping with the fleet when the British arrived in force to drive them out.

The battle saw the British Army, supported by contingents from British imperial territories, including Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, Canada, India and South Africa, mount a joint offensive with the French Army against the German Army, which had occupied large areas of France since its invasion of the country in August 1914.

The Society of Merchant Venturers of Bristol began to settle Newfoundland and Labrador at Cuper's Cove as far back as 1610, and Newfoundland had also been the subject of a French colonial enterprise.