Other morphological, physical, and optical property values are also given.

The origins of the building society as an institution lie in late-18th century Birmingham – a town which was undergoing rapid economic and physical expansion driven by a multiplicity of small metalworking firms, whose many highly skilled and prosperous owners readily invested in property.

Behavior outside of psychology includes physical property and chemical reactions.

They typically involve making judgments of some physical property, e. g. the loudness of a sound.

These physical properties are then represented by tensors, which are mathematical objects that have the required property of being independent of coordinate system.

In physics, a conservation law states that a particular measurable property of an isolated physical system does not change as the system evolves.

In chemical physics and physical chemistry, chemical affinity is the electronic property by which dissimilar chemical species are capable of forming chemical compounds.

In physical sciences, numerical values ( such as constants, quantities, or scales of measurement ) are called conventional if they do not represent a measured property of nature, but originate in a convention, for example an average of many measurements, agreed between the scientists working with these values.

Mind-body dualism can exist as substance dualism which claims that the mind and the body are composed of a distinct substance, and as property dualism which claims that there may not be a distinction in substance, but that mental and physical properties are still categorically distinct, and not reducible to each other.

The ergodic hypothesis turned out not to be the essential property needed for the development of statistical mechanics and a series of other ergodic-like properties were introduced to capture the relevant aspects of physical systems.

The property of being intentional, of having an intentional object, was the key feature to distinguish mental phenomena and physical phenomena, because physical phenomena lack intentionality altogether.

Electric charge is a physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when near other electrically charged matter.

It remains wholly a Federal property, however, and these legal decisions do not result in either state taking any fiscal or physical responsibility for the maintenance, preservation, or improvement of any of the historic properties.

The Quran mentions that the jinn are made of a smokeless and " scorching fire ", and they have the physical property of weight.

Incidents may involve physical assault, damage to property, bullying, harassment, verbal abuse or insults, or offensive graffiti or letters ( hate mail ).

Numbers could be represented in a continuous " analog " form, for instance a voltage or some other physical property was set to be proportional to the number.

In chemistry, hydrophobicity ( from the Attic Greek hydro, meaning water, and phobos, meaning fear ) is the physical property of a molecule ( known as a hydrophobe ) that is repelled from a mass of water.

" He claims that the term " operates as a catch-all to lump together disparate laws originated separately, evolved differently, cover different activities, have different rules, and raise different public policy issues " and that it creates a " bias " by confusing these monopolies with ownership of limited physical things, likening them to " property rights ".

Lawrence Lessig, along with many other copyleft and free software activists, have criticized the implied analogy with physical property ( like land or an automobile ).

They argue such an analogy fails because physical property is generally rivalrous while intellectual works are non-rivalrous ( that is, if one makes a copy of a work, the enjoyment of the copy does not prevent enjoyment of the original ).

* Builder's risk insurance insures against the risk of physical loss or damage to property during construction.

He advocated the abolition of private property ( while retaining respect for personal property ) through the " expropriation of the whole of social wealth " by the people themselves, and for the economy to be co-ordinated through a horizontal network of voluntary associations where goods are distributed according to the physical needs of the individual, rather than according to labor.

It has become painfully clear that the very attempt to make the language of social research free of values by erecting mathematical and physical models, is itself a conditioned response to a world which pays a premium price for technological manipulation.

These quantum numbers only occur in certain combinations of values, and their physical interpretation changes depending on whether real or complex versions of the atomic orbitals are employed.

" Analog " indicates something that is mathematically represented by a set of continuous values ; for example, the analog clock uses constantly-moving hands on a physical clock face, where moving the hands directly alters the information that clock is providing.

In order for the conservator to apply their professional expertise accordingly, they must take into account the views of the stakeholder, the values and meaning of the object, and the physical needs of the material, in order to decide upon an appropriate conservation strategy.

The correspondence between these values and the physical states of the underlying storage or device is a matter of convention, and different assignments may be used even within the same device or program.

Its purpose is to periodically provide the international scientific and technological communities with an internationally accepted set of values of the fundamental physical constants and closely related conversion factors for use worldwide.

The CODATA recommended values of fundamental physical constants are published at the NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty.

A bit, or a group of malfunctioning physical bits ( not always the specific defective bit is known ; group definition depends on specific storage device ) is typically automatically fenced-out, taken out of use by the device, and replaced with another functioning equivalent group in the device, where the corrected bit values are restored ( if possible ).

A bit, or a group of malfunctioning physical bits ( not always the specific defective bit is known ; group definition depends on specific storage device ) is typically automatically fenced-out, taken out of use by the device, and replaced with another functioning equivalent group in the device, where the corrected bit values are restored ( if possible ).

One supposes that the quantum spin-singlet states emitted by the source are actually approximate descriptions for " true " physical states possessing definite values for the z-spin and x-spin.

If the particles have the same physical properties, the n < sub > j </ sub >' s run over the same range of values.

Kendo is a physically and mentally challenging activity that combines martial arts practices and values with sport-like strenuous physical activity.

In computer jargon, a killer poke is a method of inducing physical hardware damage on a machine and / or its peripherals by the insertion of invalid values, via e. g. BASIC's POKE command, into a memory-mapped control register.

This example illustrates a common occurrence in physical science: when values are related through simple fractions, there is a good possibility that the values stem from a common source.

In brief, values of physical observables such as energy and momentum were no longer considered as values of functions on phase space, but as eigenvalues ; more precisely: as spectral values ( point spectrum plus absolute continuous plus singular continuous spectrum ) of linear operators in Hilbert space.

Whereas the physical quantity indicated by any physical constant does not depend on the unit system used to express the quantity, the numerical values of dimensional physical constants do depend on the unit used.

Recognizing the limitations of such a program, the 78th Congress in 1943 passed P. L. 113, which broadened the concept of rehabilitation to include the provision of physical restoration services to remove or reduce disabilities, and which revised the financing structure.

The physical effects of anxiety may include heart palpitations, tachycardia, muscle weakness and tension, fatigue, nausea, chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, stomach aches, or tension headaches.

Current research suggests that, if a person is able to walk with or without a mobility aid, physical therapy should include an exercise program addressing five components: static balance, dynamic balance, trunk-limb coordination, stairs, and contracture prevention.

Discrimination may include, among other things, limiting or classifying a job applicant or employee in an adverse way, denying employment opportunities to people who truly qualify, or not making reasonable accommodations to the known physical or mental limitations of disabled employees, not advancing employees with disabilities in the business, and / or not providing needed accommodations in training materials or policies, and the provision of qualified readers or interpreters.

Other approaches may include a more physical approach, following the teachings of Jerzy Grotowski and others, or may be based on the training developed by other theatre practitioners including Sanford Meisner.

In Greek literature, he often represents the physical or violent aspect of war, in contrast to the armored Athena, whose functions as a goddess of intelligence include military strategy and generalship.

Other physical effects include an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, malabsorption, alcoholic liver disease, and cancer.

An initial assessment may include a physical exam by a physician.

The long-term adverse effects of benzodiazepines include a general deterioration in physical and mental health and tend to increase with time.

A typical ethnography will also include information about physical geography, climate and habitat.

Fields of specialization include biochemistry, nuclear chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, polymer chemistry, analytical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, quantum chemistry, environmental chemistry, and physical chemistry.

In major modern economies such as those of the United States or the Euro Zone, most money is electronic, but the " currency " of these polities may, depending on context, include all money or just specie ( i. e., various physical representations of money ).

Examples of such physical systems include digital computers, mechanical computers, quantum computers, DNA computers, molecular computers, analog computers or wetware computers.

The signs on physical examination can include mild enlargement of the liver or spleen, swollen glands, and local swelling ( a chagoma ) where the parasite entered the body.

In addition to containing the experience of physical pain, engrams can also include words or phrases overheard by the patient while he was unconscious.

Examples of this include physical or emotional pain and suffering, loss of companionship, loss of consortium, disfigurement, loss of reputation, loss or impairment of mental or physical capacity, loss of enjoyment of life, etc.

Common Axis III disorders include brain injuries and other medical / physical disorders which may aggravate existing diseases or present symptoms similar to other disorders.

: This can include confusing or misleading voters about how to vote, violation of the secret ballot, ballot stuffing, tampering with voting machines, destruction of legitimately cast ballots, voter suppression, voter registration fraud, failure to validate voter residency, fraudulent tabulation of results, and use of physical force or verbal intimation at polling places.

Ethernet evolved to include higher bandwidth, improved media access control methods, and different physical media.

As of build 1226, released on 30 July 2009, features that have been written and will be included in version 0. 8 include significant security improvements against both attackers acting on the network and physical seizure of the computer running the node.

Surface exploration can include geologic mapping, geophysical methods, and photogrammetry ; or it can be as simple as an engineer walking around to observe the physical conditions at the site.

Circumstances include the age of the patient, time of day, time since last meal, previous episodes, nutritional status, physical and mental development, drugs or toxins ( especially insulin or other diabetes drugs ), diseases of other organ systems, family history, and response to treatment.

However, the principle of special relativity generalizes the notion of inertial frame to include all physical laws, not simply Newton's first law.