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tl: 196 Philomela

tl: 31 BC

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tl: 481 BC

tl: 73 BC

tl: 499 BC

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tl: 431 BC

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* The Rosetta Stone ( 196 BC )

File: Rosetta Stone. JPG | Room 4-The Rosetta Stone, 196 BC, key to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

* 196 BC – Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt.

The Rosetta Stone is an ancient Egyptian granodiorite stele inscribed with a decree issued at Memphis in 196 BC on behalf of King Ptolemy V. The decree appears in three scripts: the upper text is Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, the middle portion Demotic script, and the lowest Ancient Greek.

The date is given as " 4 Xandicus " in the Macedonian calendar and " 18 Meshir " in the Egyptian calendar, which corresponds to March 27, 196 BC.

The year is stated as the ninth year of Ptolemy V's reign ( equated with 197 / 196 BC ), and it is confirmed by naming four priests who officiated in that same year: Aëtus son of Aëtus was priest of the divine cults of Alexander the Great and the five Ptolemies down to Ptolemy V himself ; his three colleagues, named in turn in the inscription, led the worship of Berenice Euergetis ( wife of Ptolemy III ), Arsinoe Philadelpha ( wife and sister of Ptolemy II ) and Arsinoe Philopator, mother of Ptolemy V. However, a second date is also given in the Greek and hieroglyphic texts, corresponding to, the official anniversary of Ptolemy's coronation.

The inscription in demotic conflicts with this, listing consecutive days in March for the decree and the anniversary ; although it is uncertain why such discrepancies exist, it is clear that the decree was issued in 196 BC and that it was designed to re-establish the rule of the Ptolemaic kings over Egypt.

The Rosetta Stone, a tax concession issued by Ptolemy V in 196 BC and written in three languages " led to the most famous decipherment in history — the cracking of hieroglyphics ".

* 196 BC

Year 196 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

The denomination 196 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Other well-known examples are the Memphis Stele ( Memphis Stone ), bearing the Decree of Memphis, about 218 BC, passed by his son, Ptolemy IV, and the famous Rosetta Stone erected by Ptolemy Epiphanes, his grandson, in 196 BC.

This enterprise earned him the antagonism of the Roman Republic, since Smyrna and Lampsacus appealed to the republic of the west, and the tension grew after Antiochus had in 196 BC established a footing in Thrace.

The Romans supported the Egyptian interests, when they negotiated with the Seleucid king in Lysimachia in 196 BC.

In line with ancient Egyptian tradition, she was also named adelphe (= sister ) of Ptolemy V. A synod of priests held at Memphis in 185 BC transferred all honours that Ptolemy V had received in 196 BC ( written on the Rosetta stone ) to his wife.

The Greek phrase was used by Plato ( 360 BC ), and by Irenæus ( c. AD 196 ).

This commission was created in 196 BC by a tribunician law on behalf of the people, and their number was later increased to seven ( septemviri epulones ).

* Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus, consul in 196 BC, triumphed over the Boii and Ligures.

* Spurius Furius Purpureo, father of the consul of 196 BC.

* Lucius Furius S. f. S. n. Purpureo, consul in 196 BC.

The Games of 196 BC were used by Titus Quinctius Flamininus to proclaim the freedom of the Greek states from Macedonian hegemony.

In 196 BC Gaozu left the capital Chang ' an to suppress a revolt in Julu ( 鉅鹿 ; in present-day Xingtai, Hebei ) started by Chen Xi ( 陳豨 ), the Marquis of Yangxia.