John Rawls, a critic of utilitarianism, argues that utilitarianism, in common with other forms of consequentialism, relies on the perspective of such an ideal observer.

In 1971 John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, noteworthy in its pursuit of moral arguments and eschewing of meta-ethics.

* 1921 – John Rawls, American philosopher ( d. 2002 )

John Rawls was an American philosopher, a professor of political philosophy at Harvard University and author of A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), Political Liberalism, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, and The Law of Peoples.

* Rawls, John ( 1999 ).

According to most contemporary theories of justice, justice is overwhelmingly important: John Rawls claims that " Justice is the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought.

In his A Theory of Justice, John Rawls used a social contract argument to show that justice, and especially distributive justice, is a form of fairness: an impartial distribution of goods.

** The Contractarianism of John Rawls, which holds that the moral acts are those that we would all agree to if we were unbiased.

From the end of World War II until 1971, when John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, political philosophy declined in the Anglo-American academic world, as analytic philosophers expressed skepticism about the possibility that normative judgments had cognitive content, and political science turned toward statistical methods and behavioralism.

* John Rawls: Revitalized the study of normative political philosophy in Anglo-American universities with his 1971 book A Theory of Justice, which uses a version of social contract theory to answer fundamental questions about justice and to criticise utilitarianism.

* John Rawls

The objection that ‘ utilitarianism does not take seriously the distinction between persons ’ came to prominence in 1971 with the publication of John Rawls ’ A Theory of Justice.

* November 24 – John Rawls, American political theorist ( b. 1921 )

Robert Nozick and John Rawls expressed competing visions in Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia and Rawls ' A Theory of Justice.

Social contract theories were eclipsed in the nineteenth century in favor of utilitarianism, Hegelianism, and Marxism, and were revived in the twentieth, notably in the form of a thought experiment by John Rawls.

John Rawls ( 1921 – 2002 ) proposed a contractarian approach that has a decidedly Kantian flavour, in A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), whereby rational people in a hypothetical " original position ", setting aside their individual preferences and capacities under a " veil of ignorance ", would agree to certain general principles of justice and legal organization.

* Rawls, John.

Social justice as a secular concept, distinct from religious teachings, emerged mainly in the late twentieth century, influenced primarily by philosopher John Rawls.

Political philosopher John Rawls draws on the utilitarian insights of Bentham and Mill, the social contract ideas of John Locke, and the categorical imperative ideas of Kant.

* Rawls, John.

* Rawls, John.

For example, John Rawls asks us to imagine a group of persons in a situation where they know nothing about themselves, and are charged with devising a social or political organization ( See the veil of ignorance ).

** Eugenia Rawls, American actress ( d. 2000 )

Since 2000 it can be detected in the work of producers such as J Rawls, Nujabes, Fat Jon, Madlib and the English duo The Herbaliser, among others.

In 2000, following a $ 25 million gift from alumnus Jerry S. Rawls, the school was formally renamed the Jerry S. Rawls College of Business Administration.

* Eugenia Rawls ( 1913 – 2000 ), actress

" " The keystone of the argument is that local orders exist ; that these orders are witnessable in the scenes in which they are produced ; and that the possibility of intelligibility is based on the actual existence and detailed enactment of these orders " ( Rawls: 2000: 146 ).

* John Rawls ( 2000 ) Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy ( Harvard University Press )

* John Rawls, ( 1921 – 2002 ), philosopher

The show included entertainers such as Frankie Lymon, The Supremes, Marian Anderson, Louis Armstrong, Pearl Bailey, LaVern Baker, Harry Belafonte, James Brown, Godfrey Cambridge, Diahann Carroll, Ray Charles, Nat King Cole, Bill Cosby, Count Basie, Dorothy Dandridge, Sammy Davis, Jr., Bo Diddley, Rocío Dúrcal, Duke Ellington, Lola Falana, The 5th Dimension, Ella Fitzgerald, The Four Tops, Aretha Franklin, Dick Gregory, W. C. Handy, Lena Horne, The Jackson 5, Mahalia Jackson, Eartha Kitt, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Little Anthony & The Imperials, Moms Mabley, Johnny Mathis, The Miracles ( later known as Smokey Robinson & the Miracles ), Melba Moore, The Platters, Leontyne Price, Richard Pryor, Lou Rawls, Della Reese, Nipsey Russell, Nina Simone, Sly & the Family Stone, The Temptations, Martha Reeves & The Vandellas, Tina Turner ( at the time known as " The Ike & Tina Turner Revue "), Leslie Uggams, William Warfield, Dionne Warwick, Dinah Washington, Ethel Waters, Flip Wilson, Jackie Wilson, Nancy Wilson, and Stevie Wonder.

It reached # 2 on the Billboard pop chart and was followed by more hits, including " Sad Mood ", " Bring it on Home to Me " ( with Lou Rawls on backing vocals ), " Another Saturday Night " and " Twistin ' the Night Away ".

John Rawls in his Theory of Justice defines a conscientious objector as an individual prepared to undertake, in public ( and often despite widespread condemnation ), an action of civil disobedience to a legal rule justifying it ( also in public ) by reference to contrary foundational social virtues ( such as justice as liberty or fairness ) and the principles of morality and law derived from them.

The station's longtime slogan, " Chicago's Very Own " ( which has been used since 1983 ), was the basis for a popular image campaign of the 1980s and 1990s, as performed by Lou Rawls.

* 1997, " Assisted Suicide: The Philosophers ' Brief " ( with R. Dworkin, R. Nozick, J. Rawls, T. Scanlon, and J. J. Thomson ), New York Review of Books, March 27, 1997.

Although Rawls never retreated from the core argument of A Theory of Justice, he modified his theory substantially in subsequent works such as Justice as Fairness: A Restatement ( 2001 ), in which he clarified and re-organised much of the argument of A Theory of Justice.

The assumptions of the original position, and in particular, the use of maximin reasoning, have also been criticized ( most notably by Kenneth Arrow and John Harsanyi ), with the implication either that Rawls designed the original position to derive the two principles, or that an original position more faithful to its initial purpose would not lead to his favored principles.

Nussbaum furthered the capabilities approach in Frontiers of Justice ( 2006 ), to expand upon social contractarian explanations of justice, as developed most extensively by John Rawls ' in his Theory of Justice, Political Liberalism, The Law of Peoples, and related works.

Philosopher John Rawls, in his A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), developed a " second principle of justice " that economic and social inequalities can only be justified if they benefit the most disadvantaged members of society.

Overall, the Democratic Party advocates economic policies pretty close to " liberalism " in the sense of John Rawls ( rather than, say, of Robert Nozick or Friedrich Hayek, as commonly accepted outside North America ), in sharp contrast with the traditional radical free-market orientation of Hong Kong.

* John Rawls ( 1921 – 2002 ), philosopher

* Betsy Rawls ( born 1928 ), golfer

* Hardy Rawls ( born 1952 ), actor

* J. Rawls ( born 1974 ), producer

* Lou Rawls ( 1933 – 2006 ), singer

* Wilson Rawls ( 1913 – 1984 ), author

As such, ethnomethodology's programmatic directive becomes ,"... to restore Sociology to the pursuit of Durkheim's aphorism, through an insistence on the concreteness of things opposed to theoretical and conceptual constructionism ( see Garfinkel: 2002: 50-52 ), and on the claim that the concreteness of things necessarily depends on, and is produced in and through, complex mutually recognizable practices enacted by participants in social scenes " ( Rawls / Garfinkel: 2002: 2 ).

* John Rawls ( 1921 – 2002 ), philosopherCharles Sumner's grave

Rawls ' first Capitol solo release was Stormy Monday ( a. k. a. I'd Rather Drink Muddy Water ), a jazz album, in 1962.

* Roddy Rawls Wiley ( 1924-2010 ), owned the Oakwood State Bank in Oakwood, the smallest bank in the United States