Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865 ) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

On foreign and military policy, Lincoln spoke out against the Mexican – American War, which he attributed to President Polk's desire for " military glory — that attractive rainbow, that rises in showers of blood ".

In 1857 – 58, Douglas broke with President James Buchanan, leading to a fight for control of the Democratic Party.

President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865

* 1917 – World War I: The United States declares war on Germany ( see President Woodrow Wilson's address to Congress ).

* 1963 – Rafael Correa, Ecuadorian politician, President of Ecuador

* 1970 – Roy Mayorga, American drummer ( Stone Sour, Soulfly, Amebix, Black President, and Nausea )

* 1945 – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies while in office ; vice-president Harry Truman is sworn in as the 33rd President.

* 1999 – US President Bill Clinton is cited for contempt of court for giving " intentionally false statements " in a sexual harassment civil lawsuit.

* 1894 – Francisco Craveiro Lopes, Portuguese politician and soldier, 13th President of Portugal ( d. 1964 )

* 1912 – Hamengkubuwono IX, Indonesian politician 2nd Vice President of Indonesia ( d. 1988 )

* 1942 – Jacob Zuma, African politician, President of South Africa

* 1789 – On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.

* 1939 – NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's N. Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address.

* 1956 – Former Vice President and Senator Alben Barkley dies during a speech in Virginia.

* 1973 – Watergate Scandal: U. S. President Richard Nixon announces that top White House aides H. R.

* 1995 – U. S. President Bill Clinton became the first President to visit Northern Ireland.

* 1943 – Frederick Chiluba, Zambian politician, 2nd President of Zambia ( d. 2011 )

* 1827 – José de la Mar becomes President of Peru.

* 1902 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to ride in an automobile.

* 1809 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States ( d. 1891 )

* 1865 – Charles G. Dawes, American general and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1951 )

* 1884 – Vincent Auriol, French politician, 16th President of the French Republic ( d. 1966 )

Some of those rates were legally recognized in 1990 when President Callejas introduced a major series of economic policy reforms, which included reducing the maximum import tariff rate from 90 percent to 40 percent and getting rid of most surcharges and exemptions.

In addition, an April 2000 CRS report by the Congressional Research Service, asserts that citizens born in Puerto Rico, are legally defined as natural born citizens and are, therefore, also eligible to be elected President.

In addition, this is reiterated by an April 2000 CRS report by the Congressional Research Service, this report asserts that citizens born in Puerto Rico, are legally defined as natural born citizens and are, therefore, also eligible to be elected President of the United States.

Marshall stated that when the Secretary of State was performing a purely discretionary matter, such as advising the President on matters of policy, he was not held to any legally identifiable standards.

Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, while the President and the government issue numerous legally binding by-laws.

Then in 1991, President George H. W. Bush made an attempt to abolish affirmative action altogether claiming that “ any regulation, rule, enforcement practice or other aspect of these programs that mandates, encourages, or otherwise involves the use of quotas, preferences, set-asides or other devices on the basis of race, sex, religion or national origin are to be terminated as soon as is legally feasible.

Hill and his men worked in spite of all obstacles — including a presidential veto of a bill that would have allowed Hill legally to build through American Indian territory ( the law preventing Hill from laying track across Indian territories was later repealed under President Grover Cleveland, who like Hill was a Bourbon Democrat ).

In the former case it would not legally bind Parliament to approve the said legislation irrelevant of the result of the said referendum, however the latter case, it would be conventionally binding on the President to promulgate the bill into law.

In 1872, Grant was the first American President to legally recognize an African American, P. B. S. Pinchback, governor of Louisiana.

President Barack Obama has taken the position that " Abortions should be legally available in accordance with Roe v.

Since the Amendment's ratification, the only other President who could clearly have legally served more than eight years was Lyndon B. Johnson.

That capacity might be particularly important if, for example, a candidate were to die or become in some other way legally disabled or disqualified to serve as President or Vice President.

The order legally justified the detention by leaning on the AUMF which authorized the President to " use all necessary force against those nations, organizations, or persons " and in the opinion of the administration a U. S. citizen can be an enemy combatant ( this was decided by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Ex parte Quirin ).

As the President is legally China's head of state, he is responsible for China's image.

Mao later considered this to be a threat to his power, as the Vice-President can legally succeed the President in the event of the latter's death.

It was during this second ' Beijing Spring ' that the China Democracy Party was founded and legally registered by some local authorities, Democracy Wall dissident Wei Jingsheng was released and exiled, China signed the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and China was visited by US President Bill Clinton and UN Human Rights Commissioner Mary Robinson.

The exercise of these powers is entirely at the President's discretion, for which the President is neither legally nor politically responsible.

In Bolivia, there has been a decrease in clashes since 2004, when Evo Morales and former President Carlos Mesa struck a deal allowing the Chapare region to legally grow a limited amount of coca, in addition to the already legal Yungas region.

By 1924 the Chief Justice J. J. Dossen of Liberia wrote to UNIA conveying the government's support: " The President directs me to say in reply to your letter of June 8 setting forth the objects and purposes of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, that the Government of Liberia, appreciating as they do the aims of your organization as outlined by you, have no hesitancy in assuring you that they will afford the Association every facility legally possible in effectuating in Liberia its industrial, agricultural and business projects.

President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 6340 the next day, which legally established the CCC.

By nature of his status as outgoing President, he was legally entitled to a seat in the new session of the National Assembly, but has since remained out of the political arena and never assumed his seat.

Since the Italian President is not legally responsible, the actual power of dissolution is in practice in the hand of the Government ( for example in 2005 the former president of the Council of Ministes, Silvio Berlusconi decided the date of elections instead of the president of the Republic ).

La Casa Rosada () is the official executive mansion and office of the President of Argentina ( or the " Presidency of the Argentine Nation ", as the office is known officially and legally ).