Even though Bulgaria did not send any troops to support the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Navy was involved in a number of skirmishes with the Soviet Black Sea Fleet, which attacked Bulgarian shipping.

Since German reunification in 1990, and the accession of some Central European and Baltic States into the European Union in 2004, the Port of Hamburg has restarted ambitions for regaining its position as the region's largest deep-sea port for container shipping and its major commercial and trading centre.

By that time, the Samoans had gained a reputation of being savage and warlike, as violent altercations had occurred between natives and French, British, German and American forces, who, by the late nineteenth century, valued Samoa as a refueling station for coal-fired shipping and whaling.

In 1943, during World War II, HM Fort Roughs was constructed by the United Kingdom as one of the Maunsell Forts, primarily for defence against German mine-laying aircraft that might be targeting the estuaries that were part of vital shipping lanes ; it comprised a floating pontoon base with a superstructure of two hollow towers joined by a deck upon which other structures could be added.

During World War II, the islands were used as a top secret Royal Navy weather and radio station codenamed HMS Atlantic Isle, to monitor U Boats ( which needed to surface to maintain radio contact ) and German shipping movements in the South Atlantic Ocean.

The renewed German campaign was effective, sinking 1. 4 million tons of shipping between October 1916 and January 1917.

Nevertheless with the introduction of escorted convoys shipping losses declined and in the end the German strategy failed to destroy sufficient Allied shipping.

Using newly captured French ports, the German Navy enjoyed success against an over-extended Royal Navy, using U-boats against British shipping in the Atlantic.

* August 15 – Albert Ballin, German shipping magnate owner of the Hamburg America Line line ( d. 1918 )

But the German capital ships had been bottled up in the North Sea, and the main threat to shipping came from U-boats.

Use of that channel was kept quiet: German submarines had ravaged shipping along the East Coast during Operation Drumbeat, and thus military ships unable to protect themselves were secretly moved via canals to avoid the threat.

Despite allied control of Antwerp, in September 1944 German forces still occupied fortified positions throughout the Scheldt estuary west and north, preventing any allied shipping to the port.

It replaced that bridge, which contained a swinging section to allow the passage of wherries and other shipping, and which was largely demolished at the start of the Second World War as a precaution against German invasion.

In World War I, the Imperial German Navy employed FL-boats ( Fernlenkboote ) against coastal shipping.

German submarines were sinking Allied shipping outside the coast on a daily basis and there was great fear of attack or sabotage by Nazi sympathizers.

NAS Weeksville's LTA craft played a vital role in German U-boat spotting during World War II, helping to minimize losses to East Coast shipping.

War was declared against Charles V in 1542, and, though the German Protestant princes proved faithless allies, the closing of the Sound against Dutch shipping proved such an effective weapon in King Christian's hand that the Netherlands compelled Charles V to make peace with Denmark at the diet of Speyer, on 23 May 1544.

In the Mediterranean theatre and the Baltic sea it carried out attacks on German shipping moving war materials from Italy to North Africa and from Scandinavia to Germany.

As a consequence, six British commandos captured in Operation Frankton, a raid on shipping at Bordeaux in December 1942, were executed by the German Navy.

His father, Ezekiah Jackson Craddock, volunteered to serve in the U. S. Coast Guard and patrolled American coastal waters to protect Allied shipping against German U-boats during World War II.

He worked as a repairman at Wanamaker's department store, repairing broken glass sounding pieces in German toy pianos damaged in shipping.

Leer is home to many German shipping companies — about 20 per cent of the German merchant fleet are registered in Leer.

German shipping in and around Bodø was attacked in October 1943 in Operation Leader.

* Reinhard Mohn, German media tycoon

* Heinrich Mendelssohn ( 1881 – 1959 ), German building tycoon

Andrew Undershaft was loosely inspired by a number of figures, including the arms dealer Basil Zaharoff, and German armanents tycoon Siegfried Krupp.

Oskar Messter ( 21 November 1866 – 6 December 1943 ) was a German inventor and film tycoon in the early years of cinema.

By 2010, the subject gained further attention when German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung reported that a concierge at Hotel Schalber had been dismissed for having admitted Jews, once the owner, a local real estate tycoon, had learned about the religion of recently checked-in guests.

Albert Schweitzer, OM ( 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965 ) was a German and then French theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary.

* 1857 – Albert Ballin, German businessman ( d. 1918 )

* Albert II, Prince of Thurn and Taxis ( born 1983 ), Prince of Thurn und Taxis, German prince

Although Albert has received relatively little recognition in German history, his dissolution of the Teutonic State caused the founding of the Duchy of Prussia ( and also the Hohenzollern dynasty ), which would eventually become arguably the most powerful German state and instrumental in uniting the whole of Germany.

The first complete synthesis of an alkaloid was achieved in 1886 by the German chemist Albert Ladenburg.

After the war, Albert Speer pointed out that the German economy achieved greater armaments output, not because of diversions of capacity from civilian to military industry, but through streamlining of the economy.

Notable past visitors to the mountain peak include Pope Pius XII, Pope John Paul II, Alberto Santos-Dumont, German Sueiro Vasquez, Albert Einstein, and Diana, Princess of Wales.

All the presents being placed round the trees …" After her marriage to her German cousin Prince Albert, by 1841 the custom became even more widespread throughout Britain.

When the Austro-Prussian War broke out in 1866, Albert then Crown Prince ( German: Kronprinz ), took up the command of the Saxon forces opposing the Prussian Army of Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia.

* 1755 – Albert Christoph Dies, German composer ( d. 1822 )

Frederick the Peaceful KG ( September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 ) was Duke of Austria as Frederick V from 1424, the successor of Albert II as German King as Frederick IV from 1440, and Holy Roman Emperor as Frederick III from 1452.

The German gauleiter, Albert Forster considered Kashubians of " low value " and did not support any attempts to create a Kashubian nationality.

Earlier than any other German prince or any other member of the Hohenzollern line including even his younger brother Albert, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, he turned his eyes and heart to the new faith proceeding from Wittenberg.

The psychiatrist Albert Moll subsequently continued German research, publishing Hypnotism in 1889.

* 1604 – Heinrich Albert, German composer and poet ( d. 1651 )

* 1830 – Albert Bierstadt, German / American painter ( d. 1902 )

* Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard ( born 1942 ), German biologist, won the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1991 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1995

Historian Albert Resis stated that the Litvinov dismissal gave the Soviets freedom to pursue faster-paced German negotiations, but that they did not abandon British – French talks.

* 1952 – Albert Bittlmayer, German footballer ( d. 1977 )

* 1801 – Albert Lortzing, German composer ( d. 1851 )

* The German economy needed more oil and controlling the Baku Oilfields would achieve this ; as Albert Speer, the German Minister for Armaments and War Production, later said in his interrogation, " the need for oil certainly was a prime motive " in the decision to invade.

In 2008, Albert Einstein's 1954 German letter in which he dismissed belief in a personal God was auctioned off for more than US $ 330, 000.

* 1867 – Albert Bassermann, German actor ( d. 1952 )