In addition to featuring essays by many critics of modernity, The American Review also became the a vehicle for spreading the ideas associated with English Distributism, the supporters of which included G. K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc.

Workers ' cooperatives are also central to ideas of Autonomism, Distributism, Mutualism, Syndicalism, Participatory economics, Guild socialism, Libertarian socialism as well as others.

Its foundations are widely considered to have been laid by Pope Leo XIII's 1891 encyclical letter Rerum Novarum, which advocated economic Distributism and condemned both Capitalism and Socialism, although its roots can be traced to the writings of Catholic thinkers such as St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine of Hippo, and is also derived from concepts present in the Bible.

Distributism is known to have had an influence on the economist E. F. Schumacher, a convert to Catholicism.

Distributism therefore advocates a society marked by widespread property ownership and, according to co-operative economist Race Mathews, maintains that such a system is key to bringing about a just social order.

Distributism reflects this doctrine most evidently by promoting the family, rather than the individual, as the basic type of owner ; that is, distributism seeks to ensure that most families, rather than most individuals, will be owners of productive property.

Chesterton thought that Distributism would benefit from the discipline that theoretical analysis imposes, and that distributism is best seen as a widely encompassing concept inside of which any number of interpretations and perspectives can fit.

Christian democracy has evolved considerably since then, and it is no longer the Catholic ideology of Distributism, although it is based on Catholic social teaching, as outlined in the 2006 official " Catechism of the Social Doctrine of the Catholic Church ".

Distributism holds that social and economic structures should promote social justice, including wide ownership of corporations and is the basis for progressive tax rates, anti-trust laws and economic cooperatives including credit unions.

Indeed, Distributism in Catholic social teaching such as Pope Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum Novarum and Pope Pius XI's Quadragesimo Anno resembles a Mutualist society based on Cooperatives, while Pope John Paul II's Catechism of the Catholic Church states " She ( the Church ) has ... refused to accept, in the practice of " capitalism ," individualism and the absolute primacy of the law of the marketplace over human labor.

Some may claim the Catholic Social Teaching ( see Distributism ) of subsidiarity contradicts Ultramontanism and accuse it of decentralizing the Roman Catholic Church, whereas others defend it as merely a bureaucratic adjustment to give more pastoral responsibility to local bishops and pastors of local parishes.

Distributism sees the family of two parents and their child or children as the central and primary social unit of human ordering and the principal unit of a functioning distributist society and civilization.

Distributism favors the elimination of social security on the basis that it further alienates man by making him more dependent on the Servile State.

Distributism has often been described in opposition to both socialism and capitalism, which distributists see as equally flawed and exploitive.

Distributism favors the dissolution of the current private bank system, or more specifically its profit-making basis in charging interest.

Distributism appears to have one of its greatest influences in anti-trust legislation in America and Europe designed to break up monopolies and excessive concentration of market power in one or only a few companies, trusts, interests, or cartels.

Distributism puts great emphasis on the principle of subsidiarity.

Distributism promotes a society of artisans and culture.

Distributism does not attach itself to one national political party or another in any part of the world, but it has influenced Christian Democratic parties in Continental Europe and the Democratic Labor Party in Australia.

Some Distributists claim that the rhetorical marketing of this policy was influenced by aphorisms of the Distributist ideology and promotes Distributism.

Distributism.

* Sagar, S. Distributism.

Consequently, the periodical served for its brief period as a highly successful national platform for English Distributism, which advocated broad property ownership, local means of production, and subsistence farming.

The Flag Group did some ideological work of its own, and the ideas of Social Credit and Distributism were popular, but the chief preoccupation was still race relations.

Missiles are very valuable weapons, but they also have their too little known limitations.

The aircraft could be used to destroy other mobile, fleeting, and imprecisely located targets as well as the known, fixed and hardened targets which can also be destroyed by missile.

Back at the Kaiser's Fountain, I walked left to the streetcar stop and rode up the hill -- any car will do -- past the Column of Constantine, also known as the Burnt Column, at the top on my right.

We now have not only what has been called over here the comedy of menace but we also have horror jokes, magazines known as Horror Comics, and sick comedians.

We pointed out that emotional excitement may lead to psychosomatic disorders and neurotic symptoms, particularly in certain types of personality, but it is also known that the reliving of a strong emotion ( `` abreaction '' ) may cure a battle neurosis.

The process in which the outcome of any one stage is known only statistically is also of interest, although for chemical reactor design it is not as important as the deterministic process.

The Roman Catholic Church sanctions only abstention or the rhythm method, also known as the use of the infertile or safe period.

She knew also that I was unmarried and without a single known relative.

Alabama is also known as the " Heart of Dixie.

This period had also known Augustine of Hippo, Nonius Marcellus and Martianus Capella among many others.

As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes ( ; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, " light of the sun "), Helius ( ; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally " sun "), Phanaeus ( ; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally " giving or bringing light "), and Lyceus ( ; Λύκειος, Lukeios, from Proto-Greek * λύκη, " light ").

For this he was also known as Parnopius ( ; Παρνόπιος, Parnopios, from πάρνοψ, " locust ") and to the Romans as Culicarius ( ; from Latin culicārius, " of midges ").

Afroasiatic ( alternatively Afro-Asiatic ), also known as Hamito-Semitic, is a large language family, including about 375 living languages.

The oldest known caecilian is Eocaecilia micropodia, also from Arizona, while the earliest salamander is Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis from the Late Jurassic of northeastern China.

It is also known as Alyeska, the " great land ", an Aleut word derived from the same root.

Best known for his novels including Brave New World and a wide-ranging output of essays, Huxley also edited the magazine Oxford Poetry, and published short stories, poetry, travel writing, film stories and scripts.

He is also well known for advocating and taking psychedelics.

Alkanes ( also known as paraffins or saturated hydrocarbons ) are chemical compounds that consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and are bonded exclusively by single bonds ( i. e., they are saturated compounds ) without any cycles ( or loops ; i. e., cyclic structure ).

In music an " answer " ( also known as countersubject ) is the technical name in counterpoint for the repetition or modification by one part or instrument of a theme proposed by another.

In human – computer interaction, computer accessibility ( also known as Accessible computing ) refers to the accessibility of a computer system to all people, regardless of disability or severity of impairment.

Asphalt or or, also known as bitumen, is the sticky, black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits ; it is a substance classed as a pitch.

* An argument of a function, also known as an independent variable

In chemistry and physics, the atomic number ( also known as the proton number ) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus.

Nevertheless, in spite of Rutherford's estimation that gold had a central charge of about 100 ( but was element Z = 79 on the periodic table ), a month after Rutherford's paper appeared, Antonius van den Broek first formally suggested that the central charge and number of electrons in an atom was exactly equal to its place in the periodic table ( also known as element number, atomic number, and symbolized Z ).

The aardvark has been known to sleep in a recently excavated ant nest, which also serves as protection from its predators.