Both of these are published in the Historiae Francorum Scriptores, Tome ii ( Paris, 1639 – 1649 ).

* 1639 – Imperial forces are defeated by the Swedes at the Battle of Chemnitz.

* 1586 – John Ford, English dramatist ( d. 1639 )

* 1699 – Jean Racine, French dramatist ( b. 1639 )

The painter Roelandt Savery ( 1576 – 1639 ) entered the St. Luke ’ s guild in Utrecht at about the same time.

He was Great Constable of the kingdom of Naples ( 1639-1641 ) as had been his father Filippo I Colonna, ( 1578 – 11 April 1639 ).

* 1579 – Martin de Porres, Peruvian saint ( d. 1639 )

* 1639 – Jean Racine, French dramatist ( d. 1699 )

* 1639 – Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar ( d. 1691 )

* 1587 – Stefano Landi, Italian composer ( d. 1639 )

He secondly married ( 1579 ) Sophie of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( October 30, 1563 – 1639 ), daughter of William of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Dorothea of Denmark.

* 1639 – Melchior Franck, German composer ( b. 1579 )

* 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders ", the first written constitution that created a government, is adopted in Connecticut.

Mustafa I Deli ( 1591 – January 20, 1639 ) (), son of Mehmed III, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1617 to 1618 and from 1622 to 1623.

* 1639 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish historian ( b. 1565 )

Murad IV reconquered Ottoman – Safavid War ( 1623 – 1639 ) | Baghdad from the Safavids in 1638.

Only two Sultans in this period personally exercised strong political and military control of the Empire: the vigorous Murad IV ( 1612 – 1640 ) recaptured Yerevan ( 1635 ) and Baghdad ( 1639 ) from the Safavids and reasserted central authority, albeit during a brief majority reign.

* 1639 – Simon van der Stel the last Commander and first Governor of the Cape Colony, the Dutch settlement at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa ( d. 1712 )

In 1627 he began his apprenticeship as vice-papal legate at Ferrara, and on recommendations from two cardinals he was appointed successively Inquisitor of Malta and nuncio in Cologne ( 1639 – 1651 ).

* Philemon Martyr, a play by Jesuit Jacob Bidermann ( 1578 – 1639 )

* Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran ( 1639 – 1686 ), 1st Earl of Arran, marshal of the army in Ireland, lord deputy of Ireland

* 1568 – Tommaso Campanella, Italian theologian, philosopher, and poet ( d. 1639 )

* December 23 – Martin Opitz von Boberfeld, German poet ( d. 1639 )

In 1639 it acquired Madras on the east coast of India, where it quickly surpassed Portuguese Goa as the principal European trading centre on the Indian Subcontinent.

Fort St. George ( India ) | Fort St. George was founded at Chennai | Madras in 1639

In 1639, the English East India Company purchased the village of Madraspatnam and one year later it established the Agency of Fort St George, precursor of the Madras Presidency, although there had been Company factories at Machilipatnam and Armagon since the very early 17th century.

The name Madras is derived from Madraspatnam, the site chosen by the British East India Company for a permanent settlement in 1639.

* Gardiners Island, founded 1639, now part of East Hampton, New York

In September 1639, the town incorporated, and included the territory now occupied by Rowley, Georgetown, Groveland, Boxford, and Bradford.

He had now gained a reputation as one of the foremost of the younger generals of France, and Richelieu next employed him in the Italian campaign of 1639 – 1640 under " Cadet la Perle ", Henri de Lorraine, count of Harcourt ( 1601 – 1666 ).

The land on which Winchester now sits was purchased from Native Americans by representatives of the settlement of Charlestown in 1639, and the area was first settled in 1640.

Increase Mather ( June 21, 1639 – August 23, 1723 ) was a major figure in the early history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay ( now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ).

In 1639 he oversaw the building of the mission fort of Sainte-Marie, Ontario's first European settlement, at what is now the town of Midland.

Besides numerous translations, Opitz edited ( 1639 ) Das Annolied, a Middle High German poem of the end of the 11th century, and thus preserved it from oblivion since the original manuscript is now lost.

Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut ( c. 1639 – 25 February 1710 ) was a French soldier and explorer who is the first European known to have visited the area where the city of Duluth, Minnesota is now located and the headwaters of the Mississippi River near Grand Rapids.

* Dunnottar Castle became the seat of the chief of Clan Keith in 1639 but is now ruined.

With his contemporaries Martin Opitz ( 1597 – 1639 ), Andreas Gryphius ( 1616 – 1664 ), Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau ( 1616 – 1679 ) and the rather later Daniel Casper von Lohenstein ( 1635 – 1683 ), Fleming is one of the writers now called " the Silesian poets " or " the Silesian school ".

Stephen Daye made a broadside printing of the document in 1639, but it is now lost.

The first recorded use of incunabula as a printing term is in a Latin pamphlet by Bernhard von Mallinckrodt, De ortu et progressu artis typographicae (" Of the rise and progress of the typographic art ", Cologne, 1639 ), which includes the phrase prima typographicae incunabula, " the first infancy of printing ", a term to which he arbitrarily set an end, 1500, which still stands as a convention.

In addition to those mentioned above he wrote Triall of our Church-Forsakers ( 1639 ), Milk for Babes, or a Mother's Catechism for her Children ( 1646 ), and A Christian Family builded by God, or Directions for Governors of Families ( 1653 ).

* Bernard of Saxe-Weimar ( 1604 – 1639 ), nobleman and general

* William Bradford ( 1590 – 1657 ), Prominent Leader and Governor of the Plymouth colony, in office 1621 – 1633, 1635 – 1636, 1637 – 1638, 1639 – 1644, 1645 – 1657

* Tommaso Campanella ( 1568 – 1639 ), Italian philosopher, theologian, astrologer, and poet

* Sir Henry Wotton of England ( 1568 – 1639 ), author and diplomat

* Elizabeth Cary, Lady Falkland ( 1584 – 1639 ), English poet, translator and dramatist

* Daniel Georg Morhof ( 1639 – 1691 ), historian

Pablo de Valladolid ( 1635 ), a buffoon evidently acting a part, and The Buffoon of Coria ( 1639 ) belong to this middle period.

She is also the subject of a tragedy by French classical playwright Jean Racine ( 1639 – 1699 ), entitled Andromaque, and a minor character in Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida.

* Jean Racine ( 1639 – 1699 ), 17th century French dramatist

Roger Ludlow ( 1590 – 1664 ), one of the founders of the Colony of Connecticut, helped to purchase and charter the towns of Fairfield ( 1639 ) and Norwalk ( purchased 1640, chartered as a town in 1651 ).

* John Towers ( bishop ), Bishop of Peterborough ( 1639 – 1649 )

* La Grange ( actor ), Charles Varlet de La Grange ( 1639 – 1692 ), French actor

There are five historic house museums, including Dudley Farm and the Henry Whitfield House ( 1639 ), the oldest dwelling house in Connecticut and the oldest stone house in North America.

Yarmouth was organized and named in 1639 by John Crowe ( later Crowell ), Thomas Howes and Anthony Thacher.

* Nathaniel Saltonstall ( 1639 – 1707 ), judge at the Salem witch trials

One of these died shortly after birth, the others were named Adriaen ( 1637 ), Neeltje ( 1639 ) and Aelken ( 1642 ).

* Martin van den Hove ( 1605 – 1639 ), a Dutch astronomer

* Nathaniel Vincent ( 1639 ?- 1697 ), nonconformist minister and writer, lived in Langley after the Restoration ( he was ejected in 1662 )