Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS ( ; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954 ), was a British mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist.

He was made a " Knight of the Indian Empire " by Queen Victoria, a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire by Edward VII ( 1902 ), and a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India by George V ( 1912 ).

* María Teresa, ( 12 November 1882 – 23 September 1912 ), married to Prince Ferdinand of Bavaria on 12 January 1906

Examples include Edward Elgar's Great is the Lord ( 1912 ) and Give unto the Lord ( 1914 ) ( both with orchestral accompaniment ), Benjamin Britten's Rejoice in the Lamb ( 1943 ) ( a modern example of a multi-movement anthem and today heard mainly as a concert piece ), and, on a much smaller scale, Ralph Vaughan Williams ' O taste and see ( 1952 ) ( written for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II ).

* Israel Bar ( 1912 – 1966 ), convicted of espionage by Israel in 1961

Only several years after its liberation ( 1878 ), Bulgaria became a regional military power and was involved in several major wars – Serbo-Bulgarian War ( 1885 ), First Balkan War ( 1912 – 13 ), Second Balkan War ( 1913 ), First World War ( 1915 – 1918 ) and Second World War ( 1941 – 1944 ), during which the Army gained significant combat experience.

In 1912 Vesto Slipher measured the first Doppler shift of a " spiral nebula " ( spiral nebula is the obsolete term for spiral galaxies ), and soon discovered that almost all such nebulae were receding from Earth.

* Gérard Blitz ( entrepreneur ) ( 1912 – 1990 ), founder of Club Med

#** Prince Louis Napoléon Murat ( Paris, December 22, 1851-Paris, September 22, 1912 ), married in Odessa, 23 November, 1873 Eudoxia Mikhailovna Somova ( Kharkov, February 17, 1850-Nice, May 6, 1924 ), related to Orest Somov, and had issue now extinct in male line ( great-grandfather of actor René Auberjonois )

* Cleopatra ( 1912 film ), a silent film created in 1912 by Helen Gardner

* The RSDLP was formally split in 1912, Henceforth, the Bolshevik faction was known as Russian Social Democratic Labour Party ( bolsheviks ), RSDLP ( b ) (), РСДРП ( б )).

The main magazine of this group from 1884 – 1957 was The Fraternal Visitor, whose editors included J. J. Bishop and J. J. Hadley ( d. 1912 ), then Thomas Turner, and finally Cyril Cooper ( till reunion in 1957 ).

* Samuel Coleridge-Taylor ( 1875 – 1912 ), English composer of African descent

** George Darwin ( 1845 – 1912 ), astronomer and mathematician

Gordon Onslow Ford ( 1912 – 2003 ), a leading British surrealist painter, attended the Royal Naval College.

* Jones, D. and Kwing Tong Woo ( 1912 ), " A Cantonese Phonetic Reader ", London: University of London Press ; rpt in Jones ( 2002 ).

The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica called the series of wars the Great Rebellion, while some historians, especially Marxists such as Christopher Hill ( 1912 – 2003 ), have long favoured the term English Revolution.

Albanians celebrate their independence day on 28 November ( which is the date on which they declared their independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912 ), while in the former People's Socialist Republic of Albania the National Liberation festivity date was 29 November.

It was for this reason, and no other that I can see, that in September 1912, Braque took the radical and revolutionary step of pasting actual pieces of imitation-woodgrain wallpaper to a drawing on paper, instead of trying to simulate its texture in paint.

The `` Poems of 1912 - 13 '' offer a good example of Hardy's style as it was manifested in the later productive decade.

Even before it was formally dissolved in 1912, the A.L.A.M. was succeeded by the Automobile Board of Trade, the direct lineal ancestor of the present-day Automobile Manufacturers Association.

The prevailing view in the industry was summed up in 1912 by a group of auto makers who told a Senate committee: `` The exceedingly unsatisfactory and uselessly expensive conditions, including delays surrounding legal disputes, particularly in patent litigation, are items of industrial burden which must be written large in figures of many millions of dollars of industrial waste ''.

or `` Carmine Theater, 1912 '', the only canvas with an ash can ( and foraging dog ), although Sloan was a member of the famous `` Eight '', and of the so-called `` Ash-Can School '', a term he resented.

Alfred Elton van Vogt ( April 26, 1912 – January 26, 2000 ) was a Canadian-born science fiction author regarded as one of the most popular and complex science fiction writers of the mid-twentieth century: the " Golden Age " of the genre.

Alexis Carrel ( June 28, 1873 – November 5, 1944 ) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques.

While there he collaborated with American physician Charles Claude Guthrie in work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs as well as the head, and Carrel was awarded the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for these efforts.

However, both Julius and Ethel wanted their children to be brought up in England, so they moved to Maida Vale, London, where Turing was born on 23 June 1912, as recorded by a blue plaque on the outside of the house of his birth, later the Colonnade Hotel.

The Australian Labor Party ( also ALP and Labor, was Labour before 1912 ) is a social-democratic political party in Australia.

Even as late as 1912 it was normal in the West to assume that all art aims at beauty, and thus that anything that wasn't trying to be beautiful couldn't count as art.

The first proposal for a tank was by the Austrian Oberleutenant Günther Burstyn who, in 1911, proposed a design for " motor artillery " ( Motorengeschütz ) with a turret, but his design never progressed beyond a German patent in 1912.

In 1912, the Anthroposophical Society was founded.

The SANNC was founded in the subsequent year on 8 January 1912.

In December, 2007, St. George Absinthe Verte, produced by St. George Spirits became the first brand of American-made absinthe to be legally produced in the United States since a ban was enacted in 1912.

Brigitte Bardot was born in Paris to Anne-Marie ' Toty ' Mucel ( 1912 – 1978 ) and Louis ' Pilou ' Bardot ( 1896 – 1975 ).

By the summer of 1912 Heelis had proposed marriage and Beatrix had accepted, although she did not immediately tell her parents who once again disapproved because Heelis was only a country solicitor.

As a result Asquith was forced to introduce a new third Home Rule bill in 1912.

The First Balkan War broke out when the League attacked the Ottoman Empire on 8 October 1912 and was ended seven months later by the Treaty of London.

With the initial encouragement of Russian agents, a series of agreements was concluded between Serbia and Bulgaria in March 1912.

In 1909, tests showed cellulose diacetate to be a viable replacement base, and Kodak began selling acetate-base films the following year in 22 mm widths for Edison's work on the Home Kinetoscope, which was commercially released in 1912.

* 1912 – The first Indian film, Shree Pundalik by Dadasaheb Torne is released in Mumbai.

* The first U. S. feature film, Oliver Twist, was released in 1912.

* The first mob film, D. W. Griffith's The Musketeers of Pig Alley was released in 1912.

In August 1912, by an act of the U. S. Congress, they were released from their prisoner of war status after they were thought to be no further threat.

Work on standardizing kenjutsu kata continued for years, with several groups involved, until in 1912 an official edict was released by the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai.

It began slowly in the 1900s, and 1910 saw 4 narrative films released, then 51 in 1911, 30 in 1912, and 17 in 1913, and back to 4 in 1914, when the beginning of World War I brought an end to film making.

Put together in December 1911, and released in 1912, McCay's second film ( also known as The Story of a Mosquito ) is one of the earliest examples of line-drawn animation.

In 1912 Strohmenger released a heavily coated electrode but high cost and complex production methods prevented these early electrodes from gaining popularity.

A series of twelve Parcel Post stamps intended for this service had already been released in December 1912, ranging in denomination from 1 ¢ to $ 1.

Formed in 1912 during the largest pre-Pinatubo volcanic eruption of the 20th century, Novarupta released 30 times the volume of magma as the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.

Ben Kilpatrick was released from prison in 1911, and was killed during a train robbery in Texas in 1912.

The first Indian movie released in India was Shree pundalik a silent film in Marathi by Dadasaheb Torne on 18 May 1912 at ' Coronation Cinematograph ', Mumbai.

Later, he studied video production, and released the documentary From There to Here: Scenes of Passage., a chronicle of the American immigration of two Russian women from the same family, one in 1912 and the other in 1978.

The Debut of Thomas Cat, the first cartoon made in color ( although some claim the first animated short was made by Natural Colour Kinematograph Company, which was In Gollywog Land ( 1912, UK ), a stop motion film in Kinemacolor who also contained live action )— Brewster Color, invented by Percy Brewster of Newark, New Jersey — was released on February 8, 1920.

Starting in 1910 and continuing through 1945, cadmium was released in significant quantities by mining operations, and the disease first appeared around 1912.

A feature film of the coronation titled With Our King and Queen Through India ( 1912 ) – also known as The Durbar in Delhi – was filmed in the early color process Kinemacolor and released on 2 February 1912.

The Lost World is a novel released in 1912 by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle concerning an expedition to a plateau in the Amazon basin of South America where prehistoric animals ( dinosaurs and other extinct creatures ) still survive.

But, although he moved on from the marvelous lucidity of his early poems to the deep obscurity of his later work called Pripovetke ( Storytelling ), released posthumously in two volumes on two different occasions, 1882 – 1883 and 1912 in Belgrade.

When government anti-trust action forced divestiture in 1912, DuPont retained the nitrocellulose smokeless powder formulations used by the United States military and released the double-base formulations used in sporting ammunition to the reorganized Hercules Powder Company.

The film was released on October 31, 1912 and re-released on November 5, 1915 in the United States.

In this series, the symphonic poems Der Sieger ( 1913 ) and Schlemihl ( 1912 ), along with a number of symphonies (# 2 " Ironische " and # 5 " Tanzsinfonie ") and the overture Raskolnikoff ( 1931 ) have already been released ( November, 2006 ).

He was released by the Braves on March 20, 1912, after 44 – 107 record in one season ; Tenney was paid not to manage for the second year on his contract.