The 1858 senate campaign featured the seven Lincoln – Douglas debates of 1858, the most famous political debates in American history.

* 1858 – Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician ( d. 1932 )

* 1858 – Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, ( d. 1934 )

After 1890 came philosopher Josiah Royce ( 1855 – 1916 ), botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey ( 1858 – 1954 ), the Southern Agrarians of the 1920s and 1930s, novelist John Steinbeck ( 1902 – 1968 ), historian A. Whitney Griswold ( 1906 – 1963 ), environmentalist Aldo Leopold ( 1887 – 1948 ), Ralph Borsodi ( 1886 – 1977 ), and present-day authors Wendell Berry ( b. 1934 ), Gene Logsdon ( b. 1932 ), Paul Thompson, and Allan C. Carlson ( b. 1949 ).

* 1858 – Gaston Doumergue, French politician ( d. 1937 )

* 1858 – Hans Rott, Austrian composer ( d. 1884 )

Bloch was highly interdisciplinary, influenced by the geography of Paul Vidal de la Blache ( 1845 – 1918 ) and the sociology of Émile Durkheim ( 1858 – 1917 ).

* 1858 – The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is wound up.

* Adrian Kashchenko ( 1858 – 1921 ), Ukrainian writer, historian of Zaporozhian Cossacks

* 1858 – E. Nesbit, English author ( d. 1924 )

* 1858 – U. S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

* 1858 – Arthur Achleitner, German writer ( d. 1927 )

* 1858 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria ( d. 1889 )

* Alexander Karađorđević, Prince of Serbia ( 1842 – 1858 )

* 1858 – The Round Oak rail accident occurs in Brierley Hill in the Black Country, England.

* 1858 – Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts.

* 1858 – The Eiger in the Bernese Alps is ascended for the first time by Charles Barrington accompanied by Christian Almer and Peter Bohren.

* 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1930 )

Bipin Chandra Pal (; November 7, 1858 – May 20, 1932 ) was an Indian nationalist.

** Jagdish Chandra Bose, Indian physicist ( b. 1858 )

Acharya Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose, CSI, CIE, FRS ( Jôgodish Chôndro Boshu ; 30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937 ) was an Indian Bengali polymath: a physicist, biologist, botanist, archaeologist, as well as an early writer of science fiction.

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose was born in Bikrampur, Bengal, ( now Munshiganj District of Bangladesh ) on 30 November 1858.

* November 23-Jagadish Chandra Bose ( born 1858 ), Bengali physicist.

* 23 November-Jagadish Chandra Bose, physicist, biologist, botanist, archaeologist and science fiction writer ( born 1858 ).

* Jagadish Chandra Bose ( 1858 – 1937 )

Indian scientist Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose was born in Mymensingh on 30 November 1858.

After the Indian Mutiny of 1857, in 1858 the powers of the Company were transferred to the British Crown and the Governor-General of India.

The principal measure of the 1858 session would be a bill to re-organise governance of India, the Indian Mutiny having exposed the inadequacy of dual control.

* 1858 – The Battle of Morar takes place during the Indian Mutiny.

* 1835 – Rani Lakshmibai, Indian Queen ( d. 1858 )

* July 2 – Baba Sawan Singh, Indian saint known as " The Great Master ," ( b. 1858 )

* November 19 – Rani Lakshmi Bai, Indian freedom fighter ( d. 1858 )

Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 after the Battle of Plassey and lasted until 1858 when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown assuming direct control of India in the new British Raj.

Indian fighter and buffalo hunter W. S. Sterling settled in the area circa 1858.

Several U. S. Army forts were maintained in the county and many engagements during the Rogue River Indian War ( 1855 – 1858 ) took place within its boundaries.

In 1858, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 ( also called the First War of Indian Independence ), the British East India Company went out of existence.

Ten years later, residents leveled an Indian mound in the middle of town to make the public square and Major John McCollough built the second courthouse, the first brick structure in Milan, on this site during 1857 – 1858.

Delayed by the Indian War of 1858, construction began in 1859 from Fort Walla Walla.

The Town of Indian Lake was established in 1858 from the Towns of Gilman ( now defunct ), Long Lake, and Wells.

Lake Pleasant was a " mother town " of the county and other towns were made, in whole or part, by removing parts of its territory: Morehouse ( 1835 ), Arietta ( 1836 ), part of Long Lake ( 1837 ), part of Hope ( 1847 ), part of Wells, ( 1858 ), and part of Indian Lake ( 1861 ).

In 1858, the last Indian uprising occurred in Eastern Washington.

* Sufi Amba Prasad ( 1858 – 1919 ), Indian nationalist and pan-Islamist leader

Kingdom of Travancore (; ) was a former Hindu feudal kingdom ( till 1858 ) and Indian princely state that had been ruled by the Travancore Royal Family from the capital at Padmanabhapuram or Thiruvananthapuram.

The widespread use of the Indian word " hookah " in the English language is a result of the British Raj, the British dominion of India ( 1858 – 1947 ), when large numbers of expatriate Britons first sampled the water pipe.

* 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles ( Frontier Force ) ( raised 1858, allocated to Indian Army at independence in 1947 )

* Francis Edward Henry Farquharson, Indian Mutiny Lucknow, 9th March 1858

* John Simpson ( VC ), Indian Mutiny Fort Ruhya, 15th April 1858