President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865

* Mary Hunter Austin ( 1868 – 1934 ), American writer

* 1868 – Akiyama Saneyuki, Japanese naval commander ( d. 1918 )

* 1868 – Hong Beom-do, Korean activist ( d. 1943 )

* 1868 – Paul Claudel, French poet ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25, 000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.

* 1868 – Constantine I of Greece ( d. 1923 )

* 1917 – Scott Joplin, American musician and composer ( b. 1868 )

* 1868 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian mathematician ( d. 1931 )

* 1868 – Bernarr Macfadden, American bodybuilder, author, and publisher, founded Macfadden Publications ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium.

* 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( d. 1868 )

* 1868 – Nikolaos Levidis, Greek target shooter

During the Tokugawa period ( 1600 – 1868 ) the Ainu became increasingly involved in trade with Japanese who controlled the southern portion of the island that is now called Hokkaido.

* 1868 – The Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.

* 1868 – Edgar Lee Masters, American author ( d. 1950 )

The dethroning of queen Isabel II meant a vacuum that was profited by the Bank of New York and some Cubans opposed to the projected extension of the 1837 Abolition Act to finance a Texas style " independence " revolution known as the Cuban 10 Years War ( 1868 – 78 ) lost by the Cubans.

* 1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect and designer ( d. 1940 )

* 1794 – Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, German botanist ( d. 1868 )

August Horch ( 12 October 1868 – 3 February 1951 ) was a German engineer and automobile pioneer, the founder of the manufacturing giant which would eventually become Audi.

* Charles Aubrey Eaton ( 1868 – 1953 ), clergyman and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives, representing the from 1925 – 1933, and the from 1933-1953.

* 1868 – Hugo Eckener, German pilot and businessman ( d. 1954 )

* 1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.

* 1868 – Henry James O ' Farrell, Australian attempted assassin of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Meanwhile, in 1868 Morisot became acquainted with Édouard Manet.

Édouard Manet, Portrait of Émile Zola, 1868, Musée d ' Orsay

File: Édouard Vuillard 001. jpg | Édouard Vuillard ( 1868 – 1940 )

* 1868 in art-Birth of Édouard Vuillard

* Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild ( 1868 – 1949 ), a French financier

Jean Baptiste Édouard Verreaux ( 1810 – 1868 ) was a French naturalist, collector and dealer.

Image: Manet, Edouard-Portrait of Emile Zola. jpg | Édouard Manet, Portrait of Émile Zola, 1868, Musée d ' Orsay.

Otlet was born in Brussels, Belgium on 23 August 1868, the oldest child of Édouard Otlet ( Brussels 13 June 1842-Blanquefort, France, 20 October 1907 ) and Maria ( née Van Mons ).

He wrote the libretto for Gounod's Le tribut de Zamora ( 1881 ); with Louis Gallet and Édouard Blau he composed the libretto to Massenet's Le Cid ( 1885 ); and, again in collaboration with Cormon, the librettos of Auber's operas, Le premier jour de bonheur ( 1868 ) and Reve d ' amour ( 1869 ).

With Jean Baptist Édouard Verreaux ( 1810 – 1868 ), he wrote Histoire naturelle des punaises de France, ( Natural History of the bugs of France ) between 1865 to 1879.

* Alphonse Girandy ( 1868 – 1941 ), a United States Navy sailor

Known as Alphonse, he was the eldest son of James Mayer de Rothschild ( 1792 – 1868 ).

Just three months before their father died in 1868, Alphonse and Gustave convinced him to buy the more prestigious First Growth Château Lafite vineyard in Pauillac when it came up for sale.

On the death of their father in 1868, Alphonse and Gustave inherited the Château Lafite-Rothschild vineyard.

Alphonse de Rothschild inherited a large fortune on the death of his father in 1868, including share positions in de Rothschild Frères bank and the Northern Railway company.

His siblings included Sarah ( 1802 – 1859 ), Naphtali ( 1807 ), Ralph ( 1809 – 1898 ), and James ( 1813 – 1868 ).

Although control systems of various types date back to antiquity, a more formal analysis of the field began with a dynamics analysis of the centrifugal governor, conducted by the physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1868 entitled On Governors.

* 1868 – James Buchanan, American lawyer and politician, 15th President of the United States ( b. 1791 )

* 1916 – James Connolly, Irish socialist and leader of the Easter Rising ( b. 1868 )

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* April 23 – James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States ( d. 1868 )

* January 20 – James Connolly, American athlete ( b. 1868 )

* July 20 – James Alexander Calder, Canadian politician ( b. 1868 )

* May 12 – James Connolly, Irish socialist ( b. 1868 )

* May 15 – James Mayer Rothschild, German-born banker ( d. 1868 )

In March 1868, Howard Kemp ( James Stewart ) is tracking Ben Vandergroat ( Robert Ryan ), who is wanted for the murder of the marshal in Abilene, Kansas.

On November 2, 2009, the Lakota Nation filed a lawsuit against the United States, Arizona State, James Arthur Ray and Angel Valley Retreat Center site owners, to have Ray and the site owners arrested and punished under the Sioux Treaty of 1868 between the United States and the Lakota Nation, which states that “ if bad men among the whites or other people subject to the authority of the United States shall commit any wrong upon the person or the property of the Indians, the United States will (...) proceed at once to cause the offender to be arrested and punished according to the laws of the United States, and also reimburse the injured person for the loss sustained .”

In 1868 James Clerk Maxwell wrote a famous paper " On governors " that is widely considered a classic in feedback control theory.

Harold James Ruthven Murray ( 24 June 1868 – 16 May 1955 ), was an English educationalist, inspector of schools, and prominent chess historian.

In 1868, at the end of his term as district attorney, he entered law practice with his cousin, James S. Ewing, moving with his wife back to Bloomington, settling in a large house on Franklin Square.

* St James ' Church, Cradley, Herefordshire Chancel ( 1868 )

* James W. Wise — United States Congressman ; born in McDonough in 1868.

In 1868, the Ann Arbor railroad came through the area and resident James Bush, while officially platting the land, bartered with the railroad some of his property for the right to have the station named after his wife, Rose.

The town of Weir was settled by a former Confederate Colonel John Weir and his brother, James in 1868.

According to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the first settlers of Osceola, which included the families of Reverend James Query and Vinson Perry Davis, arrived in October 1868.

* James Parker ( 1776 – 1868 ), member of the House of Representatives from New Jersey