President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865

* Mary Hunter Austin ( 1868 – 1934 ), American writer

* 1868 – Akiyama Saneyuki, Japanese naval commander ( d. 1918 )

* 1868 – Hong Beom-do, Korean activist ( d. 1943 )

* 1868 – Paul Claudel, French poet ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25, 000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.

* 1868 – Constantine I of Greece ( d. 1923 )

* 1917 – Scott Joplin, American musician and composer ( b. 1868 )

* 1868 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian mathematician ( d. 1931 )

* 1868 – Bernarr Macfadden, American bodybuilder, author, and publisher, founded Macfadden Publications ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium.

* 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( d. 1868 )

* 1868 – Nikolaos Levidis, Greek target shooter

During the Tokugawa period ( 1600 – 1868 ) the Ainu became increasingly involved in trade with Japanese who controlled the southern portion of the island that is now called Hokkaido.

* 1868 – The Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.

* 1868 – Edgar Lee Masters, American author ( d. 1950 )

The dethroning of queen Isabel II meant a vacuum that was profited by the Bank of New York and some Cubans opposed to the projected extension of the 1837 Abolition Act to finance a Texas style " independence " revolution known as the Cuban 10 Years War ( 1868 – 78 ) lost by the Cubans.

* 1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect and designer ( d. 1940 )

* 1794 – Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, German botanist ( d. 1868 )

August Horch ( 12 October 1868 – 3 February 1951 ) was a German engineer and automobile pioneer, the founder of the manufacturing giant which would eventually become Audi.

* Charles Aubrey Eaton ( 1868 – 1953 ), clergyman and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives, representing the from 1925 – 1933, and the from 1933-1953.

* 1868 – Hugo Eckener, German pilot and businessman ( d. 1954 )

* 1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.

* 1868 – Henry James O ' Farrell, Australian attempted assassin of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

In the early 20th century, people like Ordway Tead ( 1891 – 1973 ), Walter Scott and J. Mooney applied the principles of psychology to management, while other writers, such as Elton Mayo ( 1880 – 1949 ), Mary Parker Follett ( 1868 – 1933 ), Chester Barnard ( 1886 – 1961 ), Max Weber ( 1864 – 1920 ), Rensis Likert ( 1903 – 1981 ), and Chris Argyris ( 1923-) approached the phenomenon of management from a sociological perspective.

* 1912 – Sir Robert Falcon Scott, English explorer, member of the Scott Expedition to the South Pole ( b. 1868 )

Robert Falcon Scott, CVO ( 6 June 1868 – 29 March 1912 ) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, 1901 – 04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, 1910 – 13.

Scott was born on 6 June 1868, the third child out of six and elder son of John Edward and Hannah ( née Cuming ) Scott of Stoke Damerel, near Devonport, Devon.

* April 17 – Scott Joplin, African-American musician and composer ( b. 1867 – 1868 )

** Robert Falcon Scott, English explorer ( b. 1868 )

Although the Supreme Court has never explicitly overruled the Dred Scott case, the Court stated in the Slaughter-House Cases that at least one part of it had already been overruled by the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868, which begins by stating, " All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.

In 1868, a town was founded by William Scott and Colonel E. G. Sebree of Trenton, Kentucky.

With the corporate name Scott & LaDue, they built a sawmill in 1868 and a grist mill in 1870.

The company was founded in 1868 by Orlando Scott in Marysville, and has grown to have an $ 8 billion market.

The town was incorporated on February 21, 1868, and named in honor of Winfield Scott, the commanding general of the U. S. Army during the Mexican – American War.

Other plays they premiered or produced there were W. S. Gilbert's Allow Me To Explain ( 1867 ) and his romantic comedy tribute to Robertson, Sweethearts ( 1874 ), as well as Tame Cats ( 1868 ), Lytton's Money ( 1872 ), The School for Scandal ( 1874 ), Boucicault's London Assurance ( 1877 ), and Diplomacy ( 1878 ), an adaptation of Sardou's Dora by Clement Scott and B. C. Stephenson.

* April 1 – Scott Joplin, ragtime composer ( b. 1868 )

Cover of the first Scott catalog, 1868

It was published in September 1868 by John Walter Scott, an early stamp dealer in New York, and purported to list all the stamps of the world, with prices for each.

The new station at St Pancras, completed in 1868, has remained as a marvel of " Victorian Gothic " architecture, in the form of the enormous hotel by Gilbert Scott which faces Euston Road, and the massive wrought-iron train shed designed by William Barlow.

Ragtime composer, Scott Joplin, was born in 1868 near Texarkana.

** Robert Falcon Scott ( born 1868 ), English Antarctic explorer.

Following the death of Edith Hannah in 1888, he met Annie Scott Dill Russell ( 1868 – 1947 ) in 1890, a mathematician with whom he collaborated for the remainder of his life.

Cover of the 1868 Scott catalogue covering the first 28 years of stamps ; " America and Foreign "

For his three-tiered new reredos, Scott made use of parts of the existing, much smaller, altarpiece created between 1864 – 1868 by Louvain woodcarver Michiel Abeloos.