Aldona married Casimir III of Poland, when he was 15 or 16 years old.

Casimir III the Great () ( 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370 ) who reigned in 1333 – 1370, was the last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty, the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Duchess Hedwig of Kalisz.

However, Casimir III the Great submitted to the Golden Horde and undertook to pay tribute in order to avoid more conflicts.

Casimir III married four times.

File: Kazimierz III sarcophagus figure. jpg | Effigy of Casimir from his own tomb erected by his nephew around 1371

File: Casimir III the Great. PNG | Kazimierz the Great, by Marcello Bacciarelli

ca: Casimir III de Polònia

fr: Casimir III de Pologne

nl: Casimir III van Polen

oc: Casimir III de Polonha

simple: Casimir III of Poland

The Kingdom was restored under Władysław I the Elbow-high, strengthened and expanded by his son Casimir III the Great.

* Hedwig of Kalisz ( 1266 – 1339 ), wife of the King Władysław I the Elbow-high and mother of Casimir III of Poland and Elisabeth of Poland.

According to the Annales Cracovienses Compilati, this event took place in 1136 ; since it can be assumed that the Polish princess was younger than her betrothed, and also are known the birth dates of the youngest children of Bolesław III ( Agnes in 1137 and Casimir in 1138 ), Judith in consequence could have been born between 1130 and 1135.

Its last king, Casimir III, had left no legitimate son and considered his male grandchildren either unsuited or too young to reign.

There were descendants of superseded daughters of Casimir III of Poland ( d. 1370 ), such as his youngest daughter Anna, Countess of Celje ( d. 1425 without surviving Issue ), and her daughter Anna of Celje ( 1380 – 1416 ) whom Władysław II Jagiełło married next.

Emperor Sigismund himself was an heir of Casimir III, as eldest son of his mother Elisabeth of Pomerania, who was since 1377 the only surviving child of Elisabeth of Poland, herself daughter of Casimir III from his first marriage with Aldona Gediminaite of Lithuania.

Among them were Boleslaw IV the Curly, Mieszko III the Old, Casimir II the Just, Leszek I the White, Boleslaw V the Chaste, Leszek II the Black, Wladyslaw I the Elbow-high, and King of Bohemia, Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, who united Lesser Poland in 1290 / 1291.

It became visible during the reign of Casimir III the Great, who favored less known Lesser Poland's noble families, at the expense of Greater Poland's nobility.

* 1370 – King Casimir III the Great of Poland ( b. 1310 )

Clement also excommunicated King Casimir III of Poland and made Prague an archbishopric in 1344.

A wiec ( King's Council ) in the time of King Casimir III of Poland | Kazimierz the Great, 14th century

His mother was Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, and his wife Elisabeth of Austria.

Alexander was born as son of the King Casimir IV Jagiellon of Poland and Elisabeth Habsburg of Hungary, daughter of the King Albert of Hungary.

When Casimir, the last Piast king of Poland, died in 1370, his nephew King Louis I of Hungary succeeded him to become king of Poland in personal union with Hungary.

Veche # Poland | Wiec in reign of Casimir the Great

Although Jews had lived in Poland since before the reign of King Casimir, he allowed them to settle in Poland in great numbers and protected them as people of the king.

Casimir's full title was: Casimir by the grace of God king of Poland, lord and heir of the land of Kraków, Sandomierz, Sieradz, Łęczyca, Kuyavia, Pomerania ( Pomerelia ) and Ruthenia.

For assistance against the Order, the Confederation asked for help from King Casimir IV of Poland ; Casimir's subsequent claiming of Prussia led to the Thirteen Years ' War.

On 14 February 1479 at Frankfurt ( Oder ) he was married to Sophia of Poland ( 6 April 1464-5 October 1512 ), daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland by his wife Elisabeth of Habsburg, and sister of King Sigismund I of Poland.

( This division of Crown Poland into two entities called Greater and Lesser Poland had its roots in the Statutes of Casimir the Great of 1346 – 1362, where the laws of " Greater Poland " – the northern part of the country – were codified in the Piotrków statute, with those of " Lesser Poland " in the separate Wiślica statute.

He was born in Ansbach, the third of eight sons of Margrave Frederick the Elder and his wife Sophia of Poland, daughter of Casimir IV of Poland and Elisabeth of Habsburg.

George was married at Dresden, on 21 November 1496, to Barbara Jagiellon, daughter of Casimir IV, King of Poland and Elisabeth, daughter of Albrecht II of Hungary.

* Hedwig Jagiellon ( 1457 – 1502 ), daughter of the King Casimir IV Jagiellon of Poland and Elisabeth Habsburg of Hungary.

Her husband Casimir is known for his romantic affairs: after Aldona's death he married three more times.

Casimir is the only Polish king who both received and kept the title of the Great in Polish history ( Bolesław I Chrobry is also called the Great, but his title Chrobry ( Valiant ) is now more common ).

Although the Casimir effect can be expressed in terms of virtual particles interacting with the objects, it is best described and more easily calculated in terms of the zero-point energy of a quantized field in the intervening space between the objects.

Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947, and, after a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 ; the former is called the Casimir-Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.

In modern theoretical physics, the Casimir effect plays an important role in the chiral bag model of the nucleon ; and in applied physics, it is significant in some aspects of emerging microtechnologies and nanotechnologies.

A new theory has been proposed that Modifies inertia by assuming it is due to Unruh radiation subject to a Hubble scale Casimir effect ( MiHsC, or quantised inertia ).

* Earliest day on which Casimir Pulaski Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest ; celebrated on the first Monday in March.

The name Dagomir is used to this day and its construction is similar to other Polish names like for example: Władimir / Włodzimierz or Casimir / Kazimierz.

Evidence for such zero-point energy is observed in the Casimir effect.

He is shown chiseling at the tomb of King Casimir IV.

( Many physicists such as Stephen Hawking, Kip Thorne, and others believe that the Casimir effect is evidence that negative energy densities are possible in nature.

* The Casimir effect is discovered by Dutch physicist Hendrik Casimir.

* August 6 – Ernest Casimir of Nassau-Dietz is appointed as stadtholder of Groningen.

* August 16 – Ernest Casimir of Nassau-Dietz is appointed stadtholder of Drenthe.

It is true that certain experimentally verified quantum phenomena, such as the Casimir effect, when described in the context of the quantum field theories, lead to stress – energy tensors that also violate the energy conditions, such as negative mass-energy, and thus one can hope that Alcubierre-type warp drives can be physically realized by clever engineering taking advantage of such quantum effects.