* March 10 – The Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge of Pope Pius XI is published in Nazi Germany.

** The Encyclical Divini Redemptoris of Pope Pius XI about communism is published.

* April 13: Encyclical of Pope Pius VI, Charitas, condemning the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and the unauthorised appointment of Bishops is published

Pope Leo XII ( 1823 – 1829 ), Encyclical Ubi Primum: " It is impossible for the most true God, who is Truth Itself, the best, the wisest Provider, and rewarder of good men, to approve all sects who profess false teachings which are often inconsistent with one another and contradictory, and to confer eternal rewards on their members.

Pope Gregory XVI ( 1831 – 1846 ), Encyclical Summo Jugiter Studio ( on mixed marriages ), 5-6, May 27, 1832: " You know how zealously Our predecessors taught that very article of faith which these dare to deny, namely the necessity of the Catholic faith and of unity for salvation.

Pope Pius IX ( 1846 – 1878 ), Encyclical Singulari Quidem March 17, 1856 ): " Teach that just as there is only one God, one Christ, one Holy Spirit, so there is also only one truth which is divinely revealed.

Pope Pius IX ( 1846 – 1878 ), Encyclical Quanto conficiamur moerore, August 10, 1863: " And here, beloved Sons and Venerable Brothers, We should mention again and censure a very grave error in which some Catholics are unhappily engaged, who believe that men living in error, and separated from the true faith and from Catholic unity, can attain eternal life.

Pope Pius IX The Syllabus of Errors, attached to Encyclical Quanta Cura, 1864: following are prescribed errors: " 16.

Pope Leo XIII ( 1878 – 1903 ), Encyclical Annum Ingressi Sumus: " This is our last lesson to you ; receive it, engrave it in your minds, all of you: by God's commandment salvation is to be found nowhere but in the Church.

Pope St. Pius X ( 1903 – 1914 ), Encyclical Jucunda Sane: " It is our duty to recall to everyone great and small, as the Holy Pontiff Gregory did in ages past, the absolute necessity which is ours, to have recourse to this Church to effect our eternal salvation.

Pope Benedict XV ( 1914 – 1922 ), Encyclical Ad Beatissimi Apostolorum: " Such is the nature of the Catholic faith that it does not admit of more or less, but must be held as a whole, or as a whole rejected: This is the Catholic faith, which unless a man believe faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved.

Pope Pius XI ( 1922 – 1939 ), Encyclical Mortalium Animos: " The Catholic Church alone is keeping the true worship.

Pope Pius XII ( 1939 – 1958 ), Encyclical Humani Generis, August 12, 1950: " Some reduce to a meaningless formula the necessity of belonging to the true Church in order to gain eternal salvation.

* Arcanum Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII on Christian Marriage

Pope Leo XIII shed more direct light upon the question in his Encyclical Immortale Dei ( 12 November 1885 ), where we read: " God has apportioned the government of the human race between two powers, the ecclesiastical and the civil, the former set over things divine, the latter over things human.

* Ad Apostolorum Principis Encyclical Letter of Pope Pius XII regarding the Church in China

* Orientales Omnes Ecclesias: Encyclical of Pope Pius XII

On October 29, 1951 in his ' allocution to midwives ', Pope Pius XII citing Pope Pius XI Encyclical Casti Connubii of December 31, 1930 delared "... that every attempt of either husband or wife in the performance of the conjugal act or in the development of its natural consequences which aims at depriving it of its inherent force and hinders the procreation of new life is immoral and that no ' índication ' of need can convert an act which is intrinsically immoral into a moral and lawful one.

* QUAS PRIMAS: Encyclical on the Feast of Christ the King His Holiness Pope Pius XI, December 11, 1925

The Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs was a letter sent in May, 1848 by the patriarchs of the Orthodox Church in reply to Pope Pius IX's Epistle to the Easterns ( 1848 ).

In the middle of the Second Vatican Council, on September 3, 1965, a few days before opening the fourth session, Pope Paul VI issued the Encyclical Mysterium Fidei whereby he urged daily Mass and communion and said that " In the course of the day the faithful should not omit to visit the Blessed Sacrament, which according to the liturgical laws must be kept in the churches with great reverence in a most honorable location.

Pope Benedict XVI's 2009 Encyclical Caritas in Veritate added many additional perspectives to the Social Teaching tradition, including in particular relationships with the concepts of Charity and Truth, and introduced the idea of the need for a strong " World Political Authority " to deal with humanity's most pressing challenges and problems.

* Pope Leo XIII's Encyclical Rerum Novarum

Pius IX gave it his approval in the Encyclical Letter Saepe Venerabilis ( 5 August 1871 ).

* The Encyclical Letter Humanae Vitae on the Vatican website

* ( edited with Carl E. Braaten ) Church Unity and the Papal Office: An Ecumenical Dialogue on John Paul II's Encyclical Ut Unum Sint ( 2001 )

Among his historico-apologetic essays are his treatises on the errors condemned by the Holy See in the Encyclical ( Syllabus ) of 8 December, 1864 ( in the Chilianeum, 1865 ), the veneration of the Blessed Virgin in the first ten centuries of the Christian Era ( Münster, 1870 ).

* The Encyclical That Never Was: The Story of the Commission on Population, Family and Birth, 1964-66 ( 1987 ) ISBN 0-7220-3405-9

" His last Encyclical is on the Holy Eucharist, which he says " contains the Church's entire spiritual wealth: Christ himself.

# his defense of life and the human embryo through unprecedented " infallible " teachings on abortion, euthanasia, and murder as grave sins in the Encyclical Evangelium Vitae,

* Encyclical Mystici Corporis Christi on the Vatican website

Pope Pius 12, declared in 1951 that it is possible to be exempt from the normal obligation of parenthood for a long time and even for the whole duration of married life, if there are serious reasons, such as those often mentioned in the so-called medical, eugenic, economic and social `` indications ''.

Pope Pius the Sixth, at Rome, in April, 1778, wrote the following: `` The faithful should be excited to the reading of the Holy Scriptures: For these are the most abundant sources which ought to be left open to everyone, to draw from them purity of morals and of doctrine, to eradicate errors which are so widely disseminated in these corrupt times ''.

** Saint Pope Pius V

* 1953 – Pope Pius XII establishes the Dioceses of Norwich and Bridgeport and makes the Diocese of Hartford an archdiocese.

* 1740 – Pope Pius VII ( d. 1823 )

** Pope Pius X

He was canonized and proclaimed a Doctor of the Church on December 16, 1931 by Pope Pius XI and patron saint of the sciences.

Category: Saints canonized by Pope Pius XI

* 1865 – Astronomer Pietro Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L ’ Immaculata Concezion.

* 1808 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore is promoted to an archdiocese, with the founding of the dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown ( now Louisville ) by Pope Pius VII.

2, " Romani "), made them Referendaries of Favours, and after three years of service, Referendaries of Justice, enjoying the privileges of Referendaries and permitting one to assist in the signatures before the Pope, giving all a right to a portion in the papal palace and exempting them from the registration of favours as required by Pius IV ( Const., 98 ) with regard to matters pertaining to the Apostolic Chamber.

The college was suppressed in 1908 by Pope Pius X and their duties were transferred to the protonotarii apostolici participantes.

* Pope Pius VII ( 1742 – 1823, r. 1800 – 23 )

In 1830, Pope Pius VIII bestowed upon Bernard the title " Doctor of the Church ".

Significant changes came in 1910 with the reform of the Roman Breviary by Pope Pius X.

Pope Pius XII introduced optional use of a new translation of the Psalms from the Hebrew to a more classical Latin.

Pope John XXIII also revised the Breviary in 1960, introducing changes drawn up by his predecessor Pope Pius XII.

The arrangement of the Psalms in the Rule of St. Benedict had a profound impact upon the breviaries used by secular and monastic clergy alike, up until 1911 when Pope St. Pius X introduced his reform of the Roman Breviary.

In 1459 Pope Pius II endowed the University of Basel where such notables as Erasmus of Rotterdam and Paracelsus later taught.

For example, Saint Hermann Joseph had his veneration confirmed by Pope Pius XII.

( As a result of the setting of the age limit at the start of 1971, twenty-five living cardinals, including the last three surviving cardinals elevated by Pope Pius XI, lost the right to participate in a conclave.

Under Pope Julius III, the Council met in Trent ( 1551 – 52 ) for the twelfth through sixteenth sessions, and under Pope Pius IV, the seventeenth through twenty-fifth sessions took place in Trent ( 1559 – 63 ).

The Council entrusted to the Pope the implementation of its work ; as a result, Pope Pius IV issued the Tridentine Creed in 1565 ; and Pope Pius V issued in 1566 the Roman Catechism, in 1568 a revised Roman Breviary, and in 1570 a revised Roman Missal, thus standardizing what since the 20th century has been called the Tridentine Mass ( from the city's Latin name Tridentum ), and Pope Clement VIII issued in 1592 a revised edition of the Vulgate.