* 43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated.

Cicero | Marcus Tullius Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero reports that Greek philosophers considered misogyny to be caused by gynophobia, a fear of women .< ref name =" Cicero "> Marcus Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Quaestiones, Book 3, Chapter 11.

Marcus Tullius Cicero

Introduction to The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

Petrarch revived the work and letters of the ancient Roman Senate | Roman Senator Cicero | Marcus Tullius CiceroPetrarch also published many volumes of his letters, including a few written to his long-dead friends from history such as Cicero and Virgil.

Bust of Marcus Tullius Cicero

Among the famous jurists of the republican period are Quintus Mucius Scaevola who wrote a voluminous treatise on all aspects of the law, which was very influential in later times, and Servius Sulpicius Rufus, a friend of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* December 7 – Marcus Tullius Cicero is killed in Formiae in a litter going to the seaside, by a party led by a military tribune, Popilius Laenas.

* Terentia, first wife of Marcus Tullius Cicero ( b. 98 BC ).

** Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, angry at Octavian, wrote a letter to Brutus explaining that the forces of Octavian and Marcus Antonius were divided.

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, De natura deorum II, 66 ( Latin )

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Catilinam

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Caelio

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Murena

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Sulla

* Crassus is a major character in Robert Harris's novel " Lustrum " ( published as " Conspirata " in the USA ), the sequel to " Imperium ", which both chronicle the career of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a prolific writer, whose works have survived in large quantity, and who serves as a standard of Latin, and his contemporaries in addition to recognizing the lingua Latina also knew varieties of " speech " under the name sermo.

Another Greek play with a similar name, Misogunos ( Μισόγυνος ) or Woman-hater, is reported by Cicero ( in Latin ) and attributed to ( Marcus ) Atilius ( poet ).

Cicero also made a decree that no member of the Antonii would ever bear the name Marcus again.

In Rome, writers and philosophers like Cicero, Seneca, Pliny the elder, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Cato and Collumella also expressed important ideas on this ground.

Faustina was the daughter of consul Marcus Annius Verus and Rupilia Faustina ( a half-sister to Roman Empress Vibia Sabina ).

* Annia Galeria Faustina Minor or Faustina the Younger ( between 125 – 130 – 175 ), a future Roman Empress, married her maternal cousin, future Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in 146.

Inevitably, the surviving evidence is not complete enough to determine whether one should interpret, with older scholars, that he wisely curtailed the activities of the Roman Empire to a careful minimum, or perhaps that he was uninterested in events away from Rome and Italy and his inaction contributed to the pressing troubles that faced not only Marcus Aurelius but also the emperors of the third century.

A History of the Roman Empire from its Foundation to the Death of Marcus Aurelius ( 1893 )

* 232 – Marcus Aurelius Probus, Roman emperor ( d. 282 )

During Virgil's time Aeneas was well-known and various versions of his adventures were circulating in Rome, including Roman Antiquities by Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( relying on Marcus Terentius Varro, Ab Urbe Condita by Livy ( probably dependent on Quintus Fabius Pictor, fl.

Agrippina was born as the second daughter and fourth child to Roman statesman and Augustus ’ ally Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder.

* 217 – Roman Emperor Caracalla is assassinated ( and succeeded ) by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.

* Miles Gloriosus: ( Latin for " boastful soldier ," the archetype of the braggart soldier in Roman comedies ) A captain in the Roman army to whom Marcus Lycus has promised Philia.

In the late 2nd century, the Historia Augusta mentions that in the rule of Marcus Aurelius ( 161-80 ), an alliance of lower Danube tribes including the Bastarnae, the Sarmatian Roxolani and the Costoboci took advantage of the emperor's difficulties on the upper Danube ( the Marcomannic Wars ) to invade Roman territory.

Ammianus Marcellinus rated this reverse with the most serious military disasters of the Roman Empire to his time: Varus ' defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, the incursions of the Marcomanni during the reign of Marcus Aurelius, and the Battle of Adrianople.

* Marcus Valerius Corvus, a 4th-century BC Roman

In 109 BC, they defeated a Roman army under the consul Marcus Junius Silanus, who was the commander of Gallia Narbonensis.

The Roman commanders, the proconsul Quintus Servilius Caepio and the consul Gnaeus Mallius Maximus, hindered Roman coordination and so the Cimbri succeeded in first defeating the legate Marcus Aurelius Scaurus and later inflicted a devastating defeat on Caepio and Maximus at the Battle of Arausio.

The philosophy of Epictetus was an influence on the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius ( 121 to 180 AD ) whose reign was marked by wars with the resurgent Parthians in southern Asia and against the Germanic tribes in Europe.

Later, he became a legendary figure and the model of a tough, courageous Roman, and was bestowed the honorific title, " The Shield of Rome " ( similar to Marcus Claudius Marcellus being named the " Sword of Rome ").

As a result of the battle, the Roman army, commanded by Marcus Atilius Regulus, landed in Africa and began ravaging the Carthaginian countryside.

Importantly, Syracuse was granted nominal independent ally status for the lifetime of Hiero II, and was not incorporated into the Roman province of Sicily until after it was sacked by Marcus Claudius Marcellus during the Second Punic War.

* Marcus Atilius Regulus, Roman consul

Hannibal still won a number of notable victories: completely destroying two Roman armies in 212 BC, and at one point, killing two consuls ( including the famed Marcus Claudius Marcellus ) in a battle in 208 BC.

The Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote praising " the idea of a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed ".

During the persecution of Marcus Aurelius, the Roman Emperor from 161-180, Irenaeus was a priest of the Church of Lyons.