* 43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated.

Cicero | Marcus Tullius Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero

Introduction to The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

Petrarch revived the work and letters of the ancient Roman Senate | Roman Senator Cicero | Marcus Tullius CiceroPetrarch also published many volumes of his letters, including a few written to his long-dead friends from history such as Cicero and Virgil.

Bust of Marcus Tullius Cicero

Among the famous jurists of the republican period are Quintus Mucius Scaevola who wrote a voluminous treatise on all aspects of the law, which was very influential in later times, and Servius Sulpicius Rufus, a friend of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* December 7 – Marcus Tullius Cicero is killed in Formiae in a litter going to the seaside, by a party led by a military tribune, Popilius Laenas.

* Terentia, first wife of Marcus Tullius Cicero ( b. 98 BC ).

** Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Roman politician ( lived 106 – 43 BC )

Marcus Tullius Cicero, angry at Octavian, wrote a letter to Brutus explaining that the forces of Octavian and Marcus Antonius were divided.

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, De natura deorum II, 66 ( Latin )

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Catilinam

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Caelio

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Murena

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Sulla

* Crassus is a major character in Robert Harris's novel " Lustrum " ( published as " Conspirata " in the USA ), the sequel to " Imperium ", which both chronicle the career of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a prolific writer, whose works have survived in large quantity, and who serves as a standard of Latin, and his contemporaries in addition to recognizing the lingua Latina also knew varieties of " speech " under the name sermo.

Another Greek play with a similar name, Misogunos ( Μισόγυνος ) or Woman-hater, is reported by Cicero ( in Latin ) and attributed to ( Marcus ) Atilius ( poet ).

Cicero also made a decree that no member of the Antonii would ever bear the name Marcus again.

In Rome, writers and philosophers like Cicero, Seneca, Pliny the elder, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Cato and Collumella also expressed important ideas on this ground.

Important works from the 100s include the Attic Nights of Aulus Gellius, a collection of anecdotes and reports of literary discussions among his friends ; and the letters of the orator Marcus Cornelius Fronto to Marcus Aurelius.

A study by Susan Blackmore and Marcus Cox ( the Blackmore-Cox study ) of the University of the West of England supports the suggestion that reports of alien abductions are related to sleep paralysis rather than to temporal lobe lability.

During Virgil's time Aeneas was well-known and various versions of his adventures were circulating in Rome, including Roman Antiquities by Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( relying on Marcus Terentius Varro, Ab Urbe Condita by Livy ( probably dependent on Quintus Fabius Pictor, fl.

Around this time, Agrippina became the mistress to one of Claudius ’ advisers, the former Greek Freedman Marcus Antonius Pallas.

: huiotes ); according to Marcus, they are numbers and sounds ; in Valentinianism they form male / female pairs called " syzygies " ( Greek, from σύζυγοι syzygoi ).

* Philia: ( Greek for " love ") A virgin in the house of Marcus Lycus, and Hero's love interest.

In publications of 1647 and 1654, Marcus van Boxhorn first described a rigid methodology for historical linguistic comparisons and proposed the existence of an Indo-European proto-language ( which he called " Scythian ") unrelated to Hebrew, but ancestral to Germanic, Greek, Romance, Persian, Sanskrit, Slavic, Celtic and Baltic languages.

Latin grammar developed by following Greek models from the 1st century BC, due to the work of authors such as Orbilius Pupillus, Remmius Palaemon, Marcus Valerius Probus, Verrius Flaccus, and Aemilius Asper.

Beginning around the 3rd century BC, it took two centuries to become a dominant literature of Ancient Rome, with many educated Romans still reading and writing in Ancient Greek, as late as Marcus Aurelius ( 121 – 180 AD ).

Octavian's loyal and talented general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa captured the Greek city and naval port of Methone, loyal to Antony.

Marcus Aurelius ' Stoic tome Meditations, written in Greek while on campaign between 170 and 180, is still revered as a literary monument to a philosophy of service and duty, describing how to find and preserve equanimity in the midst of conflict by following nature as a source of guidance and inspiration.

In April 132, at the behest of Diognetus, Marcus took up the dress and habits of the philosopher: he studied while wearing a rough Greek cloak, and would sleep on the ground until his mother convinced him to sleep on a bed.

* the unique copy of a Greek grammatical text composed by Herodian for the emperor Marcus Aurelius in the 2nd century, preserved in the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna

Secularism draws its intellectual roots from Greek and Roman philosophers such as Marcus Aurelius and Epicurus ; medieval Muslim polymaths such as Ibn Rushd ; Enlightenment thinkers such as Denis Diderot, Voltaire, Baruch Spinoza, John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine ; and more recent freethinkers, agnostics, and atheists such as Robert Ingersoll and Bertrand Russell.

* Emperor Marcus Aurelius writes in Sirmium ( Pannonia ) his first of 12 books of the Meditations in Koine Greek.

* Meditations by Marcus Aurelius is written, in Greek, while on military campaigns.

* The Roman ambassador to Greece, Syria, and Egypt, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus delivers an ultimatum to Philip V warning Macedonia not to make war on any Greek state.

* After a two years ' siege, Roman general, Marcus Claudius Marcellus, gradually forces his way into Syracuse and takes it in the face of strong Carthaginian reinforcements and despite the use of engines of war designed by the Greek mathematician and scientist Archimedes ( such as the Claw of Archimedes ).

Marcus Aurelius, in his Meditations, says nothing of Fronto's rhetorical teaching ; nor, although writing in Greek, does he so much as mention his teacher of Greek rhetoric and longtime friend Herodes Atticus.

* Marcus Livius Salinator, recipient or purchaser of Andronicus, an educated Greek, immediately after the fall of Tarentum to Rome in 272 BC, and decemvir in 236 BC

Any unabridged Latin dictionary informs moderns that Marcus Tullius Cicero and his contemporaries of the late republic while using lingua Latina and sermo Latinus to mean the Latin language as opposed to the Greek or other languages, and sermo vulgaris or sermo vulgi to refer to the vernacular of the uneducated masses, regarded the speech they valued most and in which they wrote as Latinitas, " Latinity ", with the implication of good.

* Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus ( 121 – 180 AD, stoic philosopher, Emperor in Latin, essayist in ancient Greek, role model of the last generation of classicists ( Cruttwell )

* Stoicism: Zeno of Citium, Cleanthes, Chrysippus, Crates of Mallus ( brought Stoicism to Rome c. 170 BCE ), Panaetius, Posidonius, Seneca ( Roman ), Epictetus ( Greek / Roman ), Marcus Aurelius ( Roman )