Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

More recent researchers, in particular Ronald Willis and Joy Munns have studied the tour in detail and concluded that the presentation was made after a private cricket match played over Christmas 1882 when the English team were guests of Sir William Clarke, at his property " Rupertswood ", in Sunbury, Victoria.

George Stubbs, William Blake, John Martin, Francisco Goya, Sir Thomas Lawrence, John Constable, Eugène Delacroix, Sir Edwin landseer, Caspar David Friedrich, JMW Turner

* Sir William Buell Richards ( Chief Justice ) – September 30, 1875

* Sir William Johnstone Ritchie – September 30, 1875

After his arrival, Hasan Ali Shah wrote to Sir William Macnaghten, discussing his plans to seize and govern Herat on behalf of the British.

* 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield in London.

* 1881 – 1910 Sir William Christie

* 1661 – Sir William Brereton, 1st Baronet, English soldier and politician ( b. 1604 )

Of these only Henrietta Temple ( based on his affair with Henrietta Sykes, wife of Sir Francis William Sykes, 3rd Bt ) was a true success.

After defeating the Army of Sir William Waller at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge, King Charles marched west in pursuit of the Parliamentarian army of the Earl of Essex, who was invading the Royalist stronghold of Cornwall.

Under Sir William Balfour, they broke through the Royalist lines on the night of 31 August, eventually reaching Plymouth 30 miles to the east.

Sir William Harcourt, a prominent Liberal politician in the Victorian era, said this about liberalism in 1872:

* Sir William Vernon Harcourt 1894 – 1898

The French army also comprised a contingent of Scots commanded by Sir William Douglas.

Striking southwards in the hope of collecting information about French movements, Nelson's ships stopped at Elba and Naples, where the British ambassador Sir William Hamilton reported that the French fleet had passed Sicily in the direction of Malta.

On his return to Naples, Nelson was greeted with a triumphal procession led by King Ferdinand IV and Sir William Hamilton and was introduced for only the third time to Sir William's wife Emma, Lady Hamilton, who fainted violently at the meeting, and apparently took several weeks to recover from her injuries.

A house at Balmoral was built by Sir William Drummond in 1390.

The predominance of natural history, books and manuscripts began to lessen when in 1772 the Museum acquired its first antiquities of note ; Sir William Hamilton's collection of Greek vases.

The museum ’ s first notable addition towards its collection of antiquities, since its foundation, was by Sir William Hamilton ( 1730 – 1803 ), British Ambassador to Naples, who sold his collection of Greek and Roman artefacts to the museum in 1784 together with a number of other antiquities and natural history specimens.

The earliest Mesopotamian objects to enter the collection were purchased by the British Museum in 1772 from Sir William Hamilton.

Beginning in April 1915, Herbert ordered his subordinates cease calling him " Sir ", and to address him only by the pseudonym " Captain William McBride.

The other judges were John Toohey QC, a former Justice of the High Court of Australia who had worked on Aboriginal issues ( he replaced New Zealander Sir Edward Somers QC, who retired from the Inquiry in 2000 for personal reasons ), and Mr Justice William Hoyt QC, former Chief Justice of New Brunswick and a member of the Canadian Judicial Council.

Prime Ministers of the period included: Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord John Russell, Lord Derby, Lord Aberdeen, Lord Palmerston, Benjamin Disraeli, William Ewart Gladstone, Lord Salisbury, and Lord Rosebery.

These parties were led by many prominent statesmen including Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Derby, Lord Palmerston, William Ewart Gladstone, Benjamin Disraeli, and Lord Salisbury.

Beginning as a High Tory, Gladstone served in the Cabinet of Sir Robert Peel.

Born in 1809 in Liverpool, England, at 62 Rodney Street, William Ewart Gladstone was the fourth son of the merchant Sir John Gladstone from Leith ( now a suburb of Edinburgh ), and his second wife, Anne MacKenzie Robertson, from Dingwall, Ross-shire.

The Whig Sir Charles Wood and the Tory Disraeli had both been perceived to have failed in the office and so this provided Gladstone with a great political opportunity.

Gladstone also opposed Chancellor Sir William Harcourt's proposal to implement a graduated death duty.

Gladstone then went to Bournemouth, and a swelling on the palate was diagnosed as cancer by the leading cancer surgeon, Sir Thomas Smith on 18 March.

Those present were Lady Gladstone of Hawarden ( Gladstone's daughter-in-law ), Sir George Leveson-Gower ( Gladstone's secretary ), William Wickham ( Gladstone's eldest grandson ), and Canon Edward Lyttleton.

In Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes novels, " Gladstone " is the name of Dr. John Watson's English bulldog.

* Sir John Gladstone, 1st Baronet ( 1764 – 1851 ), businessman and Member of Parliament ( MP ), father of William Ewart Gladstone

* Sir Thomas Gladstone, 2nd Baronet ( 1804 – 1889 ), MP, elder brother of William Ewart Gladstone

Many, including Parnell, believed that Chamberlain, having brokered the agreement, would be offered the Chief Secretaryship, but Gladstone appointed Sir George Trevelyan instead.

' Seeking a contest with the Whigs, Chamberlain and Sir Charles Dilke presented their resignations to Gladstone on 20 May 1885, when the Cabinet rejected Chamberlain's scheme for the creation of National Councils in England, Scotland and Wales and when a proposed Land Purchase Bill did not have any provision for the reform of Irish local government.

These included leading figures of the European ' Enlightenment ' including the philosophers Voltaire, 1694 – 1778 ) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 1712 – 1778 ); the future US Presidents John Adams ( 1735 – 1826 ) and Thomas Jefferson ( 1743 – 1826 ); Benjamin Franklin ( 1706 – 1790 ); the German landscape artist Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau ; the Italian statesman Giuseppe Garibaldi ( 1807 – 1882 ); Russian Tsars Nicholas I ( 1796 – 1855 ) and Alexander I ( 1777 – 1825 ); the king of Persia ; Queen Victoria ( 1819 – 1901 ) and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg ( 1819 – 61 ); Sir Walter Scott ( 1771 – 1832 ); Prince Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau ( 1740 – 1817 ); Prime Ministers William Ewart Gladstone ( 1809 – 1898 ) and Sir Robert Walpole ( 1676 – 1745 ); Queen Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach ( 1683 – 1737 ); John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute ( 1713 – 92 ) his architect William Burges ( 1827 – 1881 ) and the present Prince of Wales and Princess Margaret.

William, father of William Ewart, was business partner of Sir John Gladstones ( sic ), father of four times Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone.

The MP Sir William Gregory was told by a member of the Cabinet that " at the beginning of each session and after each holiday, Mr Gladstone used to come in charged to the muzzle with all sorts of schemes of all sorts of reforms which were absolutely necessary in his opinion to be immediately undertaken.

He was one of the few prime ministers ( others include William Pitt the Younger, Sir Winston Churchill, George Canning, Spencer Percival, William Ewart Gladstone, Edward Heath, John Major, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown ) who never acceded to the peerage.

Whereas Social Statics had been the work of a radical democrat who believed in votes for women ( and even for children ) and in the nationalization of the land to break the power of the aristocracy, by the 1880s he had become a staunch opponent of female suffrage and made common cause with the landowners of the Liberty and Property Defence League against what they saw as the drift towards ' socialism ' of elements ( such as Sir William Harcourt ) within the administration of William Ewart Gladstone – largely against the opinions of Gladstone himself.

Members included Tennyson, Gladstone, W. K. Clifford, W. G. Ward, John Morley, Cardinal Manning, Archbishop Thomson, T. H. Huxley, Arthur Balfour, Leslie Stephen, and Sir William Gull.