ASP was an intermediate protocol, built on top of ATP, which in turn was the foundation of AFP.

Thus, ATP was a simple request / response exchange, with no need to set up or tear down connections.

It was built on top of ATP.

When a PAP connection was opened, each end sent the other an ATP request which basically meant " send me more data ".

This use of ATP provided automatic flow control ; each end could only send data to the other end if there was an outstanding ATP request to respond to.

In the early 20th century, before enzymology was well understood, colloids were thought to be the key to the operation of enzymes ; i. e., the addition of small quantities of an enzyme to a quantity of water would, in some fashion yet to be specified, subtly alter the properties of the water so that it would break down the enzyme's specific substrate, such as a solution of ATPase breaking down ATP.

The May 8th performance was a " greatest hits " show, for the ATP " Fans Strike Back " event.

Later, part of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker for their clarification of the working mechanism of ATP synthase.

Djokovic was also the founder of the first ATP tennis tournament in the country, the Serbia Open.

This was the final ATP tour singles match of Sampras's career.

Many, including seven-time Grand Slam champion John McEnroe believed Rafter to be a " one-slam wonder ", since it was only his second career ATP title.

The Surbiton Trophy was part of the ATP Challenger Series and in 2009 the venue was moved to Nottingham as part of a reorganisation by the LTA.

The squiggle notation was invented by Fritz Albert Lipmann, who first proposed ATP as the main energy transfer molecule of the cell, in 1941.

For these achievements, Muster was named the ATP Tour's " Comeback Player of the Year.

Muster was the runner-up at the ATP Masters Series event in Cincinnati, and reached the semifinals of the Australian Open and the ATP Masters event in Indian Wells.

This ATPase activity was further associated with the creation of ATP by a long series of experiments in many laboratories.

Connors was acquiring a reputation as a maverick in 1972 when he refused to join the newly formed Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ), the union that was embraced by most male professional players, in order to play in and dominate a series of smaller tournaments organized by Bill Riordan, his manager and a clever promoter.

Connors was seeking to enter the French Open, but the ATP and French officials opposed WTT because of scheduling conflicts, so the entries of WTT players were refused between 1974 and 1978.

At that time, he was ranked 20th in ATP ranking and Wimbledon did not do any seeds beyond 16 seeds.

Under the original definition, synthases do not use energy from nucleoside triphosphates ( such as ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP, and UTP ), whereas synthetases do use nucleoside triphosphates.

Under the original definition, synthases do not use energy from nucleoside triphosphates ( such as ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP, and UTP ), whereas synthetases do use nucleoside triphosphates.

-- Glycerinated muscle, in the presence of the physiological agent ( ATP ) responsible for delivering energy to the mechanochemically active proteins of muscle, has been shown to undergo a contraction which is highly sensitive both to temperature and to solvent composition in mixtures of alcohols and water.

While ATP appears to be necessary for the occurrence of contraction, its presence and enzymatic hydrolysis of it by the muscle protein myosin are not the only criteria for contraction.

* BAe ATP, a British Aerospace turboprop passenger aircraft designed for the short range market

PAP also provided for out-of-band status queries, handled by separate ATP transactions.

Bacteria also use the TCA cycle to generate energy, but since they lack mitochondria, the reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the plasma membrane rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

ATP is required for the ligase reaction, which proceeds in three steps:

At the end of the year, Hewitt became the first teenager in ATP history to qualify for the year-end Tennis Masters Cup ( ATP World Tour Finals ).

With his win in Las Vegas in March, Hewitt had won at least one ATP title annually for ten consecutive years.

This ratio is variable and mitochondria from cells that have a greater demand for ATP, such as muscle cells, contain even more cristae.

SERCA is likewise affected by mitochondrial feedback: uptake of Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > by the MAM stimulates ATP production, thus providing energy that enables SERCA to reload the ER with Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > for continued Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > efflux at the MAM.

A dominant role for the mitochondria is the production of ATP, as reflected by the large number of proteins in the inner membrane for this task.

The citric acid cycle oxidizes the acetyl-CoA to carbon dioxide, and, in the process, produces reduced cofactors ( three molecules of NADH and one molecule of FADH < sub > 2 </ sub >) that are a source of electrons for the electron transport chain, and a molecule of GTP ( that is readily converted to an ATP ).

Tumor cells require an ample amount of ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate ) in order to synthesize bioactive compounds such as lipids, proteins, and nucleotides for rapid cell proliferation.

Mitochondrial ATP production is also vital for cell division in addition to other basic functions in the cell including the regulation of cell volume, solute concentration, and cellular architecture.

Several distinct but linked metabolic pathways are used by cells to transfer the energy released by breakdown of fuel molecules into ATP and other small molecules used for energy ( e. g. GTP, NADPH, FADH ).

* Magnesium, required for processing ATP and related reactions ( builds bone, causes strong peristalsis, increases flexibility, increases alkalinity )

However, they also require a small membrane potential for the kinetics of ATP synthesis.

There is now evidence that ATP hydrolysis is required for the recycling of receptors to the cytosol.

In addition, this creates a proton gradient across the chloroplast membrane ; its dissipation is used by ATP synthase for the concomitant synthesis of ATP.

* ATP, AppleTalk Transaction Protocol