According to author Cyril Elgood ( pp. 41, 110 ), who does not mention his source, it was Abul-Fath Gilani ( d. 1588 ), a Persian physician at the Indian court of the Mughal emperor Akbar, who " first passed the smoke of tobacco through a small bowl of water to purify and cool the smoke and thus invented the hubble-bubble or hookah.

According to Cyril Elgood ( PP. 41, 110 ) it was in India where the physician Hakim Abu ’ l-Fath Gilani ( d. 1588 ), at the court of the Mughal emperor Akbar I ( 1542-1605 AD ) invented the idea.

According to Cyril Elgood ( pp. 41, 110 ), who does not mention his source, it was Abul-Fatḥ Gilani ( d. 1588 ), a Persian physician at the court of the Mughal emperor Akbar I, who " first passed the smoke of tobacco through a small bowl of water to purify and cool the smoke and thus invented the hubble-bubble or hookah.

According to a profile of al-Fuqra by the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism ( MIPT ), the group is believed to have been founded by Pakistani cleric Sheikh Mubarak Ali Gilani Hashemi in 1980.

According to the GC III, a captured soldier must be treated as a lawful combatant and, therefore, as a protected person with prisoner-of-war status until facing a competent tribunal ( GC III Art 5 ).

According to SAT results listed on CollegeBoard. com, GC students have the third highest average of all public schools in Georgia.

According to Paul Christian Rieber, of GC Rieber AS, the difficult ice conditions and low quotas in 2006 resulted in less access to seal pelts, which caused the commodity price to be pushed up.

However, Margaret Sleeboom-Faulkner of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Sussex said Kanzō Umehara considered the Ainu and some Ryukyuans to have " preserved their proto-Mongoloid traits " According to anthropologist Elsie Clews Parsons physical features of the Proto-Mongoloid were characterized as, " a straight-haired type, medium in complexion, jaw protrusion, nose-breadth, and inclining probably to round-headedness ".

According to Glenn W. LaFantasie, Professor of Civil War History at Western Kentucky University,

" According to University of Richmond Law Review, " When offering an Alford plea, a defendant asserts his innocence but admits that sufficient evidence exists to convict him of the offense.

According to the book Gender, Crime, and Punishment published by Yale University Press, " Under the Alford doctrine, a defendant does not admit guilt but admits that the state has sufficient evidence to find him or her guilty, should the case go to trial.

According to the Centennial Record of the University of California, " In 1866 … at Founders ' Rock, a group of College of California men watched two ships standing out to sea through the Golden Gate.

According to a group of astronomers at the University of Toronto and elsewhere, the observations of this supernova are best explained by assuming that it arose from a white dwarf which grew to twice the mass of the Sun before exploding.

According to a study at the University of Texas, ClearType " may not be universally beneficial ".

According to Dr Rupert Thompson, the Orator of The University of Cambridge, the earliest reference to drinking games in Western literature is from Plato's Symposium The Drinking Party.

According to Payscale, Dartmouth College alums have among the highest average starting salaries ($ 58, 200 ) in the United States, as well as the second highest average income ten years after graduation ($ 123, 000 ), placing after Harvey Mudd College and tying with Princeton University.

According to Eric Achakeng of the University of Adelaide, Globalization has raised some troubling concerns for the developing world, including

According to researchers of the Ben Gurion University of the Negev, treatment with mineral-rich mud compresses can be used to augment conventional medical therapy in these patients.

According to Moore's recounting, AIM impressed the UK which imported these ideas when establishing in 1969 The Open University, which initially relied on radio and television broadcasts for much of its delivery.

According to Dijkstra himself, the EWDs started when he moved from the Mathematical Centre in Amsterdam to the Eindhoven University of Technology ( then Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven ).

According to Judith Nagata, a professor of Asia Research Institute in the National University of Singapore, The Afghan mujahiddin, locked in combat with the Soviet enemy in the 1980s, could be praised as " freedom fighters " by their American backers at the time, while the present Taliban, viewed, among other things, as protectors of American enemy Osama bin Laden, are unequivocally " fundamentalist ".”"

According to Hawks, he spent fifteen weeks in basic training at the University of California in Berkeley where he was trained to be a squadron commander.

According to Alex Dupuy, Chair of African American Studies and John E. Andrus Professor of Sociology at Wesleyan University the ability of Haiti to adequately manage the mining operations or to obtain and use funds obtained from the operations for the benefit of its people is untested and seriously questioned.

According to Lovecraft there is a copy of the Necronomicon here, but the University of Buenos Aires never had a central library.

" According to Bronwen Walter, professor of Irish Diaspora Studies at Anglia Ruskin University, " the adoption of a hyphenated identity has been much more problematic for the second generation Irish in Britain.

According to the Harvard University Library, " By the late 19th century, 70 to 90 % of the urban populations of Europe and North America were infected with the TB bacillus, and about 80 % of those individuals who developed active tuberculosis died of it.

According to a Cornell University press release from January 2009, the 2008 – 09 season will be the last Cornell-sponsored search, absent confirmation of the bird:

According to the WMUR / Granite State Poll conducted by the University of New Hampshire, just three months after taking office in January of 2005, Lynch's approval rating surpassed 50 % and has stayed upwards of 55 % throughout his tenure.

According to research by John R. Clarke ( Drexel University ) it affects about 15 % of the population.

According to economists Donald Deere ( Texas A & M ), Kevin Murphy ( University of Chicago ), and Finis Welch ( Texas A & M ), Card and Krueger's conclusions are contradicted by " common sense and past research ".

According to Dan Sutter of the University of Oklahoma, a systematic liberal bias in the U. S. media could depend on the fact that owners and / or journalists typically lean to the left.

According to Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises, who had met Weber during his time at the University of Vienna,

According to Igor M. Diakonoff ( 1988: 33n ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 10, 000 BC.

According to Christopher Ehret ( 2002: 35 – 36 ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 11, 000 BC at the latest and possibly as early as c. 16, 000 BC.

According to adventurer André Malraux, in his La Condition Humaine ( 1933 ), " If a man is not ready to risk his life, where is his dignity ?".

According to Roy Andrew Miller ( 1996: 98-99 ), the Clauson – Doerfer critique of Altaic relies exclusively on lexicon, whereas the fundamental evidence for Altaic consists in verbal morphology.

According to Lovecraft's " History of the Necronomicon " ( written 1927, first published 1938 ), Alhazred was:

According to a research report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Oran was decimated by the plague in 1556 and 1678, but outbreaks after European colonization, in 1921 ( 185 cases ), 1931 ( 76 cases ), and 1944 ( 95 cases ), were very far from the scale of the epidemic described in the novel.

According to research commissioned by the Yerevan office of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe ( OSCE ), at least one in three working-age Armenians was unemployed as of February 2005 despite several consecutive years of double-digit economic growth.

According to this interpretation, the name is from aphrós " foam " and déatai " seems " or " shines " ( infinitive form * déasthai ), meaning " she who shines from the foam ", a byname of the dawn goddess ( Eos ).

According to Archimedes in the Sandreckoner ( 2. 1 ), Aristarchus of Samos estimated the distance to the Sun to be 10, 000 times the Earth's radius ( the true value is about 23, 000 ).

According to the Talmud ( Avodah Zarah 10a-b ), Rabbi Judah was very wealthy and greatly revered in Rome.

According to E. A. Wallis Budge, " as a Pantheus, i. e. All-God, he appears on the amulets with the head of a cock ( Phœbus ) or of a lion ( Ra or Mithras ), the body of a man, and his legs are serpents which terminate in scorpions, types of the Agathodaimon.

According to Xenophon, Agesilaus, in order to gain money for prosecuting the war, supported the satrap Ariobarzanes II in his revolt against Artaxerxes II in 364 BC ( Revolt of the Satraps ), and in 361 BC he went to Egypt at the head of a mercenary force to aid the king Nectanebo I and his regent Teos against Persia.

According to Tacitus ( Annals 3. 14. 1 ), the prosecution could not prove the poisoning charge, but other charges of treason seemed likely to stick and Piso committed suicide.

According to the dramatist Aeschylus, in the distant past they had lived in Scythia ( modern Crimea ), at the Palus Maeotis (" Lake Maeotis ", the Sea of Azov ), but later moved to Themiscyra on the River Thermodon ( the Terme river in northern Turkey ).

According to ancient sources, ( Plutarch Theseus, Pausanias ), Amazon tombs could be found frequently throughout what was once known as the ancient Greek world.

According to biblical scholars, the Torah's genealogy for Levi's descendants, is actually an aetiological myth reflecting the fact that there were four different groups among the levites – the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, and Aaronids ; Aaron – the eponymous ancestor of the Aaronids – couldn't be portrayed as a brother to Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, as the narrative about the birth of Moses ( brother of Aaron ), which textual scholars attribute to the earlier Elohist source, mentions only that both his parents were Levites ( without identifying their names ).

According to Pausanias ( 6. 18. 6 ), Anaximenes was " the first who practised the art of speaking extemporaneously.

According to Strmiska and Sigurvinsson ( 2005 ), American Asatruar tend to prefer a more devotional form of worship and a more emotional conception of the Nordic gods than Scandinavian practitioner, reflecting the parallel tendency of highly emotional forms of Christianity prevalent in the United States.

According to Kapila Vatsyayan, " Classical Indian architecture, sculpture, painting, literature ( kāvya ), music, and dancing evolved their own rules conditioned by their respective media, but they shared with one another not only the underlying spiritual beliefs of the Indian religio-philosophic mind, but also the procedures by which the relationships of the symbol and the spiritual states were worked out in detail.

According to sources such as the History of Bede, after the invasion of Britannia, the Angles split up and founded the kingdoms of the Nord Angelnen ( Northumbria ), Ost Angelnen ( East Anglia ), and the Mittlere Angelnen ( Mercia ).

According to intuitionists ( anti-realists with respect to mathematical objects ), the truth of a mathematical statement consists in our ability to prove it.