Their party was defeated ( 2 May 1182 ), but Andronikos Komnenos, a first cousin of Emperor Manuel, took advantage of these disorders to aim at the crown, entered Constantinople, where he was received with almost divine honours, and overthrew the government.

Alexios III Angelos was the second son of Andronikos Angelos and Euphrosyne Kastamonitissa.

His younger brother Isaac was threatened with execution under orders of their first-cousin once-removed Andronikos I Komnenos on September 11, 1185.

* Eirene Angelina, who married ( 1 ) Andronikos Kontostephanos, and ( 2 ) Alexios Palaiologos, by whom she was the grandmother of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos.

Andronikos III Palaiologos, Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus (; 25 March 1297 – 15 June 1341 ) was Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341, after being rival emperor since 1321.

Andronikos III was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia ( renamed Maria ).

Andronikos was born in Constantinople on his grandfather's 38th birthday.

Effective administrative authority during the reign of Andronikos III was wielded by his megas domestikos John Kantakouzenos, while the Emperor enjoyed himself hunting or waging war.

Andronikos III's attempt to make up for this setback by annexing Bulgarian Thrace failed in 1332, when he was defeated by the new Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Alexander at Rousokastron.

Andronikos III was first married, in 1318, with Irene of Brunswick, daughter of Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ; she died in 1324.

Yet none of this was due to a lack of leadership on Andronikos ' part and his reign could be said to end before the Byzantine Empire's position became untenable due to the ensuing civil war which consumed the empire's remaining resources on Andronikos's death.

Andronikos II Palaiologos () ( 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332 ), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, was Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328.

Andronikos II Palaiologos was born at Nicaea.

Sole emperor from 1282, Andronikos II immediately repudiated his father's unpopular Church union with the Papacy ( which he had been forced to support while his father was still alive ), but was unable to resolve the related schism within the Orthodox clergy until 1310.

Andronikos II was also plagued by economic difficulties and during his reign the value of the Byzantine hyperpyron depreciated precipitously while the state treasury accumulated less than one seventh the revenue ( in nominal coins ) that it had done previously.

In spite of the resolution of problems in Europe, Andronikos II was faced with the collapse of the Byzantine frontier in Asia Minor, despite the successful, but short, governorships of Alexios Philanthropenos and John Tarchaneiotes.

By the end of Andronikos II's reign, much of Bithynia was in the hands of the Ottoman Turks of Osman I and his son and heir Orhan.

In 1328 Andronikos III entered Constantinople in triumph and Andronikos II was forced to abdicate.

Constantine was forced to become a monk by his nephew Andronikos III Palaiologos.

Andronikos I Komnenos ( or Andronicus I Comnenus, ; c. 1118 – September 12, 1185 ) was Byzantine Emperor from 1183 to 1185 ).

Andronikos, now ( 1183 ) sole emperor, married twelve year old Agnes of France, previously betrothed to Alexios II.

Romanus IV was now the senior emperor and guardian of his stepsons and junior co-emperors, Michael VII, Konstantios Doukas, and Andronikos Doukas.

On January 1, 1068, Eudokia married the general Romanos Diogenes, who now became senior co-emperor alongside Michael VII, Konstantios, and another brother, Andronikos.

Another of Eudokia and Constantine's sons, Andronikos Doukas, was now made co-emperor by Romanos IV, although he had been excluded from power by his own father, mother, and brothers.

The Venetians established an outpost on the island, which caused significant tension between the Byzantine Empire ( now represented by Andronikos IV ), the Genoese and the Venetians.

Anna was now 12, and the approximately 65-year-old Andronikos married her.

At this time, too, Theodora interceded with Andronikos to pay the ransom for her nephew, Isaac, a former Byzantine governor of Isauria now a captive in Armenia ; Andronikos afterwards regretted doing so, since Isaac rebelled and seized control of Cyprus.

When Andronikos arrived he found that his authority was overthrown: Isaac had been proclaimed Emperor.

The failed attempt at usurpation by his older brother Andronikos IV Palaiologos in 1373 led to Manuel being proclaimed heir and co-emperor of his father.

When Andronikos arrived he found that during his absence he had lost popular support, and that Isaac had been proclaimed emperor.

From there he waged an intermittent civil war against his grandfather, which first secured him recognition of his post as co-emperor, and ultimately led to the deposition of Andronikos II in 1328.

Andronikos II also attempted to marry off his son and co-emperor Michael IX Palaiologos to the Latin Empress Catherine I of Courtenay, thus seeking to eliminate Western agitation for a restoration of the Latin Empire.

* Byzantine co-emperor Andronikos IV Palaiologos rebels against his father, John V Palaiologos, for agreeing to let Constantinople become a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.

Andronikos IV Palaiologos is allowed to remain as Byzantine co-emperor but is confined to the city of Silivri for the remainder of his life.

Jonathan Bate speculates that the name Andronicus could have come from Andronikos V Palaiologos, co-emperor of Byzantium from 1403 – 1407, but as it is unknown how Shakespeare could have been familiar with these individuals, and it is thought more likely that he took the name from the story " Andronicus and the lion " in Antonio de Guevara's Epistolas familiares.

Gold histamenon of Romanos IV: Michael VII Doukas flanked by his brothers Andronikos Doukas ( co-emperor ) | Andronikos and Konstantios Doukas | Konstantios on the obverse, Romanos IV and Eudokia Makrembolitissa crowned by Christ on the reverse

John had no imperial ambitions of his own, and refused to be crowned co-emperor despite being offered the opportunity by Andronikos III Palaiologos several times during the reign of latter.

* Andronikos Doukas, co-emperor from 1068 to 1078.

Although he was associated as co-emperor by his father since the early 1350s, Andronikos IV rebelled when the Ottoman sultan Murad I forced John V into vassalage in 1373.

Andronikos fled to Galata, and stayed there until 1381, when he was once again made co-emperor and heir to the throne despite his earlier treachery.

She was the daughter of King Louis VII of France by his third wife Adèle of Champagne, and the sister of Philip II of France ; she had originally come to Constantinople to be betrothed to Alexios II Komnenos, but Alexios was murdered by his co-emperor and regent Andronikos I Komnenos in 1183.

* Andronikos Doukas ( co-emperor )

Gold histamenon of Romanos IV: Michael VII Doukas flanked by his brothers Andronikos Doukas ( co-emperor ) | Andronikos and Konstantios Doukas | Konstantios on the obverse, Romanos IV and Eudokia crowned by Christ on the reverse

* Andronikos Doukas, co-emperor from 1068 to 1078

# Michael IX Palaiologos, co-emperor, son of Andronikos II

# Andronikos V Palaiologos, co-emperor, son of John VII

Andronikos had himself crowned co-emperor, but Alexios II was soon murdered as well, and Andronikos took full control of the empire.

Michael IX's premature death at age 43 was attributed in part to grief over the accidental murder of his younger son Manuel Palaiologos by retainers of his older son and co-emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos.