Alkindus considered Aristotle as the outstanding and unique representative of philosophy and Averroes spoke of Aristotle as the " exemplar " for all future philosophers.

Plato spoke about the " knowledge of knowledge " ( Greek νόησις νοήσεως-nóesis noéseos ) and Aristotle explains the idea in full length:

Aristotle spoke about a ' first philosophy ' which was the most general science and a ' second philosophy ' which dealt with nature ( or ' physis ').

As examples of pagan writers who spoke positively of Jews, Feldman cites Aristotle, Theophrastus, Clearchus of Soli and Megasthenes.

Aristotle spoke of wholes that were greater than the sum of their parts because of emergent properties The second-century anatomist and physiologist Galen also distinguished between the resultant and emergent qualities of wholes.

Plato and Aristotle spoke of the three faculties through which we think, feel and act.

Pascal replied, also quoting Aristotle ( he seemingly was the only one to use this argument in this debate ), that Aristotle spoke only of knowledge of the actual circumstances of the act, but not at all of the capacity to discriminate between good and evil — since Aristotle stated that one who was devoided of that capacity was not excused at all, but rather considered a vicious man.

Andronicus wrote a work upon Aristotle, the fifth book of which contained a complete list of the philosopher's writings, and he also wrote commentaries upon the Physics, Ethics, and Categories.

This book is of uncertain origin, but circulated in the Arabic world as a work of Aristotle, and was translated into Latin as such.

In Łukasiewicz 1951 book, Aristotle ’ s Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic, he mentions that the principle of his notation was to write the functors before the arguments to avoid brackets and that he had employed his notation in his logical papers since 1929.

* Edwin Black was a rhetorical critic best known for his book Rhetorical Criticism: A Study in Method ( 1965 ) in which he criticized the dominant " neo-Aristotelian " tradition in American rhetorical criticism as having little in common with Aristotle " besides some recurrent topics of discussion and a vaguely derivative view of rhetorical discourse.

In later editions of the book, Darwin traced evolutionary ideas as far back as Aristotle ; the text he cites is a summary by Aristotle of the ideas of the earlier Greek philosopher Empedocles.

* The Human Embryo: Aristotle and the Arabic and European Traditions ( book )

The first known definition in the West is by Aristotle around 350 BC, in his book Prior Analytics, where he classified it as a material fallacy.

For example a course might be on a book by Aristotle, or a book from the Bible.

An illustration from 1689 in Olof Rudbeck's book Atlantica where he shows himself surrounded by Hesiod, Plato, Aristotle, Apollodorus of Athens | Apollodorus, Tacitus, Odysseus, Ptolemy, Plutarch and Orpheus.

Individual publishers often have their own in-house variations as well, and some works are so long-established as to have their own citation methods too: Stephanus pagination for Plato ; Bekker numbers for Aristotle ; citing the Bible by book, chapter and verse ; or Shakespeare notation by play, act and scene.

Aristotle wrote the first book on biomechanics, De Motu Animalium, or On the Movement of Animals.

( See Aristotle ’ s discussion: Nicomachean Ethics, book 1. 10 – 1. 11.

The first two comprise entirely his Syntagma philosophicum ; the third contains his critical writings on Epicurus, Aristotle, Descartes, Robert Fludd and Herbert of Cherbury, with some occasional pieces on certain problems of physics ; the fourth, his Institutio astronomica, and his Commentarii de rebus celestibus ; the fifth, his commentary on the tenth book of Diogenes Laërtius, the biographies of Epicurus, Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, Tycho Brahe, Nicolaus Copernicus, Georg von Peuerbach, and Regiomontanus, with some tracts on the value of ancient money, on the Roman calendar, and on the theory of music, with an appended large and prolix piece entitled Notitia ecclesiae Diniensis ; the sixth volume contains his correspondence.

At the heart of the book are excerpts from Plato, Aristotle, and Cicero.

The longest surviving fragment of Diogenes is that which is inserted by Aristotle in the third book of his History of Animals.

They co-authored the 1961 book Three Philosophers, with Anscombe contributing a section on Aristotle and Geach one each on Aquinas and Gottlob Frege.

Jorge of Burgos has condemned this book because knowledge of it came through the " infidel Moors " ( as so much of Aristotle had indeed come ).

Earlier the dromedary and Bactrian camel were considered the same species, but this was corrected by Macedonian philosopher Aristotle, who defined them as one-humped and two-humped in his book History of Animals.

Aristotle also does this himself, and though he professes to work differently from Plato by trying to start with what well-brought up men would agree with, by book VII, Aristotle eventually comes to argue that the highest of all human virtues is itself not practical, being contemplative wisdom ( theōria 1177a ).

( Aristotle, book v, chapters 11-14, Metaphysics ).

In book eight of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle uses the term to refer to the kind and benevolent feelings of goodwill a spouse has which form the basis for the ethical foundation of human life.

" The Suda mentions his epitome of the Physics of Aristotle, in eight books ; of the Prior Analytics, in two books ; of the Posterior Analytics, in two books ; of the treatise On the Soul, in seven books ; and of the Categories in one book.

Throughout the rest of the Poetics, Aristotle continues to discuss the characteristics of these six parts and their interrelationship, and he refers frequently to the standards suggested by his definition of tragedy.

The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into six books in about the early 1st century AD:

The Greek historian Aristotle Kaillis wrote that it was Ribbentrop's influence with Hitler together with his insistence that the Western powers would in the end not go to war for Poland that was the most important reason why Hitler did not cancel Fall Weiß all together instead of postponing " X-day " for six days.

For six years he lectured on mathematics and dialectics, apparently dividing his time between Oxford and Paris, and helped introduce the study of Aristotle.

In the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory, Poetics ( c. 335 BCE ), the Greek philosopher Aristotle deduces that character ( ethos ) is one of six qualitative parts of Athenian tragedy and one of the three objects that it represents ( 1450a12 ).

Neckam also wrote Corrogationes Promethei, a scriptural commentary prefaced by a treatise on grammatical criticism ; a translation of Aesop into Latin elegiacs ( six fables from this version, as given in a Paris manuscript, are printed in Robert's Fables inedites ); commentaries, on portions of Aristotle and Ovid's Metamorphoses, which remain unprinted, on Martianus Capella, which has recently received an edition, and on other works.

Where Aristotle argued for six types of state, Bodin allowed only monarchy, aristocracy and democracy.

Tragedy consists of six parts which Aristotle enumerates in order of importance, beginning with the most essential and ending with the least:

These six concepts were identified by Aristotle and are still the topic of several talks.

Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre, Polity Press.

Introduction to The Politics, by Aristotle.

Payment for jurors was introduced around 462 BC and is ascribed to Pericles, a feature described by Aristotle as fundamental to radical democracy ( Politics 1294a37 ).

Early insights in the labor theory of value appear in Aristotle ´ s Politics.

the scheme of distributive and corrective justice that would be established under the best political community ; were this to take the form of law, this could be called a natural law, though Aristotle does not discuss this and suggests in the Politics that the best regime may not rule by law at all.

In the treatise Politics, Aristotle cited the temple as an example of how tyrannies engaged the populace in great works for the state and left them no time, energy or means to rebel.

* Aristotle: Wrote his Politics as an extension of his Nicomachean Ethics.

Aristotle, in Politics, advocates " private property.

These authors, in such works as The Republic and Laws by Plato, and The Politics and Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle, analyzed political systems philosophically, going beyond earlier Greek poetic and historical reflections which can be found in the works of epic poets like Homer and Hesiod, historians like Herodotus and Thucydides, and dramatists such as Sophocles, Aristophanes, and Euripides.

But according to Aristotle ( in Politics 5. 1311b ), Artabanus killed Darius first and then killed Xerxes.

Averroes's work on Aristotle spans almost three decades, and he wrote commentaries on almost all of Aristotle's work except for Aristotle's Politics, to which he did not have access.

Aristotle uses the concept of a Stentor in his Politics Book 7, Chapter IV saying, " For who can be the general of such a vast multitude, or who the herald, unless he have the voice of a Stentor?

According to Aristotle ( in Politics ), Hippodamos was a pioneer of urban planning and he devised an ideal city to be inhabited by 10, 000 men ( free male citizens ), while the overall population including the correspondent women, children and slaves would reach 50, 000 people.

According to Aristotle ( Politics ) and Thucydides ( History of the Peloponnesian War ), Italus was the eponymous of Italy ( Italia ).

remarks that this chapter is even less traditional than those it follows, not only in its treatment of criminal behavior, but also in the advice to take power from people at a stroke, noting that precisely the opposite had been advised by Aristotle in his Politics ( 5. 11. 1315a13 ).

Aristotle ( Politics 1. 2 – 7 ; 3. 14 ) even states that barbarians are slaves by nature.

Barbaro edited and translated a number of classical works: Aristotle's Ethics and Politics ( 1474 ); Aristotle's Rhetorica ( 1479 ); Themistius's Paraphrases of certain works of Aristotle ( 1481 ); Castigationes in Pomponium Melam ( 1493 ).

* Aristotle, Politics, Everyman Library, 1947

* Guardian Unlimited Politics Ask Aristotle – Michael Portillo

460 – 370 BC ) and Epicurus ( 341 – 270 BC ); from which academic speculation proposes is the derivation of the logical architecture of Capital: Critique of Political Economy, because exchange value, the " syllogisms " ( C-M-C ' and M-C-M ') for simple commodity circulation, and the circulation of value as capital, derive from the Politics and the Nicomachean Ethics, by Aristotle.

* Knight, Kelvin, Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre, Polity Press, 2007.

Aristotle Against Some Modern Aristotelians ’, in MacIntyre, Ethics and Politics: Selected Essays volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Aristotle, in the Politics, dismissed Plato's ideas about abolishing homosexuality ( 2. 4 ); he explains that barbarians like the Celts accorded it a special honour ( 2. 6. 6 ), while the Cretans used it to regulate the population ( 2. 7. 5 ).

It is not a new phenomenon ; battling between so-called haves and have-nots has happened throughout human civilization, and was a focus of philosophers such as Aristotle in his treatise Politics.

* Guardian Politics Ask Aristotle – Estelle Morris