# REDIRECT Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder or bipolar affective disorder ( historically known as manic-depressive disorder ) is a psychiatric diagnosis for a mood disorder in which people experience disruptive mood swings that encompass a frenzied state known as mania ( or hypomania ) and, usually, symptoms of depression.

Bipolar disorder is defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated energy levels, cognition, and mood with or without one or more depressive episodes.

Bipolar disorder may be a polygenic disease.

Bipolar disorder is often treated with mood stabilizing medications and, sometimes, other psychiatric drugs.

Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience intermittent abnormally elevated ( manic or hypomanic ) and, in many cases, abnormally depressed states for periods of time in a way that interferes with functioning.

Bipolar disorder can appear to be unipolar depression: what distinguishes bipolar disorder from unipolar depression is the presence of mania ( or hypomania ).

Bipolar disorder is also accompanied by changes in cognitive processes and abilities.

Several rating scales for the screening and evaluation of bipolar disorder exist, such as the Bipolar spectrum diagnostic scale.

; Bipolar I disorder: One or more manic episodes.

; Bipolar II disorder: No manic episodes, but one or more hypomanic episodes and one or more major depressive episode.

; Bipolar disorder NOS ( not otherwise specified ): This is a catchall category, diagnosed when the disorder does not fall within a specific subtype.

Bipolar disorder can be a severely disabling medical condition.

" Bipolar disorder is currently regarded " as possibly the most costly category of mental disorders in the United States.

Bipolar I disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.

Bipolar I disorder sometimes occurs along with episodes of hypomania or major depression as well.

# REDIRECT Bipolar II disorder

Category: Bipolar disorder researchers

Bipolar NOS can still significantly impair and adversely affect the quality of life of the patient.

Bipolar transistors can be made to conduct by exposure to light, since absorption of photons in the base region generates a photocurrent that acts as a base current ; the collector current is approximately β times the photocurrent.

Bipolar percussion has the benefit of producing many sharp flakes, and triangular pieces of stone which can be useful as drills.

Bipolar percussion also does not require the manufacturer to locate a platform before setting to work, and bipolar percussion can produce sharp flakes almost the size of the original piece of tool stone.

Individuals with Bipolar II Disorder experience milder periods of hypomania during which the flight of ideas, faster thought processes and ability to take in more information can be converted to art, poetry or design.

Bipolar disorder can sometimes present with PMD.

While this phenomenon is destructive for Bipolar junction transistors working in the usual way, it can be used to push-up further the current and voltage limits of a device working in avalanche mode by limiting its time duration: also, the switching speed of the device is not negatively affected.

* Bipolar Meds-The Antipsychotics, mcmanweb. com

Bipolar.

Construction of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell | PEMFC: Bipolar plate as electrode with in-milled gas channel structure, fabricated from conductive composite material | composite s ( enhanced with graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, and / or carbon nanotube s for more conductivity ); Porous carbon papers ; reactive layer, usually on the polymer membrane applied ; polymer membrane. Condensation of water produced by a PEMFC on the air channel wall.

Bipolar disorder ( also known as manic depression ) involves abnormally " high " or pressured mood states, known as mania or hypomania, alternating with normal or depressed mood.

Functioning has been found to vary, being poor during periods of major depression or mania but otherwise fair to good, and possibly superior during periods of hypomania in Bipolar II.

Other members of the MIPS family include the R6000, an ECL implementation produced by Bipolar Integrated Technology.

Hypomania may be indicative of Bipolar II Disorder or Cyclothymia.

GMT would have provided foundry services based on TelCom's Bipolar and SiCr Thin Film Resistor processes and would have been licensed alternate sources for TelCom's Bipolar based products.

Standardized screening tools such as Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and HAM-A ( Hamilton Anxiety Scale ) can be used to detect anxiety symptoms and suggest the need for a formal diagnostic assessment of anxiety disorder.

Alone or together with anticonvulsants ( e. g., carbamazepine or valproate ), these medications can be used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and substance abuse by addressing underlying depression.

In a living organism this can have disastrous effects, often in the form of disease or disorder.

The psychological withdrawal symptoms can include psychosis, and can be mistaken for a relapse of the underlying disorder.

Panic disorder can develop or worsen as a direct result of long-term alcohol misuse.

Drinking at inappropriate times, and behavior caused by reduced judgment, can lead to legal consequences, such as criminal charges for drunk driving or public disorder, or civil penalties for tortious behavior, and may lead to a criminal sentence.

Roughly 88 % of people affected with AVM are asymptomatic ; often the malformation is discovered as part of an autopsy or during treatment of an unrelated disorder ( called in medicine " an incidental finding "); in rare cases its expansion or a micro-bleed from an AVM in the brain can cause epilepsy, deficit or pain.

In some cases, it can be a devastating long-lasting disorder.

People with bipolar disorder exhibiting psychotic symptoms can sometimes be misdiagnosed as having schizophrenia, another, different, serious mental illness.

This has been described as " an ethical and methodological issue ", as it means no one can be considered as being recovered ( only " in remission ") from bipolar disorder according to the official criteria.

The diagnosis of bipolar disorder can be complicated by coexisting ( comorbid ) psychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, panic disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Because bipolar disorder can have a high rate of both under-diagnosis and misdiagnosis, it is often difficult for individuals with the condition to receive timely and competent treatment.

However, many individuals with bipolar disorder can live full and satisfying lives.

Symptoms preceding a relapse ( prodromal ), specially those related to mania, can be reliably identified by people with bipolar disorder.

Episodes of substance-induced mood disorder due to the direct effects of a medication, or other somatic treatments for depression, drug abuse, or toxin exposure, or of mood disorder due to a general medical condition need to be excluded before a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder can be made.