By 1860, wheat farms had been established from Encounter Bay in the south to Clare in the north.

By 1860, Cuba was devoted to growing sugar, having to import all other necessary goods.

By 1860 the largest slaveholder owned only 16 slaves.

By the 1860 census on the verge of the Civil War, 91. 7 percent of the black population, or nearly 20, 000 people, were free.

By 1860, England removed the last vestiges of the mercantile era.

By 1860 a dozen steamers were operating in the high water season along the Murray and its tributaries.

By 1860, when the first rumblings of secession began to be heard across the South, antebellum Nashville was a very prosperous city.

By 1860, 500, 000 slaves had grown to 4 million.

By 1860 the total number of slaves reached almost four million, and the American Civil War, beginning in 1861, led to the end of slavery in the United States.

By 1860, this " new engine " had already established a reputation for juvenile use in vandalism, as well as at least one human death.

By 1860, almost half a million people, roughly 31 % of the total population of Virginia, were enslaved.

By 1860 about half of the children between 5 and 15 were in school ( including Sunday school ).

By 1860 blacks ( nearly all slaves ) comprised 45 percent of the state's 964, 201 people.

By 1860 the population had grown to 380, 000.

By 1860 there was a telegraph station in Carson City, Nevada.

By petition of Rockville's citizens, the Maryland General Assembly incorporated the village on March 10, 1860.

By a treaty concluded in 1860 between the Sardinian king and Napoleon III, the County was again ceded to France as a territorial reward for French assistance in the Second Italian War of Independence against Austria, which saw Lombardy unified with Piedmont-Sardinia.

By 1860, the Southern states were providing two-thirds of the world ’ s supply of cotton, and up to 80 % of the crucial British market.

By 1860 approximately one in three Southerners was a slave.

By 1860, the total County population was 99, 000 and the largest city was Yonkers.

By 1870 the population in the states served by the Oregon Trail and its offshoots increased by about 350, 000 over their 1860 census levels.

By 1860, as many as 10, 000 prospectors had flocked to the town, then known as Mountain City, and surrounding prospects, but most soon left, many returning back east.

By 1860, he was working for wholesale grocers, for whom he handled freight transfers, especially dealing with railroads and steamboats.

By 1860 the Chinese were the largest immigrant group in California.

By late 1880 William Bell had begun to organize railway construction in Utah that would become the Palmer controlled Denver and Rio Grande Western Railway in mid 1881.

By 1960 he began liquidating his general book business and in 1962 opened Fred A. Rosenstock Books on East Colfax Avenue in Denver specializing in western history.

By finishing sixth in the Western Conference, with a record of 47 – 35 ( their highest finish since the team left Buffalo ), they benefited from the current NBA playoff format of regular season records taking precedence over winning the division, and secured home court advantage over the Denver Nuggets instead of traveling to Denver for four games as a No. 6 seed would usually be expected to do.

By 1931 Lefors had incorporated, and in 1932 the town finally got a railroad, when the Fort Worth and Denver extended its line from Pampa.

By the 1970s, softer songs by artists like The Carpenters, Anne Murray, John Denver, Barry Manilow, Barbra Streisand, Elton John, Nancy Wilson and others were added to the mix on many stations.

By the time the 1968 convention was held in Denver, less than two dozen women attended.

Report of the Secretary of War Communicating, In Compliance With a Resolution of the Senate of February 4, 1867, a Copy of the Evidence Taken at Denver and Fort Lyon, Colorado Territory, By a Military Commission, Ordered to Inquire into the Sand Creek Massacre, November, 1864.

By 2014, the PTO will open offices in Detroit, Dallas, Denver, and Silicon Valley to reduce backlog and reflect regional industrial strengths.

By 1910, Sunday began to conduct meetings ( usually longer than a month ) in small cities like Youngstown, Wilkes-Barre, South Bend, and Denver, and then finally, between 1915 and 1917, the major cities of Philadelphia, Syracuse, Kansas City, Detroit, Boston, Buffalo, and New York City.

By August of 1982, United was operating direct, no change of plane Boeing 727 jet service to Los Angeles, San Francisco and Denver as well as nonstop Boeing 737 jet service to Washington, D. C.

By the late 1930s the first passenger traffic was flowing through the airport on a flight that ran from El Paso, Texas, through Pueblo, Colorado Springs, and Denver, then back again.

By 1991, the airport consisted of three wide runways, one of which had a length of, making it the longest runway in Colorado until 16R / 34L, a long runway, opened at Denver International Airport in September 2003.

By bus Sal takes to the road again, passing Washington, Ashland, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and eventually reaching Denver.

By the turn of the century, the office was bringing in over $ 5 million in annual gold and silver deposits, and in 1906, the Mint opened its new Denver branch.

By the late 1860s, many in Denver had sold their businesses and moved northward to the Dakota Territory communities of Laramie and Cheyenne, which had sprung up along the transcontinental railroad.

By the time the Missouri River bridge at Plattsmouth, Nebraska was completed the B & MR in Nebraska was well on its way to the Mile High city of Denver, Colorado.

By that time, Major League Baseball's policy had changed – with Coors Field in Denver and Miller Park in Milwaukee going up in that span – and Anheuser-Busch ( who retained the naming rights after selling the team ) was able to use the same name for the Cardinals ' new stadium which opened on April 4, 2006.

By the 2003 season with the Denver Broncos, he was the starter at defensive end and led the team in tackles and sacks.

By 1988 the company continued its rapid expansion and had opened locations throughout the southwest and in such far flung cities like Atlanta, Denver, Norfolk and Minneapolis.

By the early 1980s all of the cities served from Manhattan by turboprop aircraft had been dropped and replaced with a single daily non-stop flight to Denver, CO ( DEN ) using a Boeing 737-200.

By the mid-1920s, he decided to make cartooning his full-time profession, working for the Denver Post and the Rocky Mountain News.

By the end of the year, only the small portion ( less than 12 miles ) between Denver and Golden had been graded.

By the following year, the success of the Denver Pacific investors in persuading the United States Congress to grant them land allowing them to construct a line throughout the South Platte River valley to Cheyenne made it evident that Denver would prevail over Golden.