By 1881 both Ireland and Wales had representative teams, and in 1883 the first international competition, the Home Nations Championship had begun.

By the late 19th century 90 % of all Shetland was owned by just 32 people, and between 1861 and 1881 more than 8, 000 Shetlanders emigrated.

By 1881, nearly 1500 torpedoes had been produced.

By July 1, 1881, minor party dissension over the Conkling affair remained while President Garfield continued his policy of forbidding Vice President Chester A. Arthur, a Conkling ally, from attending presidential cabinet meetings.

By 1881, civil service reform associations had organized with renewed energy across the nation, including New York.

By 1881, both Marx and Engels began to contemplate a course of development in Russia that would lead directly to the communist stage without the intervening bourgeois stage.

By late 1880 William Bell had begun to organize railway construction in Utah that would become the Palmer controlled Denver and Rio Grande Western Railway in mid 1881.

By 1881 the Fort Worth Democrat was complaining that Hell's Half Acre covered more like.

By 1881 there were fancy restaurants, a bowling alley, four churches, an ice house, a school, an opera house, two banks, three newspapers, and an ice cream parlor, alongside 110 saloons, 14 gambling halls, and numerous brothels all situated among a number of dirty, hardscrabble mines.

By early 1881 the State Department started responding to criticism of the seal, resulting first in an 1882 centennial commemorative coin, and then with Secretary of State Frederick Frelinghuysen asking for funds to create a new design and dies of both the obverse and reverse on January 11, 1884, after getting estimates of the cost.

By 1881, the population of Northwood had reached 257, with 62 houses recorded.

By late 1881 Tombstone had more than 7, 000 citizens, excluding all Chinese, Mexicans, women and children residents.

By 1881 two rail lines and a road which intersected the area were added.

By 1881 the population was between 500 and 600 people.

By 1881, Thornburg was at the junction of the line to What Cheer and a branch to Montezuma

By 1881, the eastern band had disappeared, leaving the remaining Chitimacha on Grand Lake, located near Charenton.

By 1881, a line was completed across Sinepuxent Bay to the shore, bringing rail passengers directly into the town.

By 1881, there was a sawmill, blacksmith shop, general store, a creamery, and two churches.

By August 1881 it had reached Lakeville in Stoddard County.

By the 1870 ’ s Mary was telling her students “ Some day I will have a church of my own .” In 1879 she and her students established the Church of Christ, Scientist, “ to commemorate the word and works of our Master, which should reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing .” In 1892 at Eddy ’ s direction, the church reorganized as The First Church of Christ, Scientist, “ designed to be built on the Rock, Christ ....” Some years later in 1881, she founded the Massachusetts Metaphysical College, where she taught approximately 800 students in Boston, Massachusetts between the years 1882 and 1889.

By 1881, the population of freedmen had increased in the area, while the number of Native Americans had declined.

By 1881, Mobeetie was the judicial center of the Thirty-fifth District, made up of fifteen counties.

By 1881 there was a railroad station here.

By 1881, Mount Vernon's permanent population was 75.

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Volta.

By the middle of the 14th century these Freischöffen ( Latin scabini ), sworn associates of the Fehme, were scattered in thousands throughout the length and breadth of Germany, known to each other by secret signs and pass-words, and all of them pledged to serve the summons of the secret courts and to execute their judgment.

By the 1920s the Los Gatos area had a local reputation as an arts colony, attracting painters, musicians, writers, actors and their bohemian associates as residents over the years.

By 1931, a series of killings in New York involving Castellammarese clan members and associates caused Maranzano and his family to declare war against Joe Masseria and his allies.

By 1931, a series of killings in Detroit, Chicago and New York involving Castellammarese clan members and associates caused Maranzano and his family to declare war against Joe Masseria and his allies.

By the 7th article the club decided to admit as associates similar societies in other parts of France and to maintain with them a regular correspondence.

By the late 1980s, the extent of the first family's business activities concerned even long-time military associates, such as General Benny Murdani.

By 215, the brothers were in concord on the surface but each had his own set of associates fighting each other under the surface.

By late 1989, federal officials had been investigating Barry for six years on suspicion of illegal drug possession and use ; that fall, they were able to make cases against several of Barry's associates for past cocaine use, including Charles Lewis – a native of the U. S. Virgin Islands who was implicated in a drug investigation involving Barry and a room at Washington ’ s Ramada Inn in December 1988 – and a former girlfriend, ex-model Rasheeda Moore.

By the April 1975 communist victory, Pol Pot and his associates occupied the most important positions in the Communist Party of Kampuchea ( CPK ) and in the state hierarchies.

By other provisions of the plan, the Merce Cunningham Trust, established by Cunningham to serve as the custodian for his works, takes control of his dances for licensing purposes ; Cunningham associates prepared detailed records of the dances so they could be licensed and given authentic productions by other companies.

" By this time, his regular circle of musical associates included Wild Bill Davison, Bobby Hackett, George Brunies, Edmond Hall and Pee Wee Russell.

By the time of Escobar's capture and eventual death in December 1993, Los Pepes have been responsible for the deaths or executions of over 60 associates or members of the Medellín cartel.

It was rumoured that no important government appointment could happen without the Family's support By 1999, the Family also included two of Berezovsky's associates, his former AVVA partner Alexander Voloshin, who replaced Yumashev as Yeltsin's chief of staff, and Roman Abramovich.

) By regulation, the Department of Health and Human Services extended the HIPAA privacy rule to independent contractors of covered entities who fit within the definition of " business associates ".

By May 25, all but one of the eight arrested associates of Muluzi had been released on bail.

By early 1978 Amin's circle of close associates had shrunk significantly — the result of defections and executions.

By 1871, Corning had passed control of his business interests on to his sons and close associates, and at one point passed up the opportunity to buy a share in a new land deal in Nebraska, saying that " I find that my health is such that it will not do for me to take hold of any new undertaking.

By 1978, DeMeo was heard bragging to associates that he had murdered 100 people.

By the time of the election, Stan agrees to vote after being chased by Combs and his associates through the streets with guns.

By Raab's estimate, Persico's " deceitful schemes " led directly to 70 of his wiseguys and associates being sent to prison, as well as 12 deaths.

By 1917, only Procter and two associates remained to handle business.

By 1663, due to the war in Europe between England and France, the Company of 100 associates had gone out of business.

By 1985, US authorities recognized Eppolito and Caracappa as associates and workers for the New York Mafia.

By convention, associates to the right: we read as.