By 1881 the Volta associates had succeeded in improving an Edison tinfoil machine to some extent.

By 1881 both Ireland and Wales had representative teams, and in 1883 the first international competition, the Home Nations Championship had begun.

By the late 19th century 90 % of all Shetland was owned by just 32 people, and between 1861 and 1881 more than 8, 000 Shetlanders emigrated.

By 1881, nearly 1500 torpedoes had been produced.

By July 1, 1881, minor party dissension over the Conkling affair remained while President Garfield continued his policy of forbidding Vice President Chester A. Arthur, a Conkling ally, from attending presidential cabinet meetings.

By 1881, civil service reform associations had organized with renewed energy across the nation, including New York.

By 1881, both Marx and Engels began to contemplate a course of development in Russia that would lead directly to the communist stage without the intervening bourgeois stage.

By late 1880 William Bell had begun to organize railway construction in Utah that would become the Palmer controlled Denver and Rio Grande Western Railway in mid 1881.

By 1881 the Fort Worth Democrat was complaining that Hell's Half Acre covered more like.

By 1881 there were fancy restaurants, a bowling alley, four churches, an ice house, a school, an opera house, two banks, three newspapers, and an ice cream parlor, alongside 110 saloons, 14 gambling halls, and numerous brothels all situated among a number of dirty, hardscrabble mines.

By early 1881 the State Department started responding to criticism of the seal, resulting first in an 1882 centennial commemorative coin, and then with Secretary of State Frederick Frelinghuysen asking for funds to create a new design and dies of both the obverse and reverse on January 11, 1884, after getting estimates of the cost.

By 1881, the population of Northwood had reached 257, with 62 houses recorded.

By late 1881 Tombstone had more than 7, 000 citizens, excluding all Chinese, Mexicans, women and children residents.

By 1881 two rail lines and a road which intersected the area were added.

By 1881 the population was between 500 and 600 people.

By 1881, Thornburg was at the junction of the line to What Cheer and a branch to Montezuma

By 1881, the eastern band had disappeared, leaving the remaining Chitimacha on Grand Lake, located near Charenton.

By 1881, a line was completed across Sinepuxent Bay to the shore, bringing rail passengers directly into the town.

By 1881, there was a sawmill, blacksmith shop, general store, a creamery, and two churches.

By August 1881 it had reached Lakeville in Stoddard County.

By the 1870 ’ s Mary was telling her students “ Some day I will have a church of my own .” In 1879 she and her students established the Church of Christ, Scientist, “ to commemorate the word and works of our Master, which should reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing .” In 1892 at Eddy ’ s direction, the church reorganized as The First Church of Christ, Scientist, “ designed to be built on the Rock, Christ ....” Some years later in 1881, she founded the Massachusetts Metaphysical College, where she taught approximately 800 students in Boston, Massachusetts between the years 1882 and 1889.

By 1881, Mobeetie was the judicial center of the Thirty-fifth District, made up of fifteen counties.

By 1881 there was a railroad station here.

By 1881, Mount Vernon's permanent population was 75.

By the early 1960s, most of East and Central Africa, where the majority of the Ismāʿīlī population on the continent resided including Tanganyika, Kenya, Uganda, Malagasy, Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, had attained their political independence.

By 2001, the population had jumped to 206, 073, and it was 217, 988, in 48, 061 families, according to 2006 census.

By the 7th century BC, much of the Assyrian population used Akkadian influenced Eastern Aramaic and not Akkadian itself.

By the late 1960s, the area of LAFTA had a population of 220 million and produced about $ 90 billion of goods and services annually.

By making these data available to local public health officials in real time, most models of anthrax epidemics indicate that more than 80 % of an exposed population can receive antibiotic treatment before becoming symptomatic, and thus avoid the moderately high mortality of the disease.

By the 13th century, the city was an important port, with a mixed Basque and Gascon population.

By 1905, 62 % of the members were industrial workers ( 3 % of the population in 1897 ).

By 1973, the CPK were fighting battles against government forces with little or no North Vietnamese troop support, and they controlled nearly 60 % of Cambodia's territory and 25 % of its population.

By comparison, estimates of the population density per square kilometer of the Indian Ocean's other island microstates ranged from 241 ( Seychelles ) to 690 ( Maldives ) in 1993.

By 1340, Cairo had a population of close to half a million, making it the largest city west of China.

By the 1860s, there were around 5, 000 residents, and the population grew to around 10, 000 by the late 1880s.

By the 1860 census on the verge of the Civil War, 91. 7 percent of the black population, or nearly 20, 000 people, were free.

By the middle of the century, the population was bolstered by emigration from the Canary Islands, resettling the northern part of the colony and planting tobacco in the Cibao Valley, and importation of slaves was renewed.

By 2006, the percentage of foreign-born population had increased to just over 15 % in Dublin.

By the 3rd century, Caesarea had a population of about 100, 000.

By 1901 the population of Emsworth was about 2, 000.

By 1917 Finland had experienced rapid population growth, industrialization, improvements in the economy and standard of living, and the rise of a comprehensive labor movement ; economic, social, and political divisions were deepening while the Finnish political system was in an unstable phase of democratization and modernization.

By 1775, Washington had doubled the size of Mount Vernon to, and had increased its slave population to over 100.

By March 2006, at least 65 % of the Greek population was able to view Digital TV for free with the use of set-top boxes.

By 1939 the population had grown to over 120, 000.

By 1946, the major part of the population of these camps were cleared by NKVD and either sent home or conscripted ( see table for details ).

By mid-February to mid-March, the bulk of the population has arrived in the lagoons, filling them with nursing, calving and mating gray whales.

By New X-Men # 115, Genosha had a population of sixteen million mutants and a stable, advanced society.

By 1992 only 55 percent of the Honduran population continued to live in rural areas.

By the end of the 10th century, the Norse minority had merged with the Slavic population, which also absorbed Greek Christian influences in the course of the multiple campaigns to loot Tsargrad, or Constantinople.