By the eve of the Revolution, Putnam had become a relatively prosperous farmer and tavern keeper, with more than a local reputation for his previous exploits.

By the eve of World War I, Europe, for instance, represented the largest share ( 27 %) of the global zones of investment, followed by North America ( 24 %), Latin America ( 19 %), Asia ( 16 %), Africa ( 9 %), and Oceania ( 5 %) for all industrial powers.

By coincidence, the coup was carried out on the eve of the second congress, forcing the suspension of party business.

By the eve of World War I, the Slovaks were struggling to preserve their newly found national identity.

By the eve of this battle there were probably 4, 000 rifles defending the town, supported by two Austrian howitzer batteries ( 12 howitzers ) and a German 10 cm battery ( two guns ) with up to 50 guns in the surrounding area, while a force of 2, 000 rifles was at Beersheba.

By the eve of World War I, Groza had completed his studies and returned to Deva to work as a lawyer.

By 1860, on the eve of the American Civil War, 91 percent of blacks in Delaware were free, and 49. 7 percent of blacks in Maryland.

By an ancient tradition, on the eve of the death of a Duke of Dorset, two black owls come and perch on the battlements of Tankerton Hall, the family seat ; the owls remain there hooting through the night and at dawn they fly away to an unknown place.

By the eve of statehood, the JNF had acquired a total of 936, 000 dunums of land ; another 800, 000 dunums had been acquired by other Jewish organizations or individuals.

By August 1945, Japan was on the eve of defeat.

By mid-December at any rate, Kitchener was already circulating all column commanders with instructions not to bring in women and children when they cleared the country, but to leave them with the guerrillas ... Viewed as a gesture to Liberals, on the eve of the new session of Parliament at Westminster, it was a shrewd political move.

By the eve of battle, the front-line trenches had ceased to exist and their barbed wire defences were blown to pieces.

By the eve of the Revolution, it had become the world's largest hospital, with a capacity of 10, 000 patients plus 300 prisoners, largely prostitutes swept from the streets of Paris.

By the eve of the 1917 Revolution the garden economy was developing quickly.

By the mid-14th century Bristol is considered to have been England's third-largest town ( after London and York ), with an estimated 15-20, 000 inhabitants on the eve of the Black Death of 1348-49.

By the eve of poll, it was clear that large numbers of previously Labour voters were defecting to other parties, and that non-Labour voters were lining up in support of the Liberal candidate as the one most likely to beat Labour.

) By the eve of the First Anglo-Burmese War, Yangon had replaced Syriam ( Thanlyin ) as the chief port city of the kingdom.

By the eve of the war, Bunau-Varilla had already drafted the new nation's constitution, flag, and military establishment, and promised to float the entire government on his own checkbook.

By 1860, on the eve of the American Civil War, cotton accounted for almost 60 % of American exports, representing a total value of nearly $ 200 million a year.

By 1974 the breach between Milne and the local party was irreparable, and he was deselected on the eve of the February 1974 general election.

By the eve of World War II Collinwood's economic vitality had drawn large numbers of both ethnic white Europeans and Southern Appalachians.

By 1865, following the American Civil War, stocks in small industrial companies, such as iron and steel, textiles and chemicals were first sold by curbstone brokers.

By 1949, the CPC had established control over most of the country ( see Chinese Civil War ).

By the 1860 census on the verge of the Civil War, 91. 7 percent of the black population, or nearly 20, 000 people, were free.

By mid-1947, as East-West tensions over economic recovery in Germany and the Greek Civil War escalated, Eisenhower gave up his hopes for cooperation with the Soviets and agreed with a containment policy to stop Soviet expansion.

By the time of the Civil War, Douglass was one of the most famous black men in the country, known for his orations on the condition of the black race and on other issues such as women's rights.

By far the most important issue to counter-revolutionary women was the passage and the enforcement of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy in 1790.

By the beginning of the Civil War, Austria-Hungary, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland had recognized Finnish independence.

By the 1850s, it was noticed that the numbers of birds seemed to be decreasing, but still the slaughter continued, accelerating to an even greater level as more railroads were developed after the American Civil War.

By the end of the English Civil War, the monarchy, House of Lords and Privy Council were abolished.

By the end of the 19th century, a new educated social class which transcended the divisions of race and caste was emerging as a result of British attempts to nurture a range of professionals for the Ceylon Civil Service and for the legal, educational, and medical professions.

By 1860 the total number of slaves reached almost four million, and the American Civil War, beginning in 1861, led to the end of slavery in the United States.

By 1861, the year of the next tour, the United States was plagued by Civil War, so the cricketers headed to Australia instead.

By 1866 enrollment increased to 1, 205 students, many of whom were Civil War veterans.

By the time of the American Civil War, the White House had become overcrowded.

By the late 1960s, the social progress achieved by groups in the United States such as the Black Civil Rights Movement ( 1955 – 68 ), had legitimized the racial identity word black as mainstream American English usage to denote black-skinned Americans of African ancestry.

By the end of the American Civil War, the Observatory's clocks were linked via telegraph to ring the alarm bells in all of the Washington, D. C. firehouses three times a day, and by the early 1870s the Observatory's daily noon time signal was being distributed nationwide via the Western Union Telegraph Company.

By the time the American Civil War started in 1861, he was a millionaire and one of the richest men in the South, having amassed a " personal fortune that he claimed was worth $ 1. 5 million ".

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By 1949, the Communist Party of China's ( CPC ) People's Liberation Army had largely defeated the Kuomintang ( KMT )' s National Revolutionary Army in the Chinese Civil War on the mainland.

By the outbreak of the Civil War, the population of Baton Rouge was 5, 500.

By the time of the Civil War, album quilt inscriptions had become shorter and were more likely to include only the block maker's name, and perhaps his or her hometown or date.

By 1870 after the Civil War, the total population decreased slightly to 10, 313, but the number of blacks rose to 6610, or 64 % of the total.

By the start of the American Civil War, Falls Church had seen an influx of Northerners seeking land and better weather.

By 1850, the county had more slaves than any other county in Texas until the end of the Civil War.