By the mid-1930s, Cukor was not only established as a prominent director but, socially, as an unofficial head of Hollywood's gay subculture.

By the mid-1930s, Hitler ’ s most powerful subordinates were Hermann Göring, as head of the Four Year Plan for crash rearmament, and Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS and police apparatus.

By the mid-1930s most US psychologists had adopted the view that environmental and cultural factors played a dominant role.

By the mid-1930s however, superheterodynes were using higher intermediate frequencies, ( typically around 440 – 470 kHz ), with tuned coils similar in construction to the aerial and oscillator coils.

By the mid-1930s, commercial production of TRF receivers was largely replaced by superheterodyne receivers.

By the mid-1930s, when he was 26, he began directing a number of the Group Theater's plays.

By the mid-1930s his father's increasing alcoholism and abusive temper ( he had part of his ear bitten off in a poker game fight ) finally led Edwina to separate from him although they never divorced.

By the mid-1930s as Japan's empire was reaching its zenith, the colonial government began a political socialization program designed to enforce Japanese customs, rituals and a loyal Japanese identity upon the aborigines.

By the mid-1930s, British Guiana and the whole British Caribbean were marked by labor unrest and violent demonstrations.

By the mid-1930s, the Metropolitan line was suffering from congestion caused by the limited capacity of its tracks between Baker Street and Finchley Road stations.

By the mid-1930s, the double feature was the dominant U. S. exhibition model, and the majors responded.

By the mid-1930s, the city population had swelled beyond 140, 000 thanks largely to the growing mining and silk textile industries.

By the mid-1930s, Mildred had half a dozen stores, a church, a school, and a few houses.

By the mid-1930s, MGM had been so impressed by Frank Morgan that they signed him to a lifetime contract.

By the mid-1930s Florey settled into the studio system and produced vehicles for Warren William, Guy Kibbee, and Akim Tamiroff ( briefly promoted as a lead actor ).

By the mid-1930s, Rogers was adored by the American people.

By the mid-1930s, the dry cleaning industry had adopted tetrachloroethylene ( perchloroethylene ), or " perc " for short, as the ideal solvent.

By the time West was an established movie actress in the mid-1930s, they were no longer a couple.

By the mid-1930s, however, a gradual rapprochement between chiefs and intellectuals had begun.

By the mid-1930s the royalties from the " Little House " books brought a steady and increasingly substantial income to the Wilders for the first time in their 50 years of marriage.

By the mid-1930s, she committed to owning thoroughbred horses and to racing them in the US.

By the mid-1930s, popular discontent with the Ranas led to the establishment of several movements, notably the Praja Parishad, to which Tribhuvan himself gave explicit support, to overthrow the Ranas.

By the age of 16, Hazel Scott regularly performed for radio programs for the Mutual Broadcasting System, gaining a reputation as the “ hot classicist .” In the mid-1930s, she also performed at the Roseland Dance Hall with the Count Basie Orchestra.

By the mid-1930s, the traditional way of using milk brought straight from the dairy was becoming a rarity in Devon because using a cream separator, which actively separated the cream from the milk using centrifugal force, before heating produced far more clotted cream for the same amount of milk: as a farmer's wife in Poundsgate said, " the separator saves a whole cow!

By the Rule of St Benedict, which, until the Cluniac reforms, was the norm in the West, the abbot has jurisdiction over only one community.

By the time dBASE for Windows eventually shipped, the developer community had moved on to other products such as Clipper or FoxBase and dBASE never regained significant share of Ashton-Tate's former market.

By the 1850s, bunyip had also become a " synonym for imposter, pretender, humbug and the like " in the broader Australian community.

By the 1980s many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training and since then thousands of people have been up-skilled through IT courses.

By the later 3rd century, however, some Christians began to express dissatisfaction with the custom of relying on the Jewish community to determine the date of Easter.

By the 1970s the science fiction community was confronting questions of feminism and sexism within science fiction culture itself.

By ancient tradition, Basques, and indeed other peoples in Medieval Europe, held assemblies under a tree, usually an oak, to discuss matters affecting the community.

By placing parentheses around Pasadena City College, a nearby community college, Mudd students changed the sign to read:

By the early monarchy El and Yahweh had become unified and Asherah did not continue as a separate state cult, although she continued to be popular at a community level until Persian times.

By 1819 the Harmonites had built 150 log homes, a church, a community storehouse, barns, stables, and a tavern, along with thriving shops and mills, and cleared land for farming.

By making wiki links simpler to type for the members of a particular community, these features help bring the different wikis closer together.

By 1937, the members had made the decision to create a new language, to the surprise of the world's interlanguage community.

By 25 May 1993, the international community had tried to pressure the leaders of the former Yugoslavian republics diplomatically, militarily, politically, economically, and – with Resolution 827 – through juridical means.

By 1980, a number of national computer facilities ( ULCC London, UMRCC Manchester, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory serving the Science and Engineering Research Council community ), each with their own star network had developed.

By the early 2000s, community development issues and resettlements became mainstreamed in Bank mining projects.

By the late 19th century, Nazareth was a town with a strong Arab Christian presence and a growing European community, where a number of communal projects were undertaken and new religious buildings were erected.

By not outing gay Bishops who support policies which harm homosexuals, we would be protecting those Bishops and thereby allowing them to continue to inflict suffering on members of our community.

By extension the term parish refers not only to the territorial unit but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it.

By sacred things he meant things " set apart and forbidden — beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them ".

By the late 1990s, the message board forum at the site had developed into a thriving community with a large number of regular members and contributors worldwide.

By adopting this Responsum, the CJLS found itself in a position to provide a considered Jewish-law justification for its egalitarian practices, without having to rely on potentially unconvincing arguments, undermine the religious importance of community and clergy, ask individual women intrusive questions, repudiate the halakhic tradition, or label women following traditional practices as sinners.

By doing this he wishes to establish within the younger members of his community a scheme to discern right and wrong actions through the powers of the mind.

By the 15th century, its authority in the Spanish Jewish community was such that Joseph ibn Shem-Tov drew from it arguments in his attacks against Maimonides, and even representatives of non-mystical Jewish thought began to assert its sacredness and invoke its authority in the decision of some ritual questions.

By 1523, a Karaite community, consisting of 10 families, is recorded as living in Hebron, It was from them that, in 1540, Rabbi Malkiel Ashkenazi bought a courtyard ( El Cortijo ) and the house of prayer which he converted to the Sephardi Abraham Avinu Synagogue.

By 1850, the Jewish population consisted of 60 Sephardi families and a 30-year old Ashkenazi community of 50 families.