By distinguishing superlunary ( celestial ) and sublunary ( terrestrial ) existence, and reinforcing this with the four-element physics of Empedocles, Aristotle came to speak of the stars as perfect bodies, which moved in only a perfect way, viz. in a perfect circle.

By dealing with common landscape in an uncommon way, Roy Mason has found a particular niche in American landscape art.

`` By the way '', said Mr. Blatz, packing his tools into a battered carrier, `` them power tools needs extra voltage.

By the end of the spring of 1961, assuming that a general business recovery gets under way, interest rates should begin to edge upward again, depending upon the vigor of the recovery and the determination with which the monetary authorities move to restrain credit availability.

By early summer, he wrote from Laramie that he was suffering from the wound inflicted in the ambush and was in a bad way financially, so Pels sent him a draft for $100, warning that it was still not wise for him to return.

By means of charts showing wave-travel times and depths in the ocean at various locations, it is possible to estimate the rate of approach and probable time of arrival at Hawaii of a tsunami getting under way at any spot in the Pacific.

By way of explanation we ourselves are prone to imagine that this achievement stems from the same American Catholic zeal and generosity which brought the parochial school system into existence.

By the theory of minute constituents of things, and his emphasis on mechanical processes in the formation of order, he paved the way for the atomic theory.

By allowing a new kind of equality among citizens this opened the way to democracy, which in turn called for a new means, chattel slavery, to at least partially equalise the availability of leisure between rich and poor.

By 1980, the way the game was played had changed dramatically due to innovative coaching tactics, with the phasing out of many of the game's kicking styles and the increasing use of handball ; whilst presentation was influenced by television.

By 1972, however, with only a minimum of work done on the I-95 right of way and none on the potentially massively disruptive Inner Belt, Governor Francis Sargent put a moratorium on highway construction within the MA-128 corridor, except for a short stretch of Interstate 93.

By early 2000 there had been the beginning of an economic recovery, with the export sector leading the way, as it enjoyed the benefit of the more competitive exchange rate, as well as strong prices for petroleum, Colombia's leading export product.

By 0. 3 Mya, Canis lupus ( the gray wolf ) was fully developed and had spread throughout Europe and northern Asia ; and Beringia offered a way to North America.

By 1996, other engineers had joined in, because it was clear that Cygwin would be a useful way to provide Cygnus ' embedded tools hosted on Windows systems ( the previous strategy had been to use DJGPP ).

By Stalin's death in 1953, the Central Committee had become largely a symbolic organ, which was responsible to the Politburo, and not the other way around.

By way of contrast, when introduced in 1985, the Amiga had compared favorably against 286-based systems with EGA graphics and rudimentary sound capabilities that frequently cost 2 – 3 times as much.

By 1827, construction on the Dayton-Cincinnati canal began as a way to better transport goods from Dayton to Cincinnati.

By the age of Augustus, poets like Virgil closely adhered to the rules of the meter and approached it in a highly rhetorical way, looking for effects that can be exploited in skilled recitation.

By 2003 the line had been restored from Massawa all the way through to Asmara.

By no means do all Greek epigrams behave this way ; many are simply descriptive.

By way of comparison, the routes départementales cover a total distance of 365, 000 km.

* By the convolution theorem, Fourier transforms turn the complicated convolution operation into simple multiplication, which means that they provide an efficient way to compute convolution-based operations such as polynomial multiplication and multiplying large numbers.

By the end of the 1990s, 11 fishing farms were registered in Guadeloupe and experiments are under way to catch and market fish in order to respond to growing demand.

By granting land to the abbotts and bishops he appointed, Otto actually made these bishops into " princes of the Empire " ( Reichsfürsten ); in this way, Otto was able to establish a national church.

By 1988, Hungary had developed a two-tier banking system and had enacted significant corporate legislation which paved the way for the ambitious market-oriented reforms of the post-communist years.

By using custom formatting and load / save routines ( sometimes included in third-party DOSes, see below ), all of the mechanically possible 40 tracks could be used.

By the twelfth century great churches in Germany, like those elsewhere were finding it difficult to hold out against the accumulation of lay custom and lay objections to temporary inheritance.

By the early 18th century, the custom had become common in towns of the upper Rhineland, but it had not yet spread to rural areas.

By the later 3rd century, however, some Christians began to express dissatisfaction with the custom of relying on the Jewish community to determine the date of Easter.

By convention, the charge carried by electrons is deemed negative, and that by protons positive, a custom that originated with the work of Benjamin Franklin.

By Roman custom, February 24 is the day added to a leap year in the Julian calendar.

By custom, the Presiding Officer gives the floor leaders priority in obtaining recognition to speak on the floor of the Senate.

By the end of the 12th century they had become holy days of obligation across Europe and involved such traditions as ringing bells for the souls in purgatory and " souling ", the custom of baking bread or soul cakes for " all crysten christened souls ".

By custom, it is the right of each state to determine who its nationals are.

By 2000 the custom had spread to all of Japan.

By British custom the cables to the outside world are terminated on the horizontal side, and the indoors equipment on the vertical side.

By Hammurabi's time, almost all trace of tribal custom had already disappeared from the law of the Code.

* By custom, kings in Macedonia assert their right to the throne by burying their predecessor.

By English law and custom they may only elect the person who has been nominated by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister.

By custom, kings in Macedonia asserted their right to the throne by burying their predecessor.

By the 12th century, the Kerait rulers were still following a custom of bearing Christian names, which may have fueled the legend.

By custom, kings in Macedon asserted their right to the throne by burying their predecessor.

By custom it used a combination of the lesser state arms of Sweden and the arms for the town of Jönköping.

By ancient custom an Act did not come into force until it had been promulgated at an open-air sitting of Tynwald, usually held on Tynwald Hill at St John's on St John's Day ( 24 June ) but since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1753 on 5 July ( or on the following Monday if 5 July is a Saturday or Sunday ).

By political custom, the king's nominees have all been from parties who hold the most seats in the Cortes.

By political custom established by Juan Carlos I since the ratification of the 1978 Constitution, the king's nominees have all been from parties who maintain a plurality of seats in the Congress.

By custom, the President gives the State of the Union address annually.

By defining offerings as individual capabilities that when combined and focused to a specific industry, creates a custom solution rather than pigeon-holing a customer into a product.

By the blood of these creatures it is the custom to appease the gods.