[permalink] [id link]
Demotic ( from dēmotikós, " popular ") refers to either the ancient Egyptian script derived from northern forms of hieratic used in the Delta, or the stage of the Egyptian language following Late Egyptian and preceding Coptic.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Demotic and from
The word oasis comes into English via from, which in turn is a direct borrowing from Demotic Egyptian.
He also noticed that these characters resembled the equivalent ones in the Demotic script, and went on to note as many as 80 similarities between the hieroglyphic and demotic texts on the stone, an important discovery because the two scripts were previously thought to be entirely different from one another.
Demotic was written using a script derived from hieratic ; its appearance is vaguely similar to modern Arabic script and is also written from right to left ( although the two are not related ).
Coptic is written using the Coptic alphabet, a modified form of the Greek alphabet with a number of symbols borrowed from Demotic for sounds that did not occur in Ancient Greek.
However, most words of Egyptian origin that entered into Greek, and subsequently into other European languages, came directly from ancient Egyptian ( often Demotic ).
Coptic therefore is a reference both to the most recent stage of Egyptian after Demotic, and to the new writing system that was adapted from the Greek alphabet.
Coptic uses a writing system almost wholly derived from the Greek alphabet, with the addition of a number of letters that have their origins in Demotic Egyptian.
The repertoire of glyphs is based on the Greek alphabet augmented by letters borrowed from the Egyptian Demotic and is the first alphabetic script used for the Egyptian language.
A number of letters, however, were derived from Demotic, and many of these ( though not all ) are used in " true " Coptic writing.
Coptic is largely based on the Greek alphabet, another help in interpreting older Egyptian texts, with 24 letters of Greek origin ; 6 or 7 more were retained from Demotic, depending on the dialect ( 6 in Sahidic, another each in Bohairic and Akhmimic ).
This Demotic text, known from more than forty fragmentary copies, consists of a dialogue between a person called " The-one-who-loves-knowledge " and a figure that Jasnow and Zauzich identify as Thoth.
Demotic refers particularly to the form of the language that evolved naturally from ancient Greek, in opposition to the artificially archaic Katharevousa, which was the official standard until 1976.
* trên and tartên " two " ( masculine and feminine form respectively ) as compared to Demotic Arabic tnēn and tintēn ( from Proto-Semitic * ṯnaimi and * ṯnataimi ).
There were two graphic forms of the Meroitic alphabet: a monumental epigraphic form taken from Egyptian hieroglyphs, and a cursive form derived from Demotic Egyptian.
Fragments from the Cairo Genizah and others written in Coptic and Demotic on papyrus round out the collection.
This may have also been assisted by the eventual availability of papyrus as well as the evolution of the hieroglyphs into the more comprehensible forms of Hieratic ( from the Greek ' hieros ' meaning ' sacred ' and coined by Herodotus ( c. 484-424 BCE )) and Demotic.
He is known from Aramaic and ancient Greek sources, and is mentioned in the Demotic Chronicle.
By convention, the word " Demotic " is capitalized in order to distinguish it from demotic Greek.
Early Demotic ( often referred to by the German term Frühdemotisch ) developed in Lower Egypt during the later part of the 25th dynasty, particularly found on stelae from the Serapeum at Saqqara.
From the 4th century BC onwards, Demotic held a higher status, as may be seen from its increasing use for literary and religious texts.
Demotic and ")
Thermopylae (; Ancient and Katharevousa Greek, Demotic Θερμοπύλες: " hot gateways ") is a location in Greece where a narrow coastal passage existed in antiquity.
Demotic Greek (, " of the people ") or dimotiki is the modern vernacular form of the Greek language.
*- πτ-( e. g. πταίσμα " misdemeanor "); Demotic preferred-φτ-( e. g. φταίω " to err || to be guilty ")
*- ευδ-( e. g. ψεύδος " falsity, lie "); Demotic preferred-ευτ-( e. g. ψεύτης " liar ")
Demotic and ancient
The Rosetta Stone is an ancient Egyptian granodiorite stele inscribed with a decree issued at Memphis in 196 BC on behalf of King Ptolemy V. The decree appears in three scripts: the upper text is Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, the middle portion Demotic script, and the lowest Ancient Greek.
* Demotic becomes the dominant script of ancient Egypt
The discovery of the Rosetta Stone, a tablet written in ancient Greek, Egyptian Demotic script, and Egyptian hieroglyphs, has partially been credited for the recent stir in the study of Ancient Egypt.
Terryl Givens has suggested that the characters are early examples of Egyptian symbols being used " to transliterate Hebrew words and vice versa ," that Demotic is a " reformed Egyptian ," and that the mixing of a Semitic language with modified Egyptian characters is demonstrated in inscriptions of ancient Syria and Palestine.
Other scholars worked on producing a hieroglyphic dictionary, developing a Demotic lexicon, and establishing an outline of ancient Egyptian history.
Besides, even the most archaic forms of Katharevousa were never thought of as ancient Greek, but were always called " modern Greek ", so that the phrase " modern Greek " applies to Demotic, Standard Modern Greek and even Katharevousa.
Two examples of this decree are known, inscribed in Egyptian ( in both hieroglyphic and Demotic ( Egyptian )) and in classical Greek, and they were second only to the more famous Rosetta Stone in providing the key to deciphering the ancient Egyptian language.
It is bilingual, in ancient Egyptian and Greek, and written in Egyptian hieroglyphs, Egyptian Demotic and Greek.
It was written in three writing systems: Egyptian hieroglyphs, Demotic, and Greek, on an ancient Egyptian memorial stone stele, the Stone of Canopus.
Demotic and Egyptian
In later Pahlavi papyri, up to half of the remaining graphic distinctions of these twelve letters were lost, and the script could no longer be read as a sequence of letters at all, but instead each word had to be learned as a whole — that is, they had become logograms as in Egyptian Demotic.
" As Middle Egyptian evolved into Late Egyptian, Demotic, and finally Coptic ( c. 600 BC ), dj-b-t became tobe " brick.
The word for oasis in the later attested Coptic language ( the descendant of Demotic Egyptian ) is wahe or ouahe which means a ' dwelling place '.
Demotic Egyptian first appears about 650 BC and survived as a spoken language until the fifth century AD.
Coptic and Demotic Egyptian are grammatically closely akin to Late Egyptian, which was written in the Hieroglyphic script.
The core lexicon of Coptic is Egyptian, being most closely related to the preceding Demotic phase of the language.
This type of writing was superseded by Demotic — a Lower Egyptian scribal tradition — during the 26th Dynasty when Demotic was established as a standard administrative script throughout a re-unified Egypt.
Demotic and script
At the time of the stone's discovery, the Swedish diplomat and scholar Johan David Åkerblad was working on a little-known script of which some examples had recently been found in Egypt, which came to be known as Demotic.
* 660 BC: First known use of the Demotic script.
* Last known usage of Demotic script in Egypt.
* 660 BC: First known use of the Demotic script.
Around 660 BC, the Demotic script ( and later Greek ) replaced hieratic in most secular writing, but hieratic continued to be used by the priestly class for several more centuries, at least into the 3rd century AD.
During the Graeco-Roman period, when Demotic ( and later Greek ) had become the chief administrative script, hieratic was limited primarily to religious texts.
Related to this are the Demotic signs of the Meroitic script and the borrowed Demotic characters used in the Coptic alphabet and Old Nubian.
He became director of the School of Egyptology at Cairo, producing numerous very valuable works and pioneering the decipherment of Demotic, the simplified script of the later Egyptian periods.
* Demotic ( Egyptian ), a script and stage of the Egyptian language
The Demotic script was referred to by the Egyptians as " document writing ," which the 2nd century scholar Clement of Alexandria called ( epistolographikē ) " letter writing ," while early Western scholars, notably Thomas Young, formerly referred to it as ' Enchorial Egyptian '.
After the reunification of Egypt under Psametik I, Demotic replaced Abnormal Hieratic in Upper Egypt, particularly during the reign of Amasis when it became the official administrative and legal script.
The last dated example of the Demotic script is dated to December 11, AD.
0.330 seconds.