One notable exception is the abolition of the death penalty by the Emperor Saga of Japan in 818.

Among them, three sons would eventually ascend to the imperial throne: Emperor Heizei, Emperor Saga and Emperor Junna.

* Imperial Prince Kamino ( 賀美能親王 / 神野親王 ) ( Emperor Saga ) ( 786 – 842 )

* Imperial Princess Takatsu ( 高津内親王 ) (?– 841 ), married to Emperor Saga

* 809 (): After a reign of four years, Heizei fell ill ; and fearing that he would not survive, Heizei abdicated in favor of his younger brother, who would later come to be known as Emperor Saga.

* May 18, 809 (): Emperor Saga was enthroned at age 24.

Cry for noble Saichō ( 哭最澄上人 ), which was written by Emperor Saga for Saichō's death.

Emperor Saga was the second son of Emperor Kammu, and younger brother of Emperor Heizei by the same mother.

* June 17, 809 (): In the 4th year of Emperor Heizei's reign, he fell ill and abdicated ; and the succession ( senso ) was received by Kammu's second son Saga, the eldest son having become a Buddhist priest.

Shortly thereafter, Emperor Saga is said to have acceded to the throne ( sokui ).

Soon after his enthronement, Saga himself took ill. Emperor Saga's untimely health problems provided former-Emperor Heizei with a unique opportunity to foment a rebellion ; however, forces loyal to Emperor Saga, led by taishōgun Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, quickly defeated the Heizei rebels which thus limited the adverse consequences which would have followed any broader conflict.

Emperor Saga played an important role as a stalwart supporter of the Buddhist monk Kūkai.

simple: Emperor Saga

yo: Emperor Saga

* 810: After the rebellion of Emperor Heizei, he became the crown prince of Emperor Saga at 25 years of age.

In this period, Saga was called the Senior Retired Emperor and Junna was known as the Junior Retired Emperor.

* 1896 – In Athens, the opening of the first modern Olympic Games is celebrated, 1, 500 years after the original games are banned by Roman Emperor Theodosius I.

* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.

* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey.

* 681 – Bulgaria is founded as a Khanate on the south bank of the Danube after defeating the Byzantine armies of Emperor Constantine IV south of the Danube delta.

Schweitzer concludes that the 1st century theology, originating in the lifetimes of those who first followed Jesus, is both incompatible with, and far removed from, those beliefs later made official by the Roman Emperor Constantine in 325 CE.

The Terracotta Army commissioned by the first Chinese Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi is a collection of about 8000 life-sized ceramic soldiers and horses buried with the emperor.

In the history of India, Ashoka is referred to as Samraat Chakravartin Ashoka – the " Emperor of Emperors Ashoka ".

One of his first acts as Emperor was to persuade the Senate to grant divine honours to Hadrian, which they had at first refused ; his efforts to persuade the Senate to grant these honours is the most likely reason given for his title of Pius ( dutiful in affection ; compare pietas ).

* 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt.

* 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the magister militum Ricimer.

* 1346 – Dušan the Mighty is proclaimed Emperor, with the Serbian Empire occupying much of the Balkans.

* 982 – Holy Roman Emperor Otto II is defeated by the Saracens in the battle of Capo Colonna, in Calabria

Emperor David is exiled and later murdered.

** Battle of Placentia — Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy

* 378, Battle of Argentovaria — Western Emperor Gratianus is victorious over the Alemanni, yet again.

The Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar a grandson of Aurangzeb, is also known to have sent a letter to the Ottomans bu this time it was received by the Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha providing a graphic description of the informing him of the efforts of the Mughal commander Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha against the Rajput and Maratha rebellion.

* 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Although some sources state that Ealdred attended the coronation of Emperor Henry IV, this is not possible, as on the date that Henry was crowned, Ealdred was in England consecrating an abbot.

Alexander is apparently mentioned in the Edicts of Ashoka, as one of the recipients of the Indian Emperor Ashoka's Buddhist proselytism, although no Western historical record of this event remains.

The epigraph at the beginning of the poem is the phrase Vicisti, Galilaee, Latin for " You have conquered, O Galilean ", the apocryphal dying words of the Emperor Julian.

* 1887 – A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, Alsatian police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of German Emperor William I, defusing a possible war.

In Marion Zimmer Bradley's The Mists of Avalon, Aurelianus is depicted as the aging High King of Britain, a " too-ambitious " son of a Western Roman Emperor.

* 193 – Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum ( in the Balkans ).

* 1294 – Temür, grandson of Kublai, is elected Khagan of the Mongols and Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty with the reigning titles Oljeitu and Chengzong.

Many who side with this view disagree that Luke portrays Christianity or the Roman Empire as harmless and thus reject the apologetic view because “ Acts does not present Christians as politically harmless or law abiding for there are a large number of public controversies concerning Christianity, particularly featuring Paul .” For example, to support this view Cassidy references how Paul is accused of going against the Emperor because he is “ saying that there is another king named Jesus .” ( Acts 17: 7 ) Furthermore, there are multiple examples of Paul ’ s preaching causing uprisings in various cities ( Acts 14: 2 ; 14: 19 ; 16: 19-23 ; 17: 5 ; 17: 13-14 ; 19: 28-40 ; 21: 27 ).