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Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan the Mighty ( r. 1331-1355 ) was succeeded by his son Stefan Uroš V ( r. 1355-1371 ) whose reign was characterized by decline of central power and rise of numerous virtually independent principalities ; this period is known as the fall of the Serbian Empire.
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Emperor and Stefan
* Eudokia Angelina, who married ( 1 ) King Stefan I Prvovenčani of Serbia, then ( 2 ) Emperor Alexios V Doukas, and ( 3 ) Leo Sgouros, ruler of Corinth.
Stefan Dušan, Emperor of Serbs and Greeks, enacted Dušan's Code () in Serbia, in two state congresses: in 1349 in Skopje and in 1354 in Serres.
In 1345, the Serbian King Stefan Uroš IV Dušan proclaimed himself Emperor ( Tsar ) and was crowned as such at Skopje on Easter 1346 by the newly created Patriarch of Serbia, and by the Patriarch of Bulgaria and the autocephalous Archbishop of Ohrid.
* Stefan the Mighty, Emperor of Serbia conquers Thessaly and Epirus.
* December 20 – Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, Emperor of Serbia
Vuk was a son of Branko Mladenović ( died before 1365 ), who received the high court title of sebastokrator from Emperor Stefan Dušan ( 1331 – 1355 ) and served as governor of Ohrid ( present day Macedonia ).
Dee sought the patronage of Emperor Rudolf II in Prague and King Stefan of Poland in Kraków ; Dee apparently failed to impress either monarch.
** Legislation of Stefan Dušan, Emperor of Serbs and Greeks ( 1928 )
( Legal Code of Stefan Dušan, Serbian Emperor, 1349 and 1354 ), Belgrade, 1898
The medieval Serbian state reached its apex in the mid-14th century, during the rule of Stefan Dušan, who proclaimed himself in 1345 tsar in Serres and was crowned in Skopje on 16 April 1346 as the " Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks " by the newly proclaimed Serbian Patriach Joanikie II with the help of the Bulgarian Patriarch Simeon and the Archbishop of Ohrid, Nicholas.
Saint Stefan Uroš V Nejaki (" The Weak "; ; 13362 / 4 December 1371 ) was king of the Serbian Empire ( 1346 – 1355 ) as co-regent of his father Stefan Uroš IV Dušan Silni (" The Mighty ") and then Emperor ( tsar ) ( 1355 – 1371 ).
After Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Asen II defeated Theodore Komnenos Doukas of Epirus in Klokotnitsa in 1230, Stefan Radoslav lost the support of the Serbian nobility.
The ancient cell of Helandaris was donated by Emperor Alexios III Angelos ( 1195 – 1203 ) " to the Serbs as an eternal gift ..." and Stefan Nemanja establishes and endows the monastery in 1198 ( before 13 February 1199 ).
Marrying Komnena, daughter of the Serbian Prince Stefan Nemanja and granddaughter of the Byzantine Emperor Alexios III Angelos, he also earned the exalted Byzantine title panhypersebast.
* Emperor Simeon-Siniša of Epirus ( 1359 – 1370 ), son of Stefan Uroš III and the Greek Princess
In the autumn of 1191, Béla had a meeting with his son-in-law, the Emperor Isaac II, whom he helped against Stefan Nemanja, the ruler of the Serbs.
In the 15th century, a coat of arms of " Tribalia ", depicting a wild boar with an arrow pierced through the head ( see Boars in heraldry ), appeared in the supposed Coat of Arms of Emperor Stefan Dušan ' the Mighty ' ( r. 1331 – 1355 ).
King Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, as part of treat with Serbian ruler Despotus Stefan Lazarević, gave him Baia Sprie as a gift, at 1411., until Depotus ' death in 1426.
The Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V himself died very soon.
In 1410 he was defeated and killed by his brother Musa, who won the Ottoman Balkans with the support of Byzantine Emperor Manuel II, Serbian Despot Stefan Lazarevic, Wallachian Voievod Mircea, and the two last Bulgarian rulers ’ sons.
He was given the title of despot by Dušan's successor Emperor Stefan Uroš V. In 1365 he was crowned King of the Serbs and Greeks as the co-ruler of Emperor Uroš.
Emperor and Uroš
* Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia ( 1308 – 1355 ) Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks.
Emperor Uroš died childless in December 1371, after much of the nobility had been destroyed by the Ottomans in the Battle of Maritsa earlier that year.
Stephen Uroš IV Dušan was crowned Emperor of Serbs and Greeks on 16 April 1346, a title signifying a successorship to the Eastern Roman Empire ( Byzantines ).
After the death of Emperor Dušan the Mighty, in the period known as the " fall of the Serbian Empire ", Užice came under the control of Vojislav Vojinović, a nobleman in the service of Emperor Uroš the Weak.
By his wife Helen, who was either an Angevin princess or a daughter of the Latin Emperor of Constantinople, Stephen Uroš I had at least three sons:
In 1346, Stephen Uroš IV Dušan was crowned Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks Albanians and Bulgarians, and the Archbishopric of Serbia was elevated to a Patriarchate.
* Emperor Uros ( Uroš the Weak ) ( 1355 – 1371 ),
* Emperor Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia ( 1331 – 1355 )
* Emperor Stephen Uroš V of Serbia ( 1355 – 1371 )
The family is recognized as Oblastni gospodari ( Lords ) in charters of Emperor Uroš the Weak ( r. 1355-1371 ).
After serving as the last Serbian maritime bastion, Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V gifted the island to Balša I in 1357.
The Battle of Gallipoli ( 1312 ) was fought by the Serbian troops sent by Stefan Uroš II Milutin to aid the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos in the defense of his lands against the Ottoman Turks.
Emperor and IV
The Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes, assuming the command in person, met the invaders in Cilicia.
Emperor Romanos IV was himself taken prisoner and conducted into the presence of Alp Arslan, who treated him with generosity, and, terms of peace having been agreed to, dismissed him, loaded with presents and respectfully attended by a military guard.
Alp Arslan humiliating Emperor Romanos IV after the Battle of Manzikert.
* 681 – Bulgaria is founded as a Khanate on the south bank of the Danube after defeating the Byzantine armies of Emperor Constantine IV south of the Danube delta.
* 1203 – Isaac II Angelos, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexios IV Angelos co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade.
Although some sources state that Ealdred attended the coronation of Emperor Henry IV, this is not possible, as on the date that Henry was crowned, Ealdred was in England consecrating an abbot.
Led by a pretender claiming to be Constantine Diogenes, a long-dead son of the Emperor Romanos IV, the Cumans crossed the mountains and raided into eastern Thrace until their leader was eliminated at Adrianople.
The crusaders, whose objective had been Egypt, were persuaded to set their course for Constantinople before which they appeared in June 1203, proclaiming Alexios IV as Emperor and inviting the populace of the capital to depose his uncle.
* Maria ( renamed Eirene ), who married Emperor Michael Asen IV of Bulgaria
However, during the schism between Pope Alexander III and Antipope Victor IV, Absalon stayed loyal to Valdemar even as he joined the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barberossa in supporting Victor IV.
* Alexius IV of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond
When Frederick IV of Habsburg sided with Antipope John XXIII at the Council of Constance, Emperor Sigismund placed him under the Imperial ban.
Aldona had two daughters, Cunigunde ( died in 1357 ), who married Louis VI the Roman, the son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, on 1 January 1345, and Elisabeth ( died in 1361 ), who was married to Duke Bogislaus V of Pomerania.
Elisabeth's daughter, Elizabeth of Pomerania, was the fourth wife of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
He thus broke allegiance with Philip and assembled a broad coalition including Emperor Otto IV, King John I of England, Duke Henry I of Brabant, Count William I of Holland, Duke Theobald I of Lorraine, and Duke Henry III of Limburg.
The campaign was designed by John, who was the fulcrum of the alliances ; his plan being to draw the French away from Paris southward against himself and keep him occupied, while the main army, under Emperor Otto IV, marched on Paris from the north.
The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by a Reichstag in Nuremberg headed by Emperor Charles IV that fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, an important aspect of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire.
Some notable collectors were Pope Boniface VIII, Emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman Empire, Louis XIV of France, Ferdinand I, Henry IV of France and Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg, who started the Berlin Coin Cabinet ( German: Münzkabinett Berlin ).
It was he who, in old age, crowned Louis IV of Bavaria as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328.
Gregory VII appeared to have succeeded when the emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor was humiliated at Canossa in 1077.
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor was one of those monarchs who found himself excommunicated.
On Palm Sunday, 1084, Henry IV solemnly enthroned Clement at St. Peter ’ s Basilica and on Easter Day, Clement returned the favor and crowned Henry IV as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
The struggle over investiture between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor had dramatized the clash between church and state.
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